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VETERINARIAN'S 
HANDBOOK 

OF MATERIA MEDICA 
AND THERAPEUTICS 



/ \^ BY 

D. H. UDALL. B.S.A.. D.V.M. 

Professor of Veterinary Medicine and Hygiene 

New York State Veterinary College at 

Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. 



CARPENTER & COMPANY 

ITHACA. N. Y. 

1912 



^^v 



Copyright 1 91 2 
Carpenter & Company 



V^ 



^^ ^ 



gCI.A328046 



PREFACE. 

The writer of this handbook has attempted to 
condense in pocket-book size information frequently 
desired by the veterinarian. The contents are com- 
piled from the writer's experience, and from the 
most recent and authoritative sources in veterinary 
science. 

Corrections of errors, or suggestions in regard 
to omissions or additions will be gratefully acknowl- 
edged. 

The list of typographical and other errors has 
been materially reduced by the assistance of Dr. C. P. 
Fitch in reading and correcting proof, for which the 
writer desires to express his appreciation and thanks. 

D. H. UDALL. 
Ithaca, N. Y., May 1912. 



Ill 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

Page 
Weights and Measures 1 

Table of Solubilities 4 

Representative Formulas 9 

Descriptions, Uses, and Dosage of Drugs - - - 11 

Treatment of Diseases 95 

Symptoms and Treatment of Poisoning - - - - 141 

Administration of Medicine 146 

Tables, obstetrical 149 

Tables, age 152 

Tables, pulse, respiration and temperature - - 156 

Veterinary Hygiene 158 

Clinical Diagnosis 167 

Shipment of Tissues - 178 

Abbreviations. 

C stands for cattle, H for horse, Sh for sheep, Sw 
for swine. Drugs marked with a star (*) are non- 
ofRcial. N.F.=National Formulary. U. S. P.=United 
States Pharmacopoeia. B.P.= British Pharmaco- 
poeia. G.P. = German Pharmacopoeia. V.K. = Vet- 
erinar-Kalender — Rautenberg. 



IV 



1. Weights and Measures. 



gr. = gram 
3 = dram 
5 = ounce 



Tables of Equivalents. 

Apothecaries' Weights. 

= 0.06479 gm. = 0.065 estimate 
= 3.886 gm. =^ 4, estimate 
= 31.1035 gm. =30. estimate 



TTt. = minim = 

f3 ^ fluidram = 

f§ = fluidounce = 

O = pint (octarius) = 



Apothecaries' Fluid. 

= 0.06161 cc.: 
= 3.75 cc. : 
= 29.5737 cc. 
473.179 cc. 



0.06 



4. 

30.00 
500.00 
gallon (congiu.s) = 3785.432 cc. = 4000.00 



Metric Weights. 



mg. = milligram 
eg. = centigram 
dg. = decigram 
Gm. = gram 
Kg. = kilogram 
Kg.= 



0.001 gm. 
0.01 gm. 



: 0.1 
: 1.0 

:1000.0 



gm. 
gm. 
gm. 



= 0.0154 gr. 
= 0.1543 gr. 
= 1.5432 gr. 
= 15.4323 gr. 
= 2.68 lb. apoth. 
2.2 lb. avoir. 



Metric Fluid Measure. 

cc. = cu. centimeter = 1.0 cc. =^ 16.23 
cl. = centiliter = 10.0 cc. = 0.338 

dl. = deciliter 
L. = liter 



n 

= 100.0 cc. = 3.382 f^ 
= 1000.0 cc. = 33.824 f3 



1 teaspoonful = fo 1 1/3 

1 dessertspoonful = f3 2 1/2 

1 tablespoonful = f3 4 

1 teaciipful = f§ 4. 

1 f3 = 60 TTL = 57.049 gr. 
1 fS = 480 TTL. = 456.392 gr. 
10= 7680 Til. = 7300. gr. 
1 C = 61440 111. = 58400. gr. 
1 C = 231 cii. in. 

1 lb. apoth. = 5760 gr. 

1 E apoth. = 480 gr. 

1 3 apoth. == 60 gr. 

1 lb. avoir. =7000 gr. 

1 oz. avoir. = 437^/^ gr. 

Apothecaries' (Wine) Measure. 

60 ITL. ^= 1 f3 =^ 4 cc. approximate 

8 f 3 ^ 1 f^ = 30 cc. approximate 

16 f§ == 1 O. = 500 cc. approximate 

8 O = 1 C. = 4000 cc. approximate 

Apothecaries' Weight. 

60 gr. = 13= 4 gm. approximate 

8 3 = 1 S = 30 gm. approximate 

12 5 = 1 lb. = 372 gm. approximate 

16 ^ = 500 gm. approximate 

Imperial iVIeasure. 

60 Tit. = 1 f3= 3.5 cc. 

8 £3= 1 f5= 28.39 cc. 

20 f5= 1 O. = 567.93 cc. 

8 O. = 1 C. = 4543.87 cc. 



Solution Table. 



To estimate the weight in grains of the drug re- 
quired to make a solution of a given percentage, mul- 
tiply the weight in grains of the solvent by the per 
cent desired. 



1 f^ water at 4 C. = 456.39 grains. 



To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 
To make 



lf§ of 
IfS of 
IfS of 
IfB of 
IfS of 
IfS of 
IfB of 
IfB of 
IfS of 
lf5 of 
Ife of 
lf5 of 
IfB of 
Ifg of 
1 f5 of 
IfB of 
IfS of 
lf3 of 
lf5 of 



a 0.1% 

a 0.2% 

a 0.3% 

a 0.4% 

a 0.5% 

a 0.6% 

a 0.7% 

an 0.8% 

a 0.9% 

a 1. % 

a 2. % 

a 3. % 

a 4. % 

a 5. % 

a 6. % 

a 7. % 

an 8. % 

a 9. % 

a 10. % 



(1:1000 

(1:500 

(1:333 

(1:250 

(1:200 

(1:166 

(1:143 

(1:125 

(1:111 

(1:100 

(1:50 

(1:33 

(1:25 

(1:20 

(1:16 

(1:13 

(1:12.5 

(1:11 

(1:10 



sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 
sol. add 



0.456 grs. 
0.91 grs. 



1.37 

1.82 

2.28 

2.73 

3.19 

3.65 

4.1 

4.56 

9.12 

13.7 

18.25 

22.8 

27.38 

31.94 

36.50 

41.06 

45.64 



grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 
grs. 



2. Table of Solubilities, at 25 Centigrade. 



One part is soluble in 



water 



alcohol 



Acetanilidum 



(Phe- 



Acetplienetidinum 

nacetin) 
Acidum Acetyl-salicylicum 

(Aspirin) 
Acidum Benzoicum (sol. in 

oils) 
Acidum Boricum 

Acidum Chromicum 
Acidum Picricum 
Acidum Salicylicum 

Acidum Tannicum 

Acidum Tartaricum 

Aconitina 

Aconitine Sulphate, amor- 
phous 

Alumen 

Alumen Exsiccatum 

Alypin 

Ammonii Carbonas 

Ammonii Chloridum 

Antimonii et Potassii Tar- 
tras 

Antipyrina 

Apomorphinae Hydrochlor- 
idum 



179 
(18. boiling) 

92.5 

100 

281 
18 
(4.3 boil.) 
freely 
sparingly 

308 
(14 boiling) 
0.34 
0.71 
3200 

soluble 

9.0 
17.0 
soluble 

4.0 

2.0 
15.5 
(3 boil) 
less than 

1 

39.5 



2.5 

12.0 

soluble 

1.8 
15.3 



freely 

2.0 

0.23 
1.67 
22.0 

soluble 

insoluble 

insoluble 

soluble 

50.0 
insoluble 

1.0 



38.2 



One part is soluble in 


water 


alcohol 


Arecolin Hydrobromide 


soluble 




Argenti Nitras 


0.54 


24.0 


Arseni Trioxidiim 


15.0 
boiling 




Freely in acid hydrochlo- 






ric, or potassium car- 






bonate solution. 






Atoxyl 


soluble 




Atropinae Sulphas 


0.38 


3.7 


Balsamum Peruvianum 


insoluble 


5.0 


Barium Chlorid 


2.5 


insoluble 


Betanaphthol 


950.0 


0.61 


Bismuth Subnitras 


insoluble 


insoluble 


Caffeina 


45.6 


53.2 


Caffeinae Sodio-salicylatas 


2.0 




Calx 


760.0 


insoluble 


Camphora (readily sol. in 






oil) 


insoluble 


freely 


Chloralum Hydratum 


freely 


freely 


Chloretone 


sparingly 


freely 


Cocainae Hydrochloridum 


0.4 


2.6 


Codeina 


88.0 


1.6 


Codeinae Sulphas 


30.0 


1033.0 


Creolin 


40.0 


freely 


Creosotum 


120.0 (hot) 


freely 


Oresol 


60.0 




Cupri Sulphas 


2.2 


400.0 


Digitalin (German) 


soluble 




Ergot, Extract (Squibb) 






(4 cold water) 


soluble 




Ferri Chloridum 


freely 


freely 


Ferri Citras 


slowly 
(freely in 
hot) 


insoluble 



One part is soluble in 


water 


alcohol 


Ferri Sulphas 


0.9 
(0.3 boil) 


insoluble 


Guaiacol 


53.0 


freely 


Homatropinae Hydrobro- 






midum 


5.7 


32.5 


Heroin (sol. in acidulated 






liquids) 


insoluble 




Heroin Hydrochlorid 


2.0 




Hydrargyri Cblor. Corro. 






(add salt to prevent pre- 


13.0 


3.0 


cipitation of albumen) 


(2 boiling) 




Hydrargyri Chlor. Mite 


insoluble 


insoluble 


Hydrargyri lodidum Rub. 






(freely soluble in potas- 






sium iodid solutions) 


insoluble 


116.0 


Hyoscinae Hydrobromidum 


1.5 


16.0 


Hyoscinae Sulphas 


freely 


6.4 


Ichthyol (miscible with 






oils and glycerin) 


soluble 




Ichthargan 


freely 


freely 


lodoformum (sol. in 5.2 






ether) 


insoluble 


46.7 


lodum (readily in petrox 






liq.) 


5000.0 


10.0 


Liquor Cresolis Comp. 


soluble 


soluble 


Magnesii Sulphas (Epsom 






Salt) 


1.85 


insoluble 


Menthol 


freely 


freely 


Morphinae Hydrochlori- 






dum 


17.2 


42.0 


Morphinae Sulphas 


15.3 


465.0 


Naphthalinum (very solu- 






ble in oils) 


insoluble 


13.0 



One part is soluble in 


water 


alcohol 


Phenol 


19.6 


freely 


Phenol Liquefactum (mis- 






cible with oils and gly- 






cerin in all proportions) 


12.0 




Phosphorus (sol. in 50 






parts fatty oil) 


insoluble 


insoluble 


Phenylis Salicylas (Salol) 






(sol. in oils) 


2333.0 


5.0 


Physostigminae Salicylas 


72.5 


12.7 


Physostigminae Sulphas 


freely 


freely 


Pilocarpinae Hydrochlori- 






dum 


0.3 


2.3 


Pix Liquida (soluble in 






oils or solutions of sod. 






hydroxid) 


slightly 


soluble 


Plumbi Acetas 


2.0 


30.0 


Potassii Acetas 


0.4 


2.0 


Potassii Bicarbonas 


3.0 


insoluble 


Potassii Bitartras 


200.0 
(16.7 boil) 


insoluble 


Potassii Bromidum 


1.5 


180.0 


Potassii Carbonas 


0.91 


insoluble 


Potassii Chloras 


16.0 
(1.7 boil.) 


slightly 


Potassii Dichromas 


9.0 




Potassii Hydroxidum 


1.5 boil 


insoluble 


Potassii lodidum 


0.4 


2.0 


Potassii Nitras 


0.7 


12.0 


Potassii Permanganas 


3.6 


sparingly 


Potassii Picras 


230.0 




Protargol (slowly in 2.5 






cold water) 







One part is soluble in 



water 



alcohol 



Pyoktanin (80 boil., 50 

hot, 75 cold water) 
Pyrogallol 

Quininae Hydrochloridum 
Quininae Sulphas (acids 

increase solubility in 

water) 
Resorcinol 
Saccharum 
Saccharum Lactis 
Sodii Acetas 
Sodii Bicarbonas 
Sodii Boras (Borax) 
Sodii Bromidum 
Sodii Chloridum 
Sodii Hydroxidum 
Sodii Nitras 
Sodii Phenolsulphonas 
Sodii Salicylas 
Sodii Sulphas (Glauber's 

Salt) 
Sparteinae Sulphas 
Strychninae Sulphas 
Terpini Hydras. 
Tricresol 

Veratrin Sulphate 
Zinci Acetas 
Zinci Chloriduin 
Zinci Phenolsulphonas 
Zinci Sulphas 





12.0 


1.6 


1.0 


18.0 


0.6 


720.0 


86.0 


0.5 


freely 


0.46 


137.2 


4.79 




1.0 


23.0 


12.0 




20.4 


Insoluble 


1.7 


12.5 


2.8 


Insoluble 


1.0 


very 


1.4 


slightly 


4.8 


130.0 


0.8 


5.5 


2.8 




1.1 


2.4 


31.0 


65.0 


200.0 


10.0 


40.0 




-y 
2.5 


36.0 


0.4 


freely 


1.7 




0.53 


insoluble 



3. Representative Formulas. 



Simple Powder. 

n 1 

Antimonii et potas- 

sii tartratis 3 iv. 

Sig. Dissolve in a pail 
of water; give 1/3 at 6, 
7, and 8 a.m. before 
feeding or watering for 
a horse with stomach 
worms (Grimme). 

Divided Powder. 

B 3 
Antimonii et potassii 

tartratis 3 x 

Piilv. glycyrrhizae 3 x 
Pulv. juniperi § iiss 

Ammonii chloridi 3 iiss. 
M. Ft. ehartulae No. x. 
Sig. One powder 2-3 
times daily as expector- 
ant in horse. 

Capsules. 

I^ 5 

Oleoresinae aspidii 3 i. 
Ft. capsulae No. x. 
Sig. Give all at one dose 
for a large dog with 
tape-worms. 



Mixed Powder. 

B 2 
Sal Carolini factitii 
Pulv. nucis 

vomicae aa § viii 

Pulv. sinapis ^ iv 

Arseni trioxidi 3 iii. 
M. Sig. Tablespoonful 
thrice daily in feed for 
a horse with intestinal 
catarrh or oxyurus. 

Solution. 

n 4 

Liq. acidi arsenosi 
Liq. strychninae 

(1%) aa gxii 

Tinct. ferri chloridi § iii 
Glycerini § i. 

M. Sig. Tablespoonful 
2-3 times daily as a 
tonic for a horse. 

Keratin Coating. 

B 6 
Kamalae 3 iiss 

Pulv. seminis 

arecae 3 v. 

Olei theobromatis q.s. 
et fiant pilulae No, xxv, 
Obduce keratino. 
Sig. 6-15 pills for a 
dog with tape-worms 
(Schiel). 



10 



Electuary. 

I^ 7 
Sal Carolini fac- 

titii S viii 

Pulv. althaeae S iii 
Aquae com. q.s. electu- 
ariiiiii. 

Sig". Give on the tongue 
with a paddle. 



Decocta (Decoction). 
I^ 9 

Pour 20 parts cold wa- 
ter on 1 part drug; cov- 
er and boil 15 minutes; 
cool, strain, and add 
amount of water lost by 
evaporation. 

Demulcent. 
I^ 11 

Pour 20 parts cold wa- 
ter on 1 part drug (lin- 
seed) ; shake often dur- 
ing 1/2 hour; decant, or 
strain through coarse 
muslin. 

Liniment. 

I^ 13 

Aquae ammoniae 30 
Olei camphorae 70. 

M. 



Bolus. 

I^ 8 
Pulv. nucis vomicae 3 v 
Pulv. zingiberis B i 

Hydrargyri chloridi 

mite 3 iv 

Aloini § ii 

Glyceriti amyli q.s. mas- 

sa. 
Ft. boli iv. 
Sig. Physic balls. 

Infusa (Infusion). 

I^ 10 

Pour 20 parts boiling 
water on 1 part drug; 
let stand y2 hour in a 
tight vessel in a warm 
place; strain and add 
amount of water lost by 
evaporation. 

Emulsion. 

H 12 

Oil 2 (olive, linseed, cot- 
tonseed), pulv. acacia 1, 
water 17. 



Ointment. 

I^ 14 
lodidi gr. x-xx 

lodoformi 3 i-ii 

Petrolati saponati 

spissi N. F. 
Adipis aa B i- 



4. Descriptions, Uses, and Dosage of Drugs. 

Acacia (Gum Arabic). Intern., protectant in 
gastro-enteritis, diarrhea, poisons; expectorant in 
respiratory catarrh. Extern., hemostatic; clyster in 
proctitis. Preparations: Mucilago. Sy7'iipus. Used 
in emulsions, electuaries, pills and powders. 

Acetanilidum (Antifebrin). Soluble in 180 parts 
water, 2.5 alcohol. Intern., very high fevers only. 
Daily dose: H. & C. § 2-3 (50.-100.); Sh. & Sw. 3 2-3 
(8.-12.); D. gr. 15-30 (1.-2.0). In pills, electuary, or 
suspension. Extern., antiseptic powder on wounds, 
etc. 

Acetanilidi 5 iiss 

Pulv. althaeae § i 

Aq. com. q. sat. 

M. Ft. boli iii. 

Sig. One ball thrice 

daily in influenza (Proh- 

ner). 

Acetphenetidinum (Phenacetin). Antipyretic 

and analgesic. Said to be safer than acetanilid or 
antipyrin, most satisfactory of the coal-tar products. 
Sedative in dog distemper, painful cough, etc. H. & 
C. 3 21/2-5 (10.-20.); D. gr. 3-15 (0.2-1.). 

Acetum (Vinegar). 4-6% absolute acetic acid. 
Extern., fomentation and hot compress for phlegmons, 
parasiticide for lice (destroys eggs), clysters in 
oxyurus (1%). Intern., cooling, relieves thirst, anti- 
dote for caustic alkalies. H. & C. § 3-8 (100.-240); 
Sh. & Sw. § 1-2 (25.-50.). 

Arseni trioxidi 
Pot. carbonatis aa 3 i 
Aceti et aq. aa q.s. O i. 
M. Ft. sol. 

Sig. Viborg's arsenical vinegar for lice and mange 
(poison). Do not use more than a pint at a time on 
a horse. 



12 



Acidum Aceticum (Acetic Acid). 36% absolute 
acid. Extern,, warts. 

Acidum Aceticum Diiutum. 6% absolute acid. 
Use and dose as acetum. 

* Acidum Acetyl-salicylicum (Aspirin). Substi- 
tute for salol and salicylates. H. 3 3-4 (10.-15.); D. 
gr. 5-15 (0.3-1.). Two to three times daily. 



B 2 
Aspirini 

Sacchari aa gr. xxx. 
M. Ft. chart, vi. 
Sig. Three powders dai- 
ly for dog with distem- 
per (V.K.). 



B 1 

Aspirini 3 i 
Sacchari 3 ii. 
M. Ft. chart, iv. 
Sig. Two powders daily 
for dog with rheuma- 
tism (V.K.). 

Acidum Arsenosum cf arseni trioxidi. 

Acidum Benzoicum (Benzoic Acid). Intern., 
febrifuge, stimulant expectorant (fever, bronchitis, 
cystitis). Daily dose: H. «S. C.' § 2 (60.); D. 3 V2-2 
(2.-8.). Extern., antiseptic powder and ointment 
similar to salicylic acid. 

Acidum Boricum (Boric Acid). Soluble in 18 
parts water. Extern., conjunctivitis, otitis, general 
antiseptic for cats. 2-5% aqueous solution of tablets. 
Antiseptic powder. Intern., fermentation, gastro- 
enteritis, cystitis. H. & C. 3 Vs-l (15.-30.); Sh. & Sw. 
3 1/2-1 (2.-4.); D. gr. 15-45 (1.-3.). 

I^ 1 
Acidi borici gr. xl 

Cocainae 

hydrochloridi gr. ii 
Aquae distil. 3 ii' 

M. Ft. sol. 
Sig. For conjunctivitis. 



gr. XV 

gr. XV 
■ni iv 



IJ 2 

Acidi borici 
Cocainae 

hydrochloridi 
Phenolis liq. 
Glycerin! 

Aq. distil, aa § i. 

M. Ft. sol. Sig. A few 
drops in the ear of a 
dog with painful otitis 
media (v.k.). 



13 

Pkep: *Pulvis Antisepticus N.F. Salicylic acid 
5, phenol 1, eucalyptol 1, menthol 1, thymol 1, zinc 
sulphate 125, boric acid 865. 

Acidum Carbolicum cf phenol. 

*Acidum Carbolicum Crudum (Crude Phenol; 
Crude Cresol). Partly soluble in water (1:50-200). 
Stable disinfectant: mix with equal parts crude 
sulphuric acid and use in 5% aqueous solution. 
Extern., mix with ^/^-l part green soap for active dis- 
infectant. 1% in mange, etc. — cheap substitute for 
liquor cresolis comp. 

Acidi carbol. crud. 15. 
Sapo mollis 100. 

M. Sig. Apply to scratches and bandage (Reinhardt). 

*Acidum Chromicum (Chromic Acid). Extern., 
caustic in grease, canker, and tumors; as ointment, 
paste, or solution (1:10 to concentrated). Used by^ 
Frohner in chronic eczematous and verrucosa 
scratches (grease) as single application of 10% sol. 
Harness and saddle eczema in 2-5% solution or oint- 
ment. 

Acidum Hydrochloricum (Muriatic Acid). 31.9% 
HCl. 

Acidum Hydrochloricum Dilutum. 10% HCl. 
Intern., digestant in chronic indigestion, gastro-intes- 
tinal catarrh, licking disease, depraved appetite. 
H. & C. § 1/2-1 (15.-30.) ; Sh. & Sw. 3 Vs-l (2.-5.) ; D. 
TTt. 2-6 (0.12-0.35). In drinking water, well diluted 
and sprinkled on the hay, or per os very dilute. 

B 2 
Acidi 

hydrochlorici dil. 5 
Aq. distil. 300. 

Sig. One teaspoonful to 



I^ 1 
Acidi hydro- 
chlorici dil. S iv. 
Sig. Tablespoonful in a 
quart of water every 
three hours for a cow 
with chronic indiges- 
tion. 



a tablespoonful every 
three hours for a dog 
with distemper. 



14 

Acidum Lacticum (Lactic Acid). Intern., anti- 
ferment in gastric tympany, chronic indigestion and 
diarrhea (calves). H. & C. 3 2-3 (8.-12.). In capsule 
or a pint of water. Extern., mild caustic. 

I^ 1 

Acidi lactici 3i 

Syrupi 3 ii 

Aq. com. q.s. § vi. 

M. Sig. Tablespoonful 
every three hours for a 
dog with diarrhea (v.K.). 

Acidum Nitricum (Nitric Acid). 68% HNOo. 
Caustic in canker, warts, and small tumors. Ring- 
worm in cattle (5% ointment). 

Acidum Oleicum (Oleic Acid). Solvent for medi- 
cines to be absorbed from the skin. See petrox. 

Acidum Piiosphoricum Dilutum. 10% Phosphoric 
Acid. Stomachic in acute fevers, rachitis, and osteo- 
malacia. Inferior to hydrochloric acid. H. & C. ^ 
1-2 (30.-60.); Sh. & Sw. 3 1-2 (5.-8.); D. TTl. 5-10 
(0.3-0.6). 

*Acidum Picricum (Picric Acid). Intern., stron- 
gylosis and taeniasis in sheep and lambs. Sh. gr. 1-3 
(0.1-0.2) in mucilaginous drench. Caustic poison. 
Extern., desiccant antiseptic in moist eczema, 
lymphangitis, burns, otorrhea, scratches. Use in 
1-6% solution of alcohol and water. 

Acidum Salicylicum. Soluble in 300 parts water, 
2 alcohol. Intern., gastric and intestinal fermenta- 
tion, diarrhea in young, cystitis, specific in acute 
rheumatism. Daily dose: H. § 3 (100); C. § 5 (150); 
Sh. Sw. and Calf 3 2-3 (8.-12.); D. 3 VqA (2.-15.). Ex- 
tern., antiseptic powder (1:20-50 starch); 5% alco- 
holic solution, or ointment, in mastitis, ringworm, 
and otitis; 15% ointment in warts, and corns (man). 
See salunguene and petrox. 



15 



I^ 1 

Acidi salicylici 3 i 

Alcoholis q.s. solut. 
Adipis 3 iii. 

M. Ft. unguent, 
Sig. Externally in mas- 
titis (Frohner). 



I^ 2 

Acidi salicylici 

Acidi tannici aa 3 i. 

M. chart. No. viii. 

Sig. One powder in 

eight ounces linseed 

water for diarrhea in 

calf (Schlampp). 



92.5% H.SO^. Extern., 



I^ 3 

Acidi salicylici 3 

Amyli 70 

Talci 27. 
M. Sig. Desiccant. 

Acidum Sulphuricum. 

caustic. 

*Acidum Sulphuricum Crudum (Oil of Vitriol). 
Mix with equal parts phenol and use in 5% solution 
for disinfecting stables, etc. 

Acidum Sulpliuricum Dilutum. 10% H2SO4. in- 
tern., as dilute hydrochloric acid. H. & C. 3 4 (15.). 

Acidum Tannicum (Tannic Acid). Soluble in 1 
part water or alcohol, 3 parts glycerin. Extern., anti- 
septic powder (firm scab), astringent, hemostatic; 
10% ointment in moist eczema, otorrhea, and ulcers. 
Intern., styptic in diarrhea, cystitis, poisoning with 
metallic salts and alkaloids. H. & C. 3 1-6 (5.-25.); 
Sh. & Sw. 3 1/2-1 (2.-5.); D. gr. 2-7 (0.1-0.5). 

n 1 

Cupri sulphatis 3 iii 

Alumenis 3 ii 

Acidi tannici 3 iss 

Camph. triturae 3 iiss 

Carbo ligni § i. 

M. Antiseptic powder 
for scratches. 



B 2 
Acidi tannici 
Aq. distil 
Alcohol q.s. 
M. (Joseph). 
For acne or seborrhea 



2.5 
50 
100. 



16 

B 3 

Hydrargyri clilor. 

corrosiv. gr. viiss 

A.quae O i 

Acidi tannic! q.s. sat. 

sol. 
M. Apply twice daily to 
toughen the skin. 

Aconitum (Aconite). Root of Aconitum Napel- 
lus. V2% aconitin. Intern., circulatory depressant 
and vasodilator in first stages of acute fever. Use 
with caution and only for a short time in vigorous 
animals. Give the tinct. every 1-2 hours in small 
doses. H. & C. gr, 5-15 (0.3-1.) ; Sh. & Sw. gr. 1/5-2 
(0.013-0.13); D. gr. 1/10-1 (0.006-0.06). Prepara- 
tions: Fluidextracturn Aconiti. .4% aconitin. Dose: 
as root. Tinctura Aconiti. .045% aconitin. H. & C. 
3 1-2 (4.-8.); Sh. & Sw. ITL. 5-10 (0.3-0.6); D. ill. 1-2 
(0.06-0.13). Aconitina (Aconitin). Crystal alkaloid. 
Very toxic. Soluble in dilute alcohol. H.&C. gr. 1/80- 
1/25. '-^"Aconitin''. Commercial; amorphous. A 
weaker mixture of alkaloids; strength widely vari- 
able. Caution. 

n 1 

Tincturae aconiti 3 viii 

F. B. belladonnae 3 v 

Alcoholis dil. q.s. § ii. 

M. Sig. One dram every two hours for a horse with 

congestion of the lungs. 

Adeps (Lard). Internal fat of abdomen of hog. 
Basis for ointments. Pkep: Oleum Aclipis (Lard Oil). 

Adeps Benzoinatus (adeps 100, benzoin 20). A 
better base for ointments than lard, add 5% white 
wax for warm weather. 

Adeps Lanae (Wool-fat). 



17 

Adeps Lanae Hydrosus (Hydrous Wool-fat). 
Wool-fat 70, water 30. Basis for ointments, keeps 
well, rapidly resorbed. Official substitute for lanolin. 

*Adrenalin (Epinephrin; Suprarenin). Alkaloid 
from suprarenal glands. Forms: soluble bydrochlorid 
salts, or 1:1000 solution. Intern., stimulates and 
constricts peripheral vessels in shock, collapse, azo- 
turia, purpura, pulmonary hemorrhage, paturient pa- 
resis. Administer per vein, less active per subcutis, 
inactive per os. Action transient. Dose: 1:1000 sol.: 
H. & C. 3 1-4 (5.-15.); Sh. & Sw. 3 Va-l (2.-4.); D. TTl- 
10-30 (0.6-2.). Extern., hemostatic on mucous mem- 
branes in epistaxis, congestion, hemorrhage; one 
dram per subcutis over plantar nerve in acute 1am- 
initis. Use in 1:1000-5000 solution. 

Aether (Sulphuric Ether). 96% Ethyl Oxid. In- 
tern., stimulant in cerebral depression. Dose per os: 
H. & C. B 1/2-1 (15.-30.); Sh. & Sw. 3 1-2 (5.-8.); D. 
TTl. 8-15 (0.5-1.). Stimulant per subcutis (?): H. & C. 
3 1 (5.). Antispasmodic for horse per rectum in 
colic: put 1-2 ounces of ether in a bottle, connect 
the rectum and the mouth of the bottle with rubber 
tubing, place the bottle in a pail of warm water. 



I^ 1 

Aetheris S i 

01. ricini O i. 

M. Drench for a horse 
with spasmodic colic. 



I^ 2 

Aetheris 

01. terebinthinae aa § i 
Spiritus camphorae § iv. 
M. Stimulating lini- 
ment. 



*Airol cf bismuthi iodosubgallas. 

Alcohol. 92%. Intern., stimulant in collapse, 
narcotic poisoning, snake bites, chills, exposure; 
antipyretic in large doses in septicemia and pyemia. 
Stimulant: H. & C. § 1-2 (30.-60.); Sh. & Sw. 3 3-5 
(12.-20.); D. 3 i/^-l (2.-5.). Antipyretic: increase the 



18 



dose four times and give every 2 hours. Prepara- 
tions: Alcohol Dilutum 41%; Spiritus Frumenti 
(Whiskey) 37-47%; Spiritus Yini Gallici (Brandyj 
39-47% alcohol. Extern., resorhent and antiseptic in 
phlegmons, contusions, skin necrosis, harness galls, 
gangrenous dermatitis, sprains, fresh joint perfora- 
tions (firing), acute tendinitis and periostitis; in 
form of alcohol bandage (Frick) : Cover the part with 
1-2 layers of cotton; fix with gauze bandage; satu- 
rate with alcohol 92%, or denatured; enclose in im- 
pervious material (rubber sheeting, paraffin paper) ; 
and cover with woollen or flannel bandage; pour al- 
cohol beneath the impervious covering three times 
daily; change every 2-3 days. Antiseptic (50%). 

Aloe (Aloes; Barbadoes Aloes). Purgative: H. 
§ 1-1 1/2 (30.-45.); C. B 1-2 (30.-60.); Sh. 3 21/2-4 
(10.-15.); Sw. 3 1-21/2 (5.-10.); D. gr. 30-60 (2.-4.). 
Stomachic: H. & C. 3 1/2-3 (2.-12.); Sh. 3 1/2-I (2.-4.); 



Sw. gr. 15-30 (1.-2.); D. gr. 1-8 (0.065-0.5). In pills, 


electuary, or suspension. 




I^ 1 


I^ 2 


Aloes pulveri 


Antimonii et pot- 


Pulv. veratri aa 3 iiss. 


assii tart. 3 i 


M. Give in a pint of wa- 


Aloes pulveri g iss 


ter for a cow with 


Sodii sulphatis § xvi. 


chronic indigestion 


M. For a cow with per- 


(Frohner). 


sistent chronic indiges- 




tion. 


IJ 3 




Pulv. aloes B i 




Sapo mollis 




q.s. boll. 




M. Sig. For a horse with 




colic. 





Aloinum (Aloin). Active principle of aloes. 
H. & C. 3 2-4 (8.-15.); Sh. & Sw. gr. 10-30 (0.65-2.); 
D. gr. 1-5 (0.06-0.3). 



19 

n 

Pulv. nucis vomicae 3 v 
Pulv. zingiberis 3 vi 

Hydrarg. chlor, 

mite 3 v 

Aloini § ii 

Glyceriti amyli q.s. mas- 

sa. 
M. Ft. boli No. iv. 
Sig. Physic balls. 

Alumen (Alum; Crude Alum; AlK (SOJo+12 
H.O). Extern., antiseptic powder on wounds (irritat- 
ing) ; astringent and disinfectant on mucous mem- 
branes — stomatitis, conjunctivitis, vaginitis, metritis. 
2-5% aqueous solution, or with lead acetate to form 
Burrow's solution. 



I^ 1 

Alumenis 3 v 

Plumbi acetatis § i 
Aq. com. § xii. 

M, Burrow's solution. 



n 2 

Acidi tannici 50 

Acidi borici 
Alumenis aa 100. 
M. (v. K.). 



Alumen Exsiccatum (Burnt Alum; AlK (804)2). 
Styptic and antiseptic powder. 

*Alypinum (Alypin). Synthetic preparation; 
soluble white powd. Use like cocain for anesthesia, 
effect twice as rapid and non-toxic, continues about 
one hour. Parenchymatous infiltration 3%; eye op- 
erations 1%; perineural injection 1-5 grains. 

Ammonia Water cf aqua ammonia. 

*Ammoniacum (Gum Ammoniac). Combined 
with 2 parts gutta percha under heat to form Defay's 
hoof cement. 

Ammonii Carbonas (Ammonium Carbonate). 
Soluble in 5 parts water. Antacid in colic and tym- 
pany; circulatory and respiratory stimulant and 
stimulating expectorant in third stage of pneumonia, 



20 

bronchitis, emphysema; useful in collapse (colic, pa- 
resis of rumen, heart failure, pneumonia). C. § V^-'^Vz 
(15.-45.); H. 3 21/2-6 (10.-25.); Sh. & Sw. gr. 15-30 
(1.-2.) ; D. gr. 7-15 (0.5-1.) . Give every 2 hours in 
electuary, bolus, or mucilaginous fluid. 

Ammonii Chloridum (Ammonium Chlorid). Solu- 
ble in 3 parts water. Intern., expectorant in latter 
stages of bronchial catarrh, pneum^onia, strangles. H. 
3 2-4 (8.-15.); C. 3 4-8 (12.-25.); Sh. & Sw. 3 i^-l 
(0.2-5.); D. gr. 3-15 (0.2-1.). Extern., cooling and 
stimulating wash in contustions: ammonium chlorid 
1, potassium nitrate 5, sodium sulphate 8, water 16. 



Ammonii chloridi §i 
Pulv. anisi § i 

Sal. Carolini fac. § viii 
Pulv, glycyrrhizae et 
aquae q.s. electuarii. 
Sig. Give about an 
ounce on the tongue 
several times daily. 



Ammonii chloridi B viii 
Pulv. althaeae 
Pulv. glycyrrhizae 

aa %\ 
Aq. com. q.s. electuarii. 
Sig. Give a piece the 
size of a walnut every 
two hours for a horse 
in second stage of 
bronchitis (v.k.). 

Amy I is Nitris (Amyl Nitrite). Not practical for 
animals. See Spiritus Glycerylis Nitratis. 

Amylum (Corn Starch). Desiccant powder alone, 
or with zinc oxid, acid salicylic, menthol, bismuth 
(10:1) in moist eczema, chafing, etc. Peep: Glyceri- 
tiivi AmyJi. 

Anisum (Anise; Aniseed). Intern., carminative, 
expectorant, stomachic, improves taste of medicine. 
H. & C. 5 1^-2 (15.-60.) ; Sh. & Sw. 3 1-3 (5.-10.) ; D. 
Til. 1-5 of anise oil. Extern., oil of anise for lice, 
mites, fleas. 

Anthemis (Chamomile). Stomachic; carmina- 



21 



tive in spasm of intestine. H. & C. S 1-2 (30.-60.); 
Sh. & Sw. 3 1/^-2 (2.-8.). In infusion. 

Antifebrin cf acetanilid. 

Antimonii et Potassii Tartras (Tartar Emetic). 
Intern., promotes rumination, laxative, anthelmintic. 
H. 3 1^-5 (2.-20.); C. 3 3-5 (12.-20.); Sh. & Sw. gr. 
8-30 (0.5-2.); D. gr. %-lV2 (0.05-0.1). Sedative ex- 
pectorant in dry stage of bronchitis, laryngitis, etc., 
in one-fifth the above dose. See I^ 3, pg. 9. 

B 1 

Antimonii et potassii tartratis 3 iv-v. 
Sig. Dissolve in a pail of water; give 1/3 at 6 a. m., 
at 7 a. m., and at 8 a. m. before feeding, for a horse 
with stomach worms (Grimme). 



n 2 

Heroini gr. viii 

P. E. hyoscyami 

or belladonnae § i 
Ant. et potassii 

tart. 3 iv 

Syrupi q.s. O i. 

Sig. One ounce every 
two hours for a horse 
with acute bronchitis. 



3 3 

Ant. et potassii 

tart. 3 ii 

Ammonii chloridi 3 iv. 
M. Ft. chart. No. ii. 
Sig. One powder night 
and morning in drink- 
ing water (v.k.). 



Bi 

Sxii 

5i. 



n 4 

Antimonii et potassii tart. 

Sal Carolini factitii 

Pulv. anisi 

Pulv. glycyrrhizae aa 

Pulv. althaeae et aquae 

q.s. electuarii. 

M. Sig. Paddlefull on 

tongue several times 

daily (v.k.). 

*Antimonii Sulphidum Purificatum (Black Anti- 
mony). Expectorant and tonic. H. & C. 3 2i/^-6 



22 

(10.-25.); Sh. & Sw. gr. 30-75 (2.-5.); D. gr. 1-10 
(0.065-0.6). 

*Antimonium Sulphuratum (Yellow Antimony). 
Use and dosage as black antimony. 

*Antimony Trichlorid (Butter of Antimony). 
Caustic: household remedy in thrush and foot-rot. 
Dilute with 3-4 parts tincture of myrrh. Obsolete. 

*Antiperiostin. A 30% solution of hydrargyri 
iodidi rubri in tincture of cantharides (Frohner). 

Antiphlogistin cf cataplasma kaolini. 

Antipyrina (Antipyrin). Soluble in water. Febri- 
fuge, similar to acetanilid. Specific in acute mus- 
cular and articular rheumatism in dogs. Expensive. 
H. & C. 3 4-5 (15.-20.); Sh. & Sw. 3 1-2 (4.-8.); D. gr. 
4-45 (0.25-3.). Gr. 7i^-30 in 2-5 cc. water per subcutis 
as a febrifuge for a dog. 

Apomorphinae Hydrochloridum (Apomorphin 
Hydrochlorid). Intern., expectorant in dogs in small 
doses, gr. 1/60-1/20 (0.001-0.003) per os every two to 
three hours. Emetic: D. gr. 1/30-1/6 (0.002-0.01); 
Cat, gr. 1/3-3/4 (0.02-0.05). Administer per subcutis. 
Wool-eating in sheep and licking disease in cattle. 
Deteriorates, expensive. 

IJ 1 Permanent solu- 
tion. 

Apomorphinae hy- 

drochloridi gr. iii 

Solve in aq. distil. 3 v 
Ad. acid, hydro- 

chlorici TTt. ii. 

M. 1% apomorphin so- 
lution for subcutaneous 
use. 



I^ 2 

Apomorphinae hy- 

drochlor. gr. viii 

Aq. distil. g i. 

M. Sig. 5 cc. daily for 
cow with licking dis- 
ease (Frohner). 



23 

B 3 

Apomorphinae hy- 

drochloridi gr. 1/6 

Glycerini 3 iiss 

Aquae distil. § iii. 

M. Ft. sol. Sig. Teaspoonful thrice daily for a dog 
with bronchitis. 

Aqua Ammoniae (Ammonia Water). 10% NH3, 
Intern., antacid in tympanitis. C. § V2-I (15.-30.); 
Sh. & Sw. TTi. 15-30. Dilute with 50-100 parts water. 
Value doubtful, not safe. Extern., 10% aqueous solu- 
tion in snake and insect bites. Rubefacient cf lini- 
mentum. 

Aqua Ammoniae Fortior (Stronger Ammonia 
Water). 28% NH.. 

Aqua Amygdalae Amarae (Bitter Almond Water). 
Intern., sedative with morphin in cough; laryngeal 
injection in horses. 



n 1 

Morphinae sul- 

phatis gr. % 

Aq. amygdalae 

amarae 3 iiss 

Mucilagis acaciae § ii. 
M. Ft. sol. 

Sig. Teaspoonful 3-4 
times daily for dog 



I^ 2 
Morphinae sul- 

phatis gr. viii 

Aq. amygdalae 

amarae § iii. 

M. Ft. sol. 

Sig. Intratracheal in- 
jection of 10 cc. once or 
twice daily for horse 



with laryngitis and with painful bronchitis, 

bronchitis. j 

Aqua Hydrogenil Dioxidi (Hydrogen Peroxid; 
H2O2). 3% solution. Extern., for cleansing fistulae, 
deep abscesses, filthy wounds, etc.; weak antiseptic. 
Do not inject into closed cavities. 

*Areca (Areca Nut). Vermifuge, especially in 
the dog. Expulsion of the worms occurs in 3-5 hours, 
follow in 3 hours with a purgative unless expulsion 
has already taken place. Administer in capsules or 



24 

keratin coating for dog, electuary or powder for a 
horse. H. & C. § 3-8 (100.-250.); Foals, 3 21/2- § 2 
(10.-60.); D. 3 1-21/2 (5.-10.); Cat, 3 i/o-l (2.-5.). 

I^ 2 

Pulv. arecae 3 i 

Kamalae 3 iiss 

Olei tlieobromae q.s. 
pilulae No. xxv. 
Sig. Give at one dose 
for a large dog with 
tape-worms (Frohner). 



I^ 1 
Pulv. arecae 3 iiss 

Olei theobromae 

et cerae flavae 

q.s. massa. 
M. Ft. pilulae No. xx. 
Obduce keratino. 
Sig. Give at one dose 
for a dog with tape- 
worms (Frohner). 

*Arecolinum Hydrobromidum (Arecolin Hydro- 
bromid). Intern., laxative in acute laminitis and 
colic, diuretic. Caution in heart weakness, old and 
weak animals. See arecovetrol. H. & C. gr. Vz-l 
(0.03-0.07) per subcutis. In indigestion repeat once 
or twice at intervals of 15-30 minutes. Extern., 
myotic {Vz-1%), contraction begins in about 5 min- 
utes. 

*Arecovetrol. Four capsules (A) each contain- 
ing arecolin gr. l^/^ and nux vomica; four capsules 
(B) each containing veratrin gr. 114 and nux vomica. 
Alternate A and B every 2-3 hours in indigestion in 
cows; diagnostic in traumatic gastritis (condition 
becomes worse). Dose: alternate a capsule of A 
with a capsule of B every 2-3 hours; administer in a 
mucilaginous drench; 8 capsules constitute a treat- 
ment. G. Hailing, Lasdehen, Ostpr., Germany. 

Argenti Nitras (Silver Nitrate). 99.9% AgNOs- 
Soluble in 1 part water. Intern., chronic gastric ca- 
tarrh, chronic diarrhea. H. & C. gr. 5-15 (0.3-1.) ; 
Sh. & Sw. gr. 2-3 (0.12-0.2); D. gr. 1/3-3/4 (0.02-0.05). 
Several times daily in solution, pill, glycerin, or 
clyster (0.1-1% aqueous solution in diarrhea). Ex- 



25 



tern., conjunctivitis 1-2%; otorrhea 1-5%; wounds 
and burns 2-10%; stomatitis 10% applied to ulcers 
with cotton; keratitis 2%. 



I^ 1 
Argenti nitratis gr. 3-6 
Aquae distil. 3 v. 

M. Sig. Eye antiseptic. 

I^ 3 

Argenti nitratis gr. viii 
Aquae § lii. 

M. Sig. Tablespoonful 
every 3 hours for calf 
with diarrhea (Schleg). 



IJ 2 

Argenti nitratis gr. viii 
Alcoholis B viii. 

M. For otorrhea. 

B 4 
Argenti nitratis 3 iss 
Kaolini B vi 

Aquae q.s. satis. 
M. Ft. pilulae No. vii. 
Sig. 2 pills daily for 
horse with diarrhea 
(Frohner). 



Argenti Nitras Fusus (Lunar Caustic). 94.8% 
AgNOa in cones or pencils. Extern., caustic on un- 
healthy granulations, ulcers, etc. 

Argenti Nitras Mitigatus (Mitigated Silver Ni- 
trate). 33.3%. Extern., in pencils or cones where 
pure lunar caustic is too strong (granular eye-lids). 

*Argentum Colloidale (Collargol). Intern., pur- 
pura, strangles (gr. 7i/i: aqua 50 cc. per vein, Dieck- 
erhoff) ; repeat every 2 hours in severe cases. Re- 
ports in general indicate unsatisfactory or even 
harmful results. 

Argilia cf kaolin. 

Arnica. Dried flower heads. Prep: Tinctura 
Arnicae. Stimulant in sprains and bruises, too irri- 
tating for broken skin. Intern., household remedy of 
doubtful value. 

Arseni Trioxidum (Arsenic Trioxid; White Ar- 
senic). AS0O3. Intern., alterative and tonic in chronic 
intestinal catarrh, emaciation, chronic dyspnea, 



26 



anemia, rachitis, osteomalacia; vermifuge; large 
doses for papillomatosis. Daily dose: H. & C. gr. 
10-15 (0.6-1.); Sh. & Sw. gr. 1-2 (0.065-0.13); D. gr. 
1/20-1/4 (0.003-0.016). As a vermifuge in horse the 
dose may be increased three times. Pkepaeations: 
Liquor Acidi Arsenosi. 1% solution. Liquor Potassii 
Arsenitis (Fowler's Solution). 1% Solution H. & C. 
3 1/2-2 (15.-60.); Colts 3 months, 1-2 tablespoonfuls 
per day; Sh. & Sw. TU- 15-75 (1.-5.); D. Til. 2-10 
(0.13-0.6) ; Cats and Fowls, TTl- 1-2. Atoxy!. An or- 
ganic compound containing 25-35% arsenic; white 
powder. Intern., surra, dourine, nagana, infectious 
anemia, trypanosomes and spirochetes in general. 
Value doubtful. Dose per subcutis: 1/10 the 1% 
solutions of arsenic. 



I^ 2 
Arseni trioxidi 
Acaciae aa. 

Aq. com. q.s. pasta. 
M. Sig. For warts and 
small tumors. 



n 1 
Sal Carolini factitii 
Calcii hydroxidi 

aa § viii 

Arseni trioxidi 3 iv. 
M. Sig. Tablespoonful 
2-3 times per day in 
feed for heaves. 

I^ 3 
Liq. acidi arsenosi 
Liq. strychninae 

(1%) aa 
Tinct. ferri. chlo- 

ridi 
Glycerin! q.s. 
M. Sig. Tablespoonful 
2-3 times daily as tonic 
for horse. 

Asafoetida (Asafetida). Intern., antispasmodic in 
colic and convulsions. H. & C. § V2-I (15.-30.); D. gr. 
71/^-30 (0.5-2.). Extern., tincture to prevent feather 
pulling, licking bandages, etc. 



E v-vi 

§ ii-iv 
Oi. 



n 4 

Sal Carolini factitii 
Pulv. nucis vomi- 
cae aa 5 viii 
Pulv. sinapis § iv 
Arseni trioxidi 3 ii. 
M. Sig. Tablespoonful 
thrice daily for bowel 
catarrh or rectal worms 
in a horse. 



27 

Tinct. asafoetidae 

Tinct. Valerianae 

Spiritus aetheris aa 3 iv. 

M. Sig. Tablespoonful hourly in a bottle of water for 

a horse with spasmodic colic. 

Asp id i urn (Filix Mas; Male Fern). The dried 
rhizome. Claimed to be our most useful remedy for 
tape-worm. H. & C. § 3-8 (100.-250.) ; Sh. & Sw. I 1-2 
(30.-60.); D. 3 1-4 (5.-15.); Cat, gr. 15-30 (1.-2.). Ad- 
minister in pill or electuary after a fast. Prep: 
Oleoresina Aspidii. Dose: D., large, Hi. 30-75 (2.-5.), 
small, ni. 8-15 (0.5-1.); Cat, ill. 3-8 (0.2-0.5). Best ad- 
ministered in capsules. Follow with a laxative in 
2-4 hours: ol. ricini ^ 1-2, or administer in castor oil, 
through a stomach-tube if necessary, on an anes- 
tnetized stomach (1-2 grains of cocain in 10-20 drops 
water). See I^ 5 pg. 9. 

*Aspirinum (Aspirin) cf acidum acetyl-salicyli- 
cum. 

*Atoxyl cf arseni trioxidi. 

Atropina cf belladonna. 

*Bacillol cf cresol. 

*Bactero! cf cresol. 

Balsamum Copaiba cf copaiba. 

Baisamum Peruvianum (Balsam of Peru). Ex- 
tern., parasiticide in mange (10% alcoholic solution, 
or in ointment) ; promotes healing of badly granu- 
lating wounds. Intern., stimulant expectorant in 
bronchitis. H. & C. 3 21/2-6 (10.-25.); Sh. & Sw. gr. 
15-75 (1.5.); D. gr. 2-15 (0.13-1.); Cat, gr. 2-8 
(0.13-0.5). 



28 



I^ 1 
Baisami Peruviani 3 iss. 
Ft. capsulae gelatinae 
No. X. 

Sig. One capsule daily 
for bronchitis or cysti- 
tis in dog. 



IJ 2 

Baisami Peruvi- 
ani Gm. 80 

Ichthyoli Gm. 20 

Oleoresinae as- 

pidii Gm. 50 

Creolini Gm. 50 

Alcoholis 70% Gm. 500. 

M. Sig. For mange in 

dog (Miller). 



I^ 3 

Baisami Peruvi- 
ani nx. XXX 
Petrolati ^ ii. 
M. Ft. ung. Sig. For 
wounds, scabs on teats, 
etc. 

*Barii Chloridum (Barium Chlorid). Intern., 
stimulates peristalis. Colic in large horse per os 
3 11/2-3 (6.-12.); C. 3 1-3 (5.-12.); per vein for large 
horse gr. 7i/^-15 (0.5-1.). Give in divided doses, 4-8 
grains in 10 cc. warm water, repeat in 15 minutes. 
Contraindicated in heart weakness, weak or aged 
animals. Caution with dose! Antidote: atropin, 
sodium sulphate per os or vein. 

Sodii sulphatis B i 

Barii chloridi 3 ii 

Glycyrrhizae et aq. 
com. q.s. elect, or boli. 
M. Sig. For a cow with 
atony of the rumen. 

Belladonnae Folia. 0.35% alkaloids (atropin). 
Intern., excitant in small doses: poisoning with 
arecolin, barium; useful in shock, collapse, pulmo- 
nary edema, pneumonia, and heat stroke. Sup- 
presses abnormal salivation, sweating, polyuria. 
Antispasmodic: colic, tetanus, cough, bronchitis, 



29 



dyspnea. Suppresses symptoms of heaves. Caution 
in comMnation with morphin (paralysis of bowel 
with decreased secretions and death). H. & C. 5 2-8 
(8.-30.); Sh. & Sw. gr. 10-20 (0.65-1.3); D. gr. 2-5 
(0.13-0.3), Preparations: Tinctura Belladonnae Foli- 
orum. 0.035% alkaloids. H. & C. 3 4-8 (15.-30.); Sh. 
& Sw. 3 1-2 (4.-8.); D. 111. 15-30 (1.-2.). Extractum 
Belladonnae Foliorum. 1.4% alkaloids. H. & C. gr. 
45-75 (3.-5.). Fluidextr actum Belladonnae Radicis. 
0.5% alkaloids. H. & C. 3 1-2 (4.-8.); Sh. & Sw. TTl. 
10-15 (0.65-1.); D. "ni. 1-3 (0.06-0.2). Atropinae Sul- 
phas. H. & C. gr. 14-1/2 (0.016-0.03); Sh. & Sw. gr. 
1/6-1/4 (0.01-0.016); D. gr. 1/24-1/12 (0.0027-0.005). 
Per subcutis. Extern., to dilate pupil for examina- 
tion of the eye, to paralyze accommodation in oph- 
thalmia, and to prevent adhesions in iritis. 1-2% 
atropin sulphate. F. Ext. and Extract are useful in 
allaying peripheral irritation, see linimentum. 



B 1 

Strychninae sulphatis 
Atropinae sul- 
phatis aa gr. ss 
Aquae distil. 5 iiss. 
M. Ft. sol. 

Sig. Per subcutis for a 
horse with heart weak- 
ness (edema of lungs, 
overexertion). 



B 2 

Strychninae sul- 
phatis 

Digitalini 
manici 

Atropinae 
phatis 

Aquae 



Ger- 
sul- 



gr. VI 

gr. ix 

gr. ii 
^ ii. 

M. Sig. 5 cc. per subcu- 
tis in circulatory de- 
pression in horse and 
cow; 1/^ cc. for large 
dog. 



30 



H 


3 




Pulv. 


ferri sul- 




phatis 


E viii 


Pulv. 


camphorae 


§iv 


Pulv. 


belladonnae 




fol. 




E iv 


Arseni trioxidi 


3v. 


M. S 


ig. Teaspoonful 2-3 


times 


daily for 


horse 


with 


heaves. 





n 4 

Pulv. juniperi § iii 

Amrnonii chloridi 
Potassii aceta- 

tis aa S iss 

Pulv. belladonnae 

fol. § iii. 

M. Ft. chart. No. xii. 
Sig. One powder 3-4 
times daily for nasal 
I catarrh in a horse. 

Benzoinum (Benzoin). Gum resin. Prepara- 
tions: Acidum Benzoicum. Extern: as balsam of 
Peru in mange, etc. Intern., urinary antiseptic in 
cystitis; stimulant expectorant in bronchial ca- 
tarrh, and pneumonia of dog distemper (gr. i/^-3). 
Sodii Benzoas. Useful in pharyngitis. H. «& C. 3 
1/2-8 (2.-30.); Sh. & Sw. gr. 10-60 (0.65-4.); D. gr. 
3-10 (0.2-0.65). Tinctura Benzoini. 20% benzoin. 
H. & C. B V2-I (15.-30.); Sh. & Sw. 3 1-3 (4.-12.); D. 
TTL. 30-60 (2.-4.). Tinctura Benzoini Composita. Ex- 
tern., wounds, scratches (alone or with 4 parts 
glycerin); inhalation in bronchitis, etc. (1:100). In- 
tern: chronic bronchitis. Dose: as tincture. 

Acidi benzoici gr. xxx 

Sacchari 3 x. 

M. Ft. chart. No. x. 

Sig. 1-3 powders daily for a dog with bronchitis. 

Betanaphthoi (Naphthol). Resembles naph- 
thalin. Extern., germicide in parasitic skin diseases 
(ringworm, scabies). Alcoholic solution, or in oint- 
ment (1:10-20). Very toxic for cats. Intern., intes- 
tinal antiseptic and vermifuge. Too toxic for gen- 
eral use, action similar to phenol. Daily dose: 
H. & C. 3 1 (5.); D. gr. 8 (0.5); Cat, gr. s^.ii/g 
(0.05-0.1). 



31 

*Bismuthi Dithiosalicylas (Thioform). Substi- 
tute for iodoform in moist eczema. In otorrhea after 
using alcoholic sublimate. 

*Bismuthl lodosubagallas (Airol). Antiseptic as 
powder (alone or with talc and starch), ointment, 
or paste. Airol paste is a very useful protectant as 
substitute for bandage over small sutured wound. 

R 1 
Airoli 
Glycerini 
Mucilag. acaciae 

aa 3 i 

Kaolini 3 ii. 

M. Ft. pasta = Airol paste. 

*Bismuthi Subgallas (Dermatol). Extern., 

wounds, moist eczema. Use alone, with talcum or 
amylum (1:5). Burns and abrasions in 10-20% oint- 
ment. Substitute for iodoform; not superior to 
subnitrate. 

Ii 1 
Dermatol 10 

Amyli 60 

Talci 30. 

M. Dermatol powder 
(Schindelka). 

Bismuthi Subnitras (Bismuth Subnitrate). In- 
tern., antiseptic astringent; protectant after laxa- 
tive in catarrhal diarrhea; useful in combination 
with salol; antiemetic with hydrocyanic acid. Daily 
dose: C. 3 21/2-4 (10.-15.); H. 3 1-4 (5.-15.); Sh. & Sw. 
3 1/2-1 (2.-4.); D. gr. 5-30 (0.3-2.); Cat, gr. 5-8 (0.3-0.5). 
Extern., antiseptic as powder, ointment, or paste. 



32 

I^ 1 
Bismuthi subni- 

tratis 3 ss 

Salol 3 i 

Morphinae sul- 

phatis gr. i. 

M. Ft. chart. No. vi. 
Sig. One powder thrice daily for a dog with diarrhea. 

*Black Antimony cf antimonii sulphidum. 

* Black Wash cf hydrargyri chloridura mite. 

Bloodroot cf sanguinaria. 

Blue Ointment cf hydrargyrum. 

Blue Stone cf cupri sulphas. 

Blue Vitriol cf cupri sulphas. 

Bolus Alba cf kaolin. 

^Bolus Armena (Red Bole). Coloring for pow- 
ders. 

Borax cf sodii boras. 

*Bovovaccine. Suspension of human tubercle 
bacilli. Does not establish complete or permanent 
immunity against tuberculosis. 

Brandy cf alcohol. 

*Bryonia. Drastic hydragogue cathartic. Rarely 
used. 

Buchu. Leaves of Barosma Betulina. Intern., 
feeble diuretic in cystitis, frequent urination, etc. 
H. & C. B 1-2 (30.-60.); Sh. «& Sw. 3 %-l (2.-4.); D. 
gr. 5-30 (0.3-2.). Prep: Fluidextr actum Buchu: 
uses and dose as buchu. 

Buckthorn cf frangula. 

*Burgundy Pitch cf pix Burgundica. 

*Burrow''s Solution cf alumen. 

*Butter of Antimony cf antimony trichlorid. 

Cacao Butter cf oleum theobromatis. 



33 

*Cactin. Active principle of cactus. Circula- 
tory stimulant, substitute for digitalis, reports con- 
tradictory. Forms: * Cactin; Fluid Extract. 

Caffeina (Caffein). Soluble in 80 parts water. 
Intern., to stimulate heart, respiration, brain and 
cord. Inferior to digitalis in valvular insufficiency, 
superior in exhaustion insufficiency (pneumonia, 
septicemia); diuretic; antidote in chloroform and 
narcotic poisoning. Combine with atropin in acute 
pulmonary edema (per subcutis). Administer caf- 
fein and the citrate in pills or electuary, others per 
subcutis (soluble). H. & C. 3 1-2 (5.-8.); D., large, 
gr. 8-30 (0.5-2.); small, gr. %-8 (0.1-0.5). Prepara- 
tions: *Caffeinae Sodii-henzoas N. F. *Gaffeinae 
Sodio-salicylas N. F. 45%. Soluble in 2 parts warm 
water. Dose: double caffein. Caffeina Citrata. 50% 
caffein. Dose: double caffein. 

I5L 1 \ n 2 

Caffeinae sodio- ' Caffeinae 3 vi 



Pulv. althaeae S ii 

Aq. com. q.s. massa. 
M. Ft. boli No. vi. 
Sig. One bolus twice 
daily for a horse with 
heart weakness. 



salicylatis 3 i 

Aquae distil. 3 v. 

Sig. Subcutaneous in- 
jection for a horse with 
pneumonia, or a cow 
with parturient paresis. 

B 3 
Caffeinae sodio-salicy- 

latis 
Pulv. sacchari aa gr. xl. 
M. Ft. chart. No. v. 
Sig. One powder daily 
for a dog with ascites. 

*Calamin cf zinci carbonas. 

Calcii Carbonas Praecipitatus (Calcium Car- 
bonate; Chalk; CaCOa). Intern., antacid; mild 
astringent (diarrhea) ; rachitis in the young. H. & C. 



3 1^-2 (15.-60.); Foals and Calves, 3 2i^-5 (10.-20.) 
daily; Lambs, Pigs, and Dog, 3 i/^-2i4 (2.-10.) per day 
in food. Extern., desiccant in eczema and chafing, 

Calcii Chloridum (Calcium Chlorid; CaCL). In- 
tern., hemostatic in purpura, hemophilia, and inter- 
nal hemorrhage. Value doubtful. H. & C. 3 1-2 
(4.-8.); Sh. & Sw. gr. 8-30 (0.5-2.); D. gr. 1-10 
(0.065-0.6). 

*CaIcii lodidum (lodid of Lime). Calcidin (Ab- 
bott). H. & C. 3 1/^-1 (2.-4.); Sh. & Sw. gr. 5-10 
(0.3-0.6); D. gr. 1-3 (0.065-0.2). Very useful in con- 
gestion or edema of upper air passages, give freely 
and often in hot water. 

*Calcii Lactas (Calcium Lactate). Uses and 
dosage as calcii chloridi. Soluble and non-irritating, 
may be given per subcutis. 

Calcii Phosphas Praecipitatus (Calcium Phos- 
phate). Intern., bone diseases and disturbed nutri- 
tion when the food is deficient in lime salts; of 
doubtful value in rachitis and osteomalacia. Licking 
disease; antacid. Dose: as calcii carbonas. 

Calomel cf hydrargyri chloridum mite. 

Calumba. Stomachic for prolonged use in atony 
of the stomach and diarrhea; combine with nux. 
H. & C. g 1/2-1 (15.-30.); Sh. & Sw. 3 1-2 (4.-8.); D. 
gr. 5-30 (0.3-2.). 

Calx (Quicklime; Lime; CaO) . Germicide. De- 
odorizer. Caustic. Stable Disinfectant: milk of 
lime 1:2 for whitewash; 1:20 for floors, gutters, etc.; 
add liquor cresolis compositus, or phenol (1-5%) for 
active germicide. Sprinkle on cadavers and excreta. 
Extern., Potassa Cum Calce (Vienna Paste), equal 
parts lime and caustic potash, in canker, small tu- 
mors, etc. *Calcii Hydras (Slaked Lime). Desic- 



35 

cant and antiseptic powder alone, or with equal parts 
charcoal, in wounds, eczema, lice on hens, etc. Use- 
ful in "heave powders." H. & C. 3 1-2 (4.-8.); Sh. & 
Sw. gr. 10-30 (0.6-2.); D. gr. 3-10 (0.2-0.6). Liquor 
Calcis (Lime Water). Saturated aqueous solution of 
calcii hydras. Intern., V4.-V2 of milk for young in 
diarrhea; clyster in pin-worms; antidote in acid 
poisoning; lime water and gentian in "scours" for 
calves. H. & C. 8 2-3 (60.-90.); Sh. & Sw. 3 2-8 
(8.-30.); D. 3 2-6 (8.-25.); Calves, § 2 (60.). 

B 1 

Calcii hydroxidi 
Sal Carolini fac- 

titii aa 5 viii 

Arseni trioxidi 3 v. 

M. Sig. Tablespoonf ul thrice daily in feed in chronic 
bronchitis, heaves, etc. 

Calx Chlorinata (Chlorinated Lime; "Chlorid of 
Lime"; Ca(C10)o+CaCL.). 30% chlorine. Germi- 
cide. Deodorizer. Disinfectant. Stable Disinfec- 
tion: 1:3-20, uncertain in tuberculosis and glanders. 
Very efficient in combination with phenol leaving an 
objectionable and persistent odor. Extern., 1-10% in 
wounds, ulcers, etc.; powder or paste in canker; 5% 
aqueous solution in foot-rot. 

Cambogia (Gamboge). Drastic cathartic. H. § 
%-l (15.-30.); C. § 1-11/2 (30.-45.); Sh. & Sw. 3 Va-l 
(2.-4.); D. gr. 3-15 (0.2-1.). 

Camphora (Camphor). Soluble in 1 part alcohol, 
4 parts olive oil, V4, chloroform, 2 turpentine. Intern., 
circulatory stimulant in pneumonia and septicemia 
(per subcutis) ; carminative in colic (per os) ; anti- 
pyretic. H. & C. 3 1-3 (5.-15.) ; D., gr. 71/2-30 (0.5-2.) ; 
Cat, gr. 2-8 (0.13-0.5). In pills, emulsion, or suspen- 
sion. *Linimentum Camphorae Forte (1 : // of olive 



36 

oil) per subcutis: 10 times the dose of camphor. 2-ff 
S daily in 2-lwitr intervals in severe septicemia and 
pneumonia. Extern., rubefacient in sprains, bruises, 
and phlegmons; dusting-powder (camphor 3 1-2; 
starch and zinc oxid aa B V2) • Preparations : Liiii- 
mentuvi (1:4 cottonseed oil); Spiritus (1 : 10 alco- 
hol). Frohner's Camphor Bandage, used in lymphan- 
gitis, etc.: apply from the coronet to the stifle a 
layer of cotton; cover with a layer of gauze; saturate 
with spirits of camphor; enclose both in imperme- 
able material, and hold all in position with wide 
bandages of cotton cloth. At frequent intervals in- 
ject spirits of camphor beneath the bandage. Action 
supported with arecolin per subcutis. Camphor 
bandage also used in suppurative tendovaginitis 
(free incision, irrigation, bandage). See alcohol 
bandage. 

^ 1 

Aetheris 3 iiss 

Lin. camph. fort. S i. 

M. Sig. Per subcutis in 4 doses for a horse with con- 
tagious pleuropneumonia. 

IJ 2 

Camphorae trit. 5 

Adipis 50. 

M. Ft. unguent. 
Sig. For mastitis (Bang). 

Cannabis Indica (Indian Hemp; Hashish). In- 
tern., narcotic in colic, to quiet nervous horses in 
minor operations, hobbling, in chloroform narcosis, 
etc. Prep: Fluidextractum Cannabis Indicae. H. & C. 
3 2-6 (8.-24.); Sh. & Sw. Til. 15-60 (1.-4.); D. TTL. 3-10 
(0.2-0.6). Per os. H. 3 1-2 per vein. 

Cantharis (Cantharides; Spanish Flies). Vesi- 
cant with 2-6 parts adeps, etc. Preparations: Tine- 



37 

tiira Cantharidis (10%). Extern., rubefacient in 
sprains; alopecia (1:5-10 alcohol) ; promotes growth 
of hoof when applied at coronet. See linimentum, 
and antiperiostin. Intern., aphrodisiac. Daily dose: 
C. 3 5 (20.); H. 3 21/2 (10.); Sh. & Sw. 3 1/2 (2.); D. 
TT],. 4-15 (0.25-1.0). *Oleum Cantharidatum (canthar- 
ides 3, olive oil 10). *Oleum Cantharidatum Gomposi- 
tum (cantharidis 2, eiiphorbii 1, ol. lini 25, ol. tereb. 
5; mix and let stand for several days). Collodium 
Cantharidatum (60%). Counterirritant in tendo- 
vaginitis, periostitis, wind-puffs, etc. 



n 1 


I^ 2 




Cantharidis 


Picis Burgundicae 




Adipis 


Resinae aa 


Hiv 


01. olivae aa 2 


Cerae flavae 


Biii 


M. After 10 hours add: 


01. olivae 


Bxi 


Cerae flavae 


Cantharidis 


B vi 


Euphorbii aa 1 


Euphorbii 


5ii. 


Terebinthinae 2. 


M. Ft. unguentum. 




M. Ft. Unguentum Can- 


Sig. Spavin blister. 




tharidum pro usu vet- 






erinario G. P. 






n 3 


n 4 




Cantharidis 


Cantharidis 




Terebinthinae aa 1 


Hydrargyri iodidi 




Adipis 4. 


rubri aa 


3ii 


M. Ft. unguentum. 


Petrolati 

M. Ft. unguentum. 


B ii- 



IJ 5 

01. picis liquidae 8 
Cantharidis 1. 

M. Sig. For periostitis, 
apply weekly with a 
brush. 

Capsicum (Cayenne Pepper). Intern., carmina- 
tive, stomachic; stimulant in gastric catarrh, indi- 
gestion, ana tympany. C. 3 21/2-5 (10.-20.); H. 3 l-2i^ 



38 

(5.-10.); Sh. & Sw. gr. 15-75 (1.-5.); D. gr. 11/2-2 
(0.1-0.2). Preparations: F. E. Capsicum. Dose: as 
capsicum. Tinctura: H. 3 2-4 (8.-16.); C. 5 1 (30.); 
Sh. & Sw. 3 1-2 (4.-8.); D. T^. 10-40 (1.-3.). Extern., 
rubefacient in sprains, stasis, pleurisy, etc. 

B 1 

Tincturae cantharidis 
Tinct. capsici 
Alcoholis aa. 10. 

M. Sig. For alopecia 
areata. 

Carbo Animalls (Animal Charcoal). Absorbent 
and desiccant: alone, with boric acid, or air slaked 
lime. 

Carbo Llgni (Wood Charcoal). Used as carbo 
animalis. 

Carbolic Acid cf phenol. 

Carbonei Disuiphidum (Carbon Disulphid; CSJ. 
Intern., anthelmintic for larvae of estrus equi (bots). 
Diet and give laxative on previous day; at 6 a. m. 
and at one-hour intervals give 3 2-3 in gelatin cap- 
sules until 4 doses have been given. Larvae are dis- 
charged in 24 hours. 

*Carisbad Salts cf sodii sulphas, and sal Caro- 
linum factitium. 

Cascara Sagrada cf rhamnus purshiana. 

Castor Oil cf oleum ricini. 

Cataplasma Kaolin! ("Antiphlogistin"). Kaolin 
57.5, glycerin 37.5, boric acid 4.5, thymol 0.5, ol. pep- 
permint 0.5, methyl salicylate 2. Poultice for appli- 
cation of heat in pharyngitis, acute tendinitis, 
sprains, etc. 

*Catechu cf gambir which replaces catechu. 



39 

*Catnip (Cataria). Antihysteric. Odor causes 
excitement in cats. 

*Caustic Balsam cf linimentum tiglii. 

Caustic Potash cf sodii hydroxidum. 

Cera Alba (White Wax). Cera Flava (Yellow 
Wax). 

Ceratum (Cerate). White wax 3, white petrol- 
atum 2, benzoinated lard 5. Used to increase solidity 
of ointments, protect normal skin from discharges, 
and protect abraded or irritable surfaces. 

Chalk cf calcii carbonas. 

Chamomile cf anthemis. 

Chimaphila (Pipsissewa). Use: as uva ursi. 

Chloralum Hydratum (Chloral Hydrate). In- 
tern., narcotic and antispasmodic in colic, epilepsy, 
eclampsia, tenesmus in prolapsus uteri etc.; sedative 
in nervous horses for minor operations and hobbles 
(curare effect on muscles) ; best antidote in strychnin 
poisoning; claimed to have no effect on action of 
arecolin or eserin. Narcosis per rectum for opera- 
tion: chloral § 4, gum arable gr. 75, aqua distil. 3 
quarts. Sedative: H. & C. § 1-2 (30.-60.); Sh. & Sw. 
3 1-21/2 (4.-10.); D. gr. 8-75 (0.5-5.). Administer in 
mucilaginous drink, or in bolus. Fatal dose: H. 3 
5-6. Extern., add to iodoform in pruritus. 

*Chloral Camphoratum N. F. Equal parts 
chloral and camphor. 30-60 grains to 1 H water or 
petrolatum in pruritus. 

*Chloretone. Local anesthetic in painful wounds 
and burns. Saturated aqueous solution; 10% oint- 
ment; or 1-5% in starch as dusting-powder. 

Chloroformum. Intern,, carminative with ol. ri- 
cini 1:10 in colic; narcotic in eclampsia and tetanic 



40 



spasms (inhalation). H. & C. § 1-2 (30.-60.); Sh. & 
Sw. 3 1-21^ (4.-10.); D. TTt. 8-60 (0.5-4.). Narcosis per 
inhalation for operations on H. & C. (prolapsus uteri). 
Extern., rubefacient, combine with acetic acid for 
analgesic effect. See linimentum. 



B 1 

Chloroform! 3 i 

Syrupi 3 ii. 

M. Sig. Tablespoonful 
doses for eclampsia in 
dog. 



I^ 2 
Chloroform! 
01. olivae aa. 

M. Oleum Chloroform- 
um for orchitis. 



Chrysarobinum (Chrysarobin). Extern., eczema, 
ringworm. Ointment, or alcoholic solution 10%. 

Cinchona (Cinchona Bark). Used mainly for 
astringent effect of tannin, other drugs better. H. 
3 21/2-6 (10.-25.); C. a 1-2 (30.-60.); Sh. & Sw. 3 l-2i^ 
(5.-10.); D. gr. 30-75 (2.-5.). See quinina. 

Cocainae Hydrochloridum (Cocain). Extern., 
anesthetic on mucous membranes 5%; in eye-wash 
1%; per subcutis for circumscribed anesthesia 1-5% 
(do not exceed 3-5 grains). Diagnostic in lameness 
2-5%. Pruritus 1-10% ointment. 



I^ 1 
Cocainae hydrochlo- 

ridi gr. % 

Zinci oxidi 

01. olivae aa 3 iiss. 
M. Ft. unguentum. 
Sig. Externally for dog. 



R 2 

Cocainae hydrochlo- 

ridi gr. iss 

Solut. adrenalin 
hydrochlor. 1:1000 Tix.xv 
Aq. distil. § ii. 

M. Sig. Local anesthe- 
sia for subcutaneous 
use. 



Codeinae Sulphas (Codein). Anesthetic. Best 
cough remedy for dogs causing neither diarrhea or 
constipation. D. gr. 1/2-1 (0.03-0.065). 



41 



I^ 1 
Codeinae sul- 

phatis gr, iss 

Sodii bromidi 3 iiss 
Aq. distil. S iii. 

M. Sig. Teaspoonful 
twice daily in nervous 
type of dog distemper. 



n 2 

Codeinae sulphatis gr. x 
Aq. amygd. amarae 3 v. 
M. Sig. 10 drops thrice 
daily for a dog with 
bronchitis. 



I^ 3 

Codeinae sul- 
phatis gr. ivss 
Syrupi althaeae 3 iiss 
Aquae distil. S v. 

M. Sig. Teaspoonful every three hours for a dog with 
a cough. 

*Coliargol cf argenti colloidale. 

Collodium Flexile (Collodion). Extern., protective 
for fissures and abrasions (teats). Use alone or 
combine with antiseptics, astringents, etc. First dry 
the part with alcohol. Useful to retain small cotton 
packs, or protect small sutured wounds. 

Coipcynthis (Colocynth). Drastic cathartic, 
poison and uncertain in horse and sheep. Sw. 3 2 
(8.); D. gr. Ti/s-SO (0.5-2.). 

Conium. Depressant. Superfluous drug used 
empirically in the past. 

Copaiba (Copaiva; Balsam Copaiba). Yellowish- 
brown viscid liquid. Intern., expectorant and diu- 
retic in bronchitis, dropsy, and cystitis. Action and 
use similar to turpentine. H. 3 2i/^-6 (10.-25.); C. B 
1-2 (30.-60.); Sh. 3 1-21/2 (5.-10.); Sw. 3 Vs-l (2.-4.); 
D. gr. 71/2-30 (0.5-2.). 

Copper cf cupri. 

Corrosive Sublimate cf hydrargyrum chloridum 
corrosivum. 



42 



Cottonseed Oil cf oleum gossypii seminis. 

*Creolinum (Creolin). See cresol. 25-50% cresol 
emulsion. Creolin-Pearson, Izal, Cresolin. Extern., 
disinfectant: wounds 2%; operations 1% (hemo- 
static); vagina and uterus V2-l%', clyster %%; 
stable disinfectant 3%; eczema 10-20% spiritus, or 
2-10% ointment; otorrhea 1-2% alcoholic solution. 
Intern., intestinal antiseptic, antiferment, stomachic; 
useful in tympany, diarrhea, or rectal worms (V2% 
clyster) ; i/^-l B daily in chronic gastro-intestinal ca- 
tprrh in H. & C; calf diarrhea 3 1 in § 8 cold water 
thrice daily; colic %-l § in capsules or emulsion. 
H. & C. S 1/2-1 (15.-30.) ; Sh. & Sw. 3 1-21/2 (5.-10.) ; D. 
111. 8-30 (0.5-2.); Fowl, ITL. I1/2-4 (0.1-0.25). Admin- 
ister in capsules, emulsion, or electuary. Inhalation 
m bronchitis; thin slightly with water and vaporize 
over a single burner oil stove, or throw hot bricks or 
irons into a 3-5% solution. 



^ 1 

Creolini 3 iv 

Aq. com. O 1. 

M. Sig. Tablespoonful 
twice daily for diarrhea 
in pigs. 



IJ 2 
Creolini 

Alcoholis aa i 

Sapo mollis v. 

M. Sig. Frohner's creo- 
lin liniment for mange. 



Creosotum (Creosote). Guiacol 60% and cresol 
from wood. Intern., stimulant expectorant in bron- 
chitis, pneumonia, cough, putrefaction in bronchi; 
intestinal antiseptic. H. & C. 3 1-4 (5.-15.); Sh. & 
Sw. lU. 15-30 (1.-2.); D. -Pl. %-3 (0.05-0.2); Fowl, 
TTt. 1/6-3/4 (0.01-0.05). Administer in capsule, bolus 
or electuary. Vermifuge in stomach-worms: lambs 
4-12 months § 2-4 of 1% solution of coal-tar creosote; 
sheep 3 3-5. In drench. Lung-worms : creosoti 20, ol. 
olivae 100. M. Sig. Inject 5 cc. into the trachea in 
sheep and calves; repeat 3-4 times at 4-day intervals. 



43 



Extern., pruritus and chronic eczema (10% oint- 
ment) ; hemostatic in parenchymatous hemorrhage 
(5% alcoholic or glycerin solution) ; antiseptic in 
thrush and scratches (5-10% alcoholic solution). 



I^ 1 
Creosoti 3 v 



n 2 

Hydrargyri chloridi 



Pulv. glycyrrhizae corrosivi 2 



Pulv. althaeae aa 5 ii 
Aq. com, q.s. sat. 
M. Ft. pilulae No. iii. 
Sig. One daily for a 
horse with fetid bron- 



Creosoti 5 

Alcoholis dil. 
Glycerin! aa 100. 

M. Sig. For heat erup- 
tion in a horse 



chitis (Frohner). \ (Schlampp). 

Cresol (Pure Cresoi; Cresylic Acid). Sol. in 60 
parts water. A mixture of cresols (meta, ortho, and 
para) freed from phenol, and water. Germicide. An- 
tiseptic. Deodorizer. About 3 times the strength of 
phenol but less toxic. Surgery 1%; mucous mem- 
branes 1/4%; excreta 1^/^%; walls and clothing i/^-l%. 
* Tricresol. Compound of the 3 cresols, soluble in 
water. Liquor Cresolis Compositus. 50% pure cresol 
in linseed oil soap. Practically identical with lysol. 
*Crude Cresol (Crude Carbolic Acid). Preparations 
containing 25-50% cresols in emulsion: Creolin- 
Pearson, izal, cresolin. Preparations containing 
25-50 cresols in solution: lysol, bacterol, bacillol. 

Creta Praeparata cf calcii carbonas. 

*Cupri Oleas (Oleate of Copper). Indolent ul- 
cers, unhealthy granulations, mange in cats and dogs. 
10-20% ointment. 

Cupri Sulphas (Copper Sulphate; Blue Vitriol). 
Intern., astringent and vermifuge. H. & C. 3 i/^-3 
(2.-12.); D. gr. %-iy2, (0.05-0.1). Stomach-worms in 
sJieep: fast the sheep 24 hours, dissolve 1 lb. copper 
sulphate in 5 quarts water. Dose: age 3 months 3 6; 



44 

6 mo. 3 12; 12 mo. 3 18; 18 mo. 3 24; 24 mo. 3 25 
(Stiles). Extern., caustic in ulcers and fistulae 
(cones) ; antiseptic in granular conjunctivitis and 
ulcerative cornea (1%); antiseptic in foot-rot (10%). 

Cusso (Kousso; Brayera). Anthelmintic, pow- 
erful taeniacide when fresh, purge unless action oc- 
curs in 6-8 hours. Sh. & Sw. 3 %-2 (15.-60.); Lambs, 
3 1-2 (4.-8.); D. 3 2-6 (8.-25.). In suspension or pills. 

Dermatol cf bismuth subgallas. 

Digitalis (Foxglove). Dried Leaves. Cardiant 
in heart diseases (small daily doses every alternate 
week) ; cardiant and antipyretic in heart exhaustion 
(acute infectious diseases, pneumonia, bronchitis, 
azoturia, collapse) ; diuretic in cardiac dropsy only. 
Cardiant: H. & C. gr. 30-75 (2.-5.); D. gr. %-3 
(0.05-0.2); Cat, gr. %-iy2 (0.05-0.1); Fowl, gr. li-% 
(0.016-0.05). Action in about 12 hours after admini- 
stration. Antipyretic: H. & C. 3 1-2% (5.-10.); D. 
gr. 3-71/2 (0.2-0.5); Cat, gr. IVs-S (0.1-0.2). Minimum 
fatal dose in horse: 1 (25.) at one dose, or divided 
during three days, cumulative (Frohner). Prepara- 
tions: Tinctura Digitalis. Dose: 5 times the leaves. 
Fluidextractum Digitalis. Dose: as leaves. Infusum 
Digitalis (1:67). Used mainly for diuretic effect. 
H. & C. § 2-6 (60.-180.) ; Sh. & Sw. g 1/2-1 (15.-30.) ; 
D. TTL. 5-30 (0.3-2.). *Digalen (Soluble Digitoxin-Clo- 
etta). In acute heart failure, shock, and collapse 
(pxtion in 1/2 hour). Dose: H. 3 1-4 (5.-15.); C. 3 5-8 
(20.-30.). Per vein or subcutis (very expensive). 
*Digitalinu7n Germaniciim (Purum). Mixture of 
glucocids made from seeds. 50-60% digitonin. Sol- 
uble in water. Dose: H. & C. gr. %-% (0.016-0.03); 
Sh. gr. 1/30-1/10 (0.002-0.006); D. gr. 1/60-1/30 
(0.001-0.002). Per subcutis, or vein. See belladonna 

n 2. 



45 

R 1 , B 2 

Pulv. digitalis gr. xv j Pulv. digitalis 3 iiss 

Sacchari lactis 3 iss j Pulv. althaeae et aquae 

M. Ft. chartulae No. x. q.s. boli No. i. 

Sig. One powder daily Sig. For a horse with 

for a dog with valvular heart weakness in 

disease. pneumonia. 

B 3 

Quininae sulphatis 3 iv 
Aquae § i 

Acidi sulphurici q.s. 

solve et adde 
P. E. digitalis 3 iv. 

M. Sig. One dram every 
2-3 hours for a horse. 

*Diuretinum cf theobromina. 
Dover's Powder cf opium. 

*Echinacea Angustifoiia. Pulverised roots con- 
taining active principle in resin and oleoresin. In- 
tern., alterative and diuretic; useful in influenza, 
blood-poisoning, azoturia and septic metritis (Holter- 
bach) ; highly lauded by some in both veterinary and 
human medicine as a specific in all septicemic and 
pyemic diseases. True value undetermined. H. & C. 
5 1-2 (30.-60.); D. 3 1-2 (4.-8..). 2-3 times daily. Prep: 
Fluidextr actum. Dose: H. & C. 3 2-4 (8.-16.) every 
hour to 4 hours according to the intensity of the 
symptoms. As the drug is relatively non-toxic the 
maximum and minimum dosage varies widely, daily 
doses of a pound of the powdered form are some- 
times given to the horse and cow. 

Epsom Salts cf magnesii sulphas. 

Ergota (Ergot of Rye; Secale Cornutum). Ec- 
boiic to stimulate weak uterine contractions and pro- 
mote expulsion of fetus or fetal membranes; vaso- 
constrictor in internal hem rrhage. C. 3 6-8 (25.-32.) ; 



46 

H. 3 4-6 (15.-25.); Sh. 3 1-21/2 (5.-10.); Sw. 3 Vs-l 
(2.-5.); D. gr. 71/2-30 (0.5-2.). Preparations: Fluidex- 
tractum Ergotae. Most reliable form. Dose: as 
ergot. Extractum Ergotae. H. & C. 3 l-2i^ (5.-10.); 
D. gr. 3-15 (0.2-1.). Per os; dosage per subcutis one- 
half the dose per mouth. ^Ergotin. Unreliable. 

B 1 j IJ 2 

Pulv. ergotae 3 iss Veratrinae sulphatis 3.0 



Piilv. glycyrrhizae 3 vi 
M. Ft. chartulae No. x. 
Sig. Three weekly for 



Strychninae sulph. 2.0 
Ergotinin 0.1 

Glycerini 150.0. 



a horse with heaves. i M. Vergotinine. 

Eserinum cf physostigma. 

Ether cf aether. 

*Eucainum (Betaeucain). Uses and dosage as 
cocain. 

Eucalyptus. Dried leaves. Carminative. H. & C. 
§ 2-3 (60.-100.). Preparations: Fluidextractum 
Eucalypti. Dose: as eucalyptus. Oleum Eucalypti. 
Intern., antiseptic and expectorant in chronic bron- 
chitis. H. & C. 3 1-4 (5.-15.); D. TTt- 5-10. Administer 
p r OS or inhalation several times daily. Extern., 
antiseptic, used against flies (ointment, or oil 
1:5-10). Eucalyptol. Action and uses as oil. See 
menthol. 

*Euphorbiui'n. Active vesicant (1:10-15). Cau- 
tion! Usually combined with cantharides. 

Fel Bovis (Oxgall). Cholagogue. 

Fennel cf foeniculum. 

*Foenum Graecum (Fenugreek). Expectorant in 
catarrh of the larynx and bronchi. H. 5 2i/^-6 
(10.-25.); C. § 1-2 (30.-60.); Sh. 3 1-3 (5.-12.). 



47 

B 1 

Pulv, sem. foenugraeci 

Pulv. anisi aa § iii 

Sodii chloridi § viii. 

M. Sig. One ounce in each feed for a horse with 

strangles (Frohner). 

Ferri Carbonas Saccharatus. 15% ferrous car- 
bonate. Anemia in dogs, gr. 3-30 (0.2-2.). 

Ferri Chloridum (Ferric Chlorid; Sesquichlorid 
or Perchlorid of Iron). 22% metallic iron. Prepara- 
tions: Liquor Ferri Chloridi (29%). Tinctura Ferri 
Chloridi (13%). Extern., styptic on wounds and 
mucous membranes (1-5%); astringent in chronic 
pharyngitis and laryngitis (^^-1%). Intern., tonic in 
anemia. H. & C. 3 1/2-1 (2.-5.); D. TTt. 2-8 (0.1-0.5). 

Ferri Citras. 15% metallic iron. Mild, non- 
astringent and soluble. Hematinic in anemia in 
dogs, gr. 2-15 (0.13-1.). 

Ferri Hydroxidum (Ferric Hydroxid; Fe(0H)3). 
Arsenic Antidote. Precipitated from any liquid prepa- 
ration of iron by adding to it an alkali (ammonia or 
sodium carbonate). Dose: as ferri hydroxidum cum 
magnesii oxido. 

Ferri Hydroxidum cum Magnesii Oxido (Ferric 
Hydroxid with Magnesium Oxid). Brown suspension. 
Arsenic Antidote. Prepare fresh from A: liquor ferri 
tersulphatis 40, water 125., and B. magnesia 10, water 
800. Shake B, add A and shake. H. & C. 5 8 (250.) ; 
Sh. & Sw. S 4 (125.); D. 3 4 (15.); Cat and Fowl 3 1 
(4.). Repeat every 15 minutes. 

Ferri Sulplias (Green Vitriol; Copperas). In- 
tern., styptic and weak antiseptic in diarrhea; hema- 
tinic in anemia. Tonic: H. & C. gr. 30-75 (2.-5.); Sh. 
& Sw. gr. 8-15 (0.5-1.) ; D. gr. %-Z (0.05-0.2) ; Cat, gr. 



48 

1/6-1/3 (0.01-0.02). Styptic: H. & C. 3 2i^-6 (10.-25.); 
D. gr. 11/2-8 (0.1-0.5). 

Ferrum Reductum (Reduced Iron). Greyish in- 
soluble powder. Intern., hematinic. 

B 1 

Ferri reducti 3 v 

Sal Carolini fac- 
titii § viii 

Pulv. nucis vomi- 
cae S ii. 

M. Sig. Tablespoonful in each feed for a horse with 

anemia. 

Filix Mas of aspidium. 

Formalin (Liquor Formaldehydi U.S. P.). 40% 
aqueous solution of formaldehyd gas. Caustic and 
antiseptic. Bandage in canker (25-100%); apply to 
thrush (10-50%); very useful in verrucose dermatitis 
(grease-heel) in 0.25% solution under bandage, re- 
new and curette daily. Instruments 1-2%, or vapor of 
paraform tablet; excreta 5%; preservative 1 : 20,000 
to 30,000. Stable disinfection: li^% solution for 
walls; 20 oz. formalin to 16 oz. permanganate of 
potash per 1000 cu. ft. for vaporization. Use on tis- 
sues not to be prolonged. 



B 2 
Formalin 1 

01. olivae 10. 

M. Sig. for pruritus 

(Joseph). 



B 1 
Liq. formaldehydi 1-3 
Petrolati 50 

Zinci oxidi 

Amyli aa 24. 

M. Pasta (Schindelka). 

Fowler's Solution cf arseni trioxidi. 

Galla (Nutgall; Gall). 30-60% tannic acid, cf 
tannic acid. 

Gambir (Krameria; Kino). Use: as acidum 
tannicum. Dose: double tannic acid. 



49 

Gamboge cf cambogia. 

*Gasolene. Intern., in stomach-worm disease and 
lung-worm disease in sheep and cattle. Dose: Lambs, 
3 2; Sheep and Calves 3 4; Yearling steers 5 1- Ad- 
minister in milk, oil, linseed water (demulcent) in 
the form of a drench. Repeat daily to twice weekly 
as indicated; less efficient than other vermifuges. 
Extern., cleansing agent on the skin, action in gen- 
eral like that of aether. 

Gelsemium (Yellow Jasmine). Action similar to 
conium, of doubtful value. 

Gentiana (Gentian). Dried rhizome and root. 
Very useful stomachic in indigestion, debility, and 
convalescence. C. § 1-2 (30.-60.); H. 3 3-6 (12.-25.); 
Sh. & Sw. 3 1-21/2 (5.-10.); D. gr. 71/2-30 (0.5-2.). 
Preparations: Fluidextractiom Gentinae. Dose: as 
root. Tinctura Gentianae ComposUae. H. & C. S 1-4 
(30.-120.); Sh. & Sw. § 1/2-I (15.-30.); D. 3 1-4 (4.-15.), 
or Tit. 5-10 several times daily. 

I^ 1 
Sal Carolinl fac- 

titii 5 xvi 

Pulv. nucis vomicae 
Pulv. gentianae 

aa § viii. 
M. Sig. Tablespoonful doses in each feed as a tonic 
for horse or cow. 

Ginger cf zingiber. 

Glandulae Suprarenales Siccae cf adrenalin. 

Glandulae Thyroideae Siccae (Desiccated Thyroid 
Glands of Sheep). Intern., in goitre, obesity, and 
myxedema. D. gr. %-li/^ daily. Preparations: *Gly- 
cerin Extract. D. TTt. 5-10. *Iodothyrin: D. gr. li/^-3 
daily. 

Glauber's Salt cf sodii sulphas. 



50 

*GIonoin cf spiritus glycerylis nitratis. 

Glycerinum (Glycerin; Glycerol). Extern., pro- 
tective emollient in skin diseases; softens scabs and 
crusts; combine witb starch or lead preparations in 
wounds and burns. Solvent for drugs: sublimate, 
iodin, alkaloids, tannin. Clysters induce mild peri- 
stalsis (H. & C. § 4-6; D. 3 4-8 undiluted). See cata- 
plasma kaolini. 



B 1 
Liq. plumbi sub- 

acetatis 5 iv 

Glycerini ^ ii. 

M. Sig. For scratches 
and moist eczema. 



I^ 2 
Glycerini 
Tinct. iodidi 
Phenolis aa 10 

M. Sig. Apply to 
scratches in severe in- 
fection. 

*GlyceryIis Nitras cf spiritus glycerylis nitratis. 

Glycyrrhiza (Licorice Root). Intern., protectant 
demulcent; expectorant in cough; improves taste of 
powders; adhesive in pills. H. & C. B 1-2 (30.-60.); 
Sh. & Sw. 3 1-21/2 (5.-10.); D. gr. 71/2-80 (0.5-2.). 
Prep: Mistura Glycyrrhizae Compositus. Ext. of 
licorice 3, syrup 5, acacia 3, paregoric 12, wine of 
antimony 6, spirit of nitrous ether 3, water to make 
100. 

Goulard's Extract cf plumbi acetas. 

Grindelia. Stimulant expectorant and sedative in 
bronchitis of heaves; suppresses nervous roaring in 
the horse. Preparation: Fluidextractum Grindeliae. 
H. & C. 3 4-8 (15.-30.); D. ni. 15-30 (1.-2.). 

Guaiacol. Use and dose as creosotum. 

Gum Arabic cf acacia. 

*Haarlem Oil cf ol. lini sulphuratum terebin- 
thina. 

Hamamelidis (Hamamelis; Witch-hazel). In- 



51 

tern., astringent and hemostatic in internal hemor- 
rhage. Dose: Fl. Ext. H. & C. S 1-2 (30.-60.); Sh. & 
Sw. 3 2-4 (8.-16.); D. 3 1/2-2 (2.-8.). Extern., in sprains, 
bruises, and wounds. 

Hashish cf cannabis Indica. 

Hellebore cf veratrum. 

Henbane cf hyoscyamus. 

*Heroinum cf morphinae sulphas. 

Hexamethylenamina (Urotropin). Crystals. Sol- 
uble in 1.3 parts water. Intern., antiseptic. More 
powerful than any other remedy in ridding urine of 
bacteria (Stevens). H. & C. 3 1-21/^ (5.-10.) thrice 
daily; D. gr. 71/2-15 (0.5-1.) well diluted. 

I^ 1 
Potassii acetatis 
Urotropini aa § ii. 

M. Ft. chartulae No. v. 

Sig. One to two powders daily on feed or in water for 
a horse with cystitis. 

Homatropinae Hydrobromidum (Homatropin). 
Mydriatic. Use: as atropin; effect more transient 
(1-2 days) ; expensive. 

Honey cf mel. 

Hydrargyri Chloridum Corrosivum (Corrosive 
Sublimate; HgCL). Extern.: Caustic: paste (1:1-5 
acacia and water); caustic solution (1:3-10 alcohcl) ; 
caustic collodion (1:10); caustic ointment (1:1-10); 
caustic bougies (sublimate 5, acacia 5, aqua 9, rolled 
around a dried gut). Antiseptic in wounds, 1:1000 
aqueous solution; otorrhea, 1:1000 alcoholic solution; 
ringworm 1:100-200 alcoholic solution; eye-wash, 
uterus, etc., 1:5000 aqueous solution (irritant); skin, 
1:500-1000. Add equal parts citric or tartaric acid to 
prevent formation of insoluble albumenates. Stable 



52 



Disinfectant: 1:500-1000. Intern., tonic. H. & C. gr. 

11/2-3 (0.1-0.2); Sh. & Sw. gr. 1/6-1/3 (0.01-0.02); D. 

gr. 1/12-1/6 (0.005-0.01). Lethal dose: H. & C. 3 1-2 
(4.-8.). Cows most susceptible. 



I^ 1 
Hydrargyri chloridi 

corrosivi 3 iv 

Acidi hydrocMor. 



(cone.) 




Siss 


Alcoholis 




vii 


M. et ad. 


alco- 




holis 




S xxxvi 


Olei terebin- 




tliinae 




Svi 


Camphorae 


trit. 


giv. 


M. Sig. 


Apply 


once 


daily with 


tooth 


brush 


for spavin. 







I^ 2 

Hydrargyri chlo- 
ridi corrosivi gr. ii-v 
lodidi 

Glycerini aa 3 i 

Alcoholis q.s. g i. 
M. Sig. Apply every 
second day for spavin. 



Hydrargyri Chioridum Mite (Calomel; HgCL). 
intern., cathartic (dog, cat); intestinal antiseptic 
(dog distemper, influenza, purpura, diarrhea in 
young); diuretic (cardiac edema). H. 3 1^/^-2 (6.-8.); 
C. gr. 15.-75. (1.-5.); Sh. gr. 4-71/2 (0.25-0.5); Sw. gr. 
15-60 (1.-4.); D. gr. 1/2-I1/2 (0.03-0.1); Cat, gr. 1/6-3/4 
(0.01-0.05). Extern., antiseptic and desiccant in moist 
eczema, foot-rot, scratches, etc. 

n 1 

Hydrargyri chlo- 
ridi mite 3 i 
Pulv. althaeae S iii- 
Aq. distil, q.s. electuar. 
M. Sig. For a horse 
with influenza (Froh- 
ner) . 

n 3 

Hydrargyri chlo- 
ridi mite gr. iii 
Sacchari lactis gr. viii. 
M. Sig. For a dog with 
impaction. 



I^ 2 
Hydrargyri chlo- 
ridi mite gr. % 
Pulv. opii gr. iss 
Sacchari lactis gr. viii. 
M. Ft. pulv. 

Sig. For a dog with en- 
teritis (Frohner). 



53 



Hydrargyri lodidum Rubrum (Red Mercuric 
lodid; Biniodid of Mercury; HgL). Extern., blister 
(1:3-5); antiseptic (1:10,000-20,000). Soluble in pot- 
ascium iodid solutions. See cantharides and anti- 
periostin. 

Biniodid of Mercury; HgL). Extern., blister (1:3-5): 
antiseptic (1:10,000-20,000). Soluble in potassium 
iodid solutions. See cantharides and antiperiostin. 

I^ 1 
Hydrargyri iodidi 

rubri 30 

Tincturae can- 

tharidis 100 

Potassii iodidi 10. 

Rub in thoroughly for 
tendinitis, etc. 



spavins, ringbone, chronic 



(Yellow Mercuric 
Extern., antiseptic 



Hydrargyri Oxidum Flavum 
Oxid; /ellow Precipitate; HgO). 
ointment in wounds and bruises (1:4-8); eye-salve 
(1:30-50) in leucoma (turbidity of the cornea). Prep: 
Unguentum Hydrargyri Oxicli Flavi (10%). 

Hydrargyri Oxidum Rubrum (Red Mercuric Ox- 
id). Uses and preparations as yellow oxid. 

Hydrargyrum (Mercury; Quicksilver; Hg.). 
Prep: Unguentum Hydrargyri (50%). Unguentum 
Hydrargyri Dilutum (Blue Oint.) 33i/4%. Antipara- 
sitic against lice, apply only to parts that cannot be 
licked; absorbent in arthritis, tendinitis, etc. Do not 
use around cattle, frequent cause of poisoning. 

Hydrargyrum Ammoniatum (Ammoniated Mer- 
cury; White Precipitate; HgNHoCl) . Extern., anti- 
septic ointment in parasitic skin diseases and 
chronic eczema, ringworm, harness eczema (1:8-10); 
eye-salve (1:10-20). Prep: Unguentum Hydrargyri 
Ammoniati (10%). 

Hydrastininae Hydrochioridum. Soluble in 0.3 



54 

parts water. Intern., endometritis in cows to stimu- 
late uterine contractions (gr. 4 per subcutis) ; inter- 
nal hemorrhage; epilepsy. D. gr. 1/6-1/3 (0.01-0.02), 
or 1/^-1 cc. of a 10% solution per subcutis. 

Hyoscyamus (Henbane). 0,08% alkaloids (hyos- 
cin and a little hyoscyamin). Intern., as belladonna. 
H. & C. 5 1-3 (30.-90.); D. gr. 8-60 (0.5-4.). Prepara- 
tions: Tinctura Hyoscyami. H. & C. § 1-3 (30.-90.); 
Sh. & Sw. 3 2-4 (8.-15.); D. 3 1-2 (4.-8.). Fluidex- 
tractum Hyoscyami. H. & C. 3 %-l (15.-30.); Sh. & 
Sw. 3 1^-1 (2.-4.); D. Tfi. 5-15 (0.3-1.). Hyoscinae 
Hydrobromidum (Hyoscin; Scopolamin). Heart 
stimulant (paralysis of vagus) ; decreases sweat and 
salivation; mydriatic (1:500). Antidote in chloro- 
form poisoning. Narcotic effect in animals doubtful 
(Frohner), U'^e caution against overdosage. H. & C. 
gr. 1/6-1/3 (0.01-0.02); D. gr. 1/24-1/12 (0.0025-0.005). 

*lchtharganum (Ichthargan; Silver Ichthyol). 
30% silver. Soluble. Extern., as silver nitrate; 5% 
ointment in infectious vaginitis. Intern., purpura 
(15 grains in 1-2 5 water thrice daily per vein) ; diar- 
rhea in foals (15 grains daily in opium and tanno- 
form). 

*lchthyolum (Ichthyol). 15% sulphur. Extern., 
resorbent in arthritis, tendinitis, contusions, mastitis 
(25-50% lanolin ointment), 10% lotion or ointment in 
eczema. Intern., purpura, gastro-intestinal catarrh, 
dog distemper. Dose: H. § 2 (60.) daily; D. 3 1 (4.). 

Indian Hemp cf cannabis Indica. 

Infusa cf pg. 10. 

*lodipin (Iodized Sesame Oil). 10-25% iodin; 
non-toxic substitute for iodin. Intern., tetanus (§ 1 
daily of 25% solution), purpura, actinomycosis, 
heaves, azoturia, pneumonia. H. B 1-2 (30.60.) of 
26% per os, or subcutis. D. 3 1-3 (4.-12.) in goitre. 



55 

asthma, or distemper. Extern., suppurations, fistulae, 
ulcers. 

*!odoformogen. Odorless mixture of iodoform 
and albumen. 

lodoformum (Iodoform). Extern., antiseptic in 
wounds and ulcers. Use alone or combine with acid 
boric, tannin, etc. (1:3); ether 1:10; collodion 
1:10-15; ointment 1:5-10. 

*lodolum. Substitute for iodoform. 

*lodothyrin cf glandulae. 

lodunn (lodin). Extern., parasiticide, antiseptic, 
counter-irritant. Use in form of tinct., ointment 
(1:5-15), petrox mixtures, iodipin, or Lugol's solution. 
Preparations: Liquor lodi Compositus (Lugol's So- 
lution), lodin 5, potassium iodid 10, aqua 100. In- 
traglandular injection in goitre. Tinctura lodi 
(Tincture of lodin). 

I^ 1 

lodidi 

Camphorae trit. 

Potassii iodidi aa 3 ii 

Alcoholis B iv. 

M. Sig. Apply daily on wind-puffs, chronic tendinitis, 

etc. 

Ipecacuanha (Ipecac). 2% alkaloids (emetin, 
cephalin, psychotrin). Intern., sedative expectorant 
in acute bronchitis; emetic (swine, cat, dog); dia- 
phoretic in the beginning of acute respiratory dis- 
eases. Emetic: Sw. & D. gr. 15-45 (1.-3.); Cat, gr. 
4-12 (0.25-0.75). Expectorant: H. «S. C. 3 I-21/2 
(5-10.); D. gr. 1/6-3/4 (0.01-0.05); Sw. gr. 11/2-4 
(0.1-0.3); Cat, gr. 1/6 (0.01.). Preparations: Pulvis 
Ipecacuanhae et Opii (Dover's Powder). Gastro-intes- 
tinal catarrh or bronchitis in dogs. D. gr. 4i/^-30 



56 

(0.3-2.). Vinum Ipecacuanliae. Expectorant in dogs 
iTj,. 5-10; emetic, 3 1-2. 



I^ 1 
Vini ipecacuan- 



IJ 2 
Pulv. ipecacuan- 



hae 3 iiss hae gr. iii 

Potassii citratis 3 iii Sodii bicarbon- 

Tinct. opii camphor- atis gr. xxiv 

atae Sacchari lactis 3 iss. 

Syriipi aa § i M. Ft. chartulae No. vi. 

Aquae q.s. § vi. Sig. Two powders daily 

M. Sig. 30 drops every in beginning dog dis- 

8 hours as expectorant I temper, 

in dog. [ 

Iron cf ferri. 

Jalapa (Jalap). Intern., cathartic in small doses 
in dropsical effusions, combine with saline or calomel. 
Dose: cathartic; Sw. 3 1-3 (4.-12.); D. gr. 7%-60 
(0.5-4.). 

Jamestown Weed cf stramonium. 

Jasmine cf gelsemium. 

*Juniperus (Juniper). Intern., diuretic, stom- 
achic, stimulant expectorant in bronchitis, car- 
minative. H. I 1-2 (30.-60.); C. § 2-3 (60.-90.); Sh. 
3 1-5 (5.-20.); D. gr. 15-60 (1.-4.). See I^ 3 pg. 9. 
Prep: Oleum Juniperi. Uses: as oleum terebin- 
th.nae. 

*Kamala. Drastic taeniacide; action in 5 hours. 
Lambs 3 1 (4.); Sw. «& D. 3 %-2 (2.-8.). Administer 
with milk, honey, or syrup; through stomach-tube in 
dog and cat. B 6 pg. 9; cf. areca I^ 2. 

Kaolinum (Kaolin; Fuller's Earth; Aluminum 
Silicate). Protectant on wounds and skin in powder, 
paste, or ointment. See cataplasma kaolini. 

Kino cf gambir. 

Lanolin cf adeps lanae hydrosus. 



57 

Lard cf adeps. 

Laudanum cf opii tinct. 

Lead cf plumbi. 

Licorice Root cf glycyrrhiza. 

Lime cf calx. 

Lime Water cf calx. 

*Linimentum Aconiti et Chloroform! N.F. F. E. 

Aconite 4^/4, alcohol 8, chloroform I214, soap lini- 
ment 75. 

Linimentum Ammoniac. Aqua ammon. 35, alco- 
hol 5, cottonseed oil 57, oleic acid 3. Prepare fresh. 
R, 1 — Aq. ammon. fort, 1, ol. tereb. 1, aqua 1, ol. 
lini 4-6. I^ 2 — Aq. ammon. fort. 1, ol. lini 5-10. I^ 3 
— Aq. ammon. fort. 1, linimentum saponis 4 (pharyn- 
gitis, etc.). IJ. 4 — Aq. ammon. 30, camphorated oil 
70, I?. 5 — ^Aq. ammon. 1, chloroform 1, cottonseed 
oil 4. 

Linimentum Belladonnae. Camphor 5, F. B. 
belladonna root to 100. R. 1 — F. E. belladonna 10, 
alcohol 10, camphor 5. R. 2 — Extract belladonna 1, 
petrolati 4, camphor I/2. I^ 3 — Extract belladonna 1, 
glycerin 1. 

Linimentum Calcis. Lime water 50, ol, lini 50, 

Linimentum Camphorae (Camphorated Oil). 
Camphor 2, cottonseed oil 8, * Linimentum Saponato- 
Gamphoratum N.F. (Opodeldoc), White castile soap 
iy2, camphor 2i^, alcohol 95, ol. thyme 0.3, ol, rose- 
mary 0.6, aq. ammon. fort. 5. British Pharmacopoeia: 
aq. ammon. fort. 10, camphor 5, lavendar 0.25, alcohol 
to 40. Hertivig: sapo mollis 4, camphora trit. 1, al- 
cohol 8, aqua ammon. 2. 

*Linimentum Cantharidis N.F. Cantharides 15, 



58 

ol. tereb. to 100; digest over water-bath 3 hours, 
strain, add oil turpentine to make 100 cc. 

Linimentum Chloroformi. Chloroform 30, soap 
liniment 70. B.P.: camphor liniment (1:3) 1, chloro- 
form 1. 

*Linimentum Exsiccans (Pick). Tragacanth 5, 
glycerin 2, water 100. Protectant in painful skin 
diseases. 

I^ 1 
Linimenti exsiccans 95 
Picis liquidae 5. 

M. 

Linimentum Saponis (Soap Liniment). Green 
soap 60, camphor 45, ol. rosemary 10, alcohol 725, wa- 
ter to make 1000. 

*Linimentum Sinapis B.P. 01. mustard 2, cam- 
phor 3, castor oil 7, alcohol 43. ^Spiritus Sinapis. 
01. mustard 1, alcohol 10-15. Rubefacient in pneu- 
monia, pharyngitis, etc. 

Linimentum Terebintliinae. Resin cerate 65, ol. 
turpentine 35. '-^Linimentum Terebinthinae Acetum, 
N.F. (Stokes Liniment). 01. turpentine 100, one egg, 
01. lemon 4, acetic acid 20, rose water 85. B 1 — 01. 
terebinthinae 1, linimentum saponis 8. 

*Linimentum Tiglii N.F. Croton oil 4, cajuput 
oil 14, alcohol 14. ^Linimentum Tiglii Gompositum 
N.F. Croton oil 20, ol. sassafras 20, ol. turpentine 20, 
olive oil 40. *Caustic Balsam. Croton oil 8, linseed oil 
3b, ol. turpentine 4, camphor 2, petrolatum 6, sul- 
phuric acid 0.5. 

Linum (Linseed Meal; Flaxseed Meal). Demul- 
cent in the form of linseed water m 11, pg. 10) per os 
in gastro-enteritis, or as clysters in rectal irritation; 



59 

useful vehicle in the administration of irritating 
drugs (creolin, ammonia). 

Liquor Acidi Arsenosi of arseni trioxidum. 

*Liquor Alumini Acetatis N.F. Aluminium sul- 
phate 30, acetic acid 30, calcium carbonate 130, water 
to make 1000. Intern., intestinal astringent in diar- 
rhea. H. & C. 3 1-4 (4.-15.) in water. Extern., 
wounds, moist and gangrenous dermatitis. In 2-4% 
solution. Genito-urinary tract in 1-2% solution. 

n 1 
Zinci oxidi 
Amyli 

Glycerini aa 20 

Liq. alum. acet. 
Aq. distil. aa 60. 

M. Sig. Shake before using (Schindelka). 

Liquor Ammonii Acetatis (Spirit of Mindererus; 
Ammonium Acetate Solution). Ammonium carbon- 
ate 5, dilute acetic acid 100. Feeble diaphoretic and 
diuretic. Used in febrile diseases as vehicle for 
spirit of nitrous ether or aconite. H. & C. § 2-6 
(60.-180.); Sh. & Sw. E V2-I (15.-30.); D. 3 1-4 (4.-15.). 
*Liq. Ammon. Acetatis Goncentratus N.F. Three times 
the above strength. 

Liquor Antisepticus. Mild antiseptic containing 
2% boric acid. Similar to "Listerine": boric acid 20, 
benzoic acid 1, thymol 1, eucalyptol 0.25, oil pepper- 
mint 0.50, oil gaultheria 0.25, oil thyme 0.10, alcohol 
250, water to make 1000. 

Liquor Calais cf calx. 

*Liquor Calcis Sulphuratae cf sulphur sublima- 
tum. 

Liquor Cresolis Compositus (Compound Solution 
of Cresol). Cresol 500, linseed oil 350, potassium 
hydroxid 350, water to make 1000. Dissolve the potas- 



60 

slum hydroxid in 50 grams of water in a tared dish, 
add the linseed oil and mix thoroughly. Then add 
the cresol and stir until a clear solution is produced, 
and finally sufficient water to make the finished 
product weigh 1000 grams. Or as follows: take of 
cresolSOO cc; sapo mollis 612 gm.; mix, by aid of 
gentle heat, in water bath. Practically identical with 
lysol. Germicidal value about 50% greater than 
phenol. Stable disinfectant in 3-5% aqueous solu- 
tion. Extern., genito-urinary tract 1%; wounds, 
skin, and hands 1-2%. See Cresol. 

Liquor Ferri Chioridi cf ferri chloridi. 

Liquor Ferri Subsuiphatis (Solution of Ferric 
Sulphate) cf ferri hydroxidum cum magnesii oxido. 

Liquor Potassii Arsenitis cf arseni trioxidum. 
Litharge (Lead Oxid) cf plumbi acetas. 

Lobelia. Motor depressant. Intern., antispas- 
modic in heaves and bronchitis; expectorant and dia- 
phoretic. H. & C. 3 1-8 (4.-30.) ; Sh. & Sw. 3 i^-2 
(2.-8.); D. gr. i^-20 (0.03-1.3). Preparations: Fluid- 
extractum Loheliae. Dose: as lobelia. Tinctura Lo- 
'beliae. H. & C. I 1-2 (30.-60.); Sh. & Sw. 3 1-3 
(4.-12.); D. ni. 3-30 (0.2-2.). 

^ 1 
F.E. lobeliae 

P.E. stramonii aa ^ i 

Liquoris potassii arsen- 
itis q.s. Sviii. 
M. Sig. Tablespoonful 2-3 times daily for a horse with 
heaves. 

Lugoi's Solution cf iodin. 

Lunar Caustic cf argenti nitras. 

Lycopodium. Protective dusting-powder. 



61 

*Lysol. Practically identical with liquor cresolis 
compositus. See cresol and liq. cresolis compositus. 

Magnesii Carbonas (Magnesium Carbonate). Al- 
kali in gastro-intestinal fermentation; antidote in 
poisoning with acid, arsenic, and metallic salts. In- 
soluble in water. H. «S. C. 3 21^-6 (10.-25.) ; Sh. & Sw. 
3 1-21/2 (5.-10.); D. gr. 3-15 (0.2-1.). 

Magnesii Oxidum (Magnesium Oxid; MgO). 
Arsenic Antidote. Intern., in poisoning with arsenic, 
acids, and metallic salts; antacid and mild laxative. 
H. & C. 3 21/2-6 (10.-25.); Sh. & Sv/. 3 I-21/2 (5.-10.); 
D. gr. 3-15 (0.2-1.) . Extern., protective and desiccant 
on wounds. 

Magnesii Sulplias (Epsom Salt). Uses: as sodii 
sulphas. 

Male Fern cf aspidium. 

*Mallein. Bouillon containing products of growth 
of B, Mallei. Uses and action, Hutyra & Marek, Vol. 
I: A very sensitive and reliable diagnostic agent. In- 
ject 2 cc. per subcutis in horses with a normal tem- 
perature. Those affected with glanders show a sud- 
den rise of temperature in 4-8 hours that continues 
for 8-14, sometimes 16-30 hours, gradually returning 
to normal; chills are common between the sixth and 
eighth hours. Well animals do not react. A reaction 
is positive: A. When the temperature rises 3.6° F. 
or more, and above 104°; or B. When the tempera- 
ture rises 2.6°-3.5°, reaching 103°-103.8°, in addition 
to a marked organic reaction (increased pulse and 
respiration, chills, anorexia, depression, and a 
marked circumscribed inflammatory edematous 
swelling at the seat of injection). A reaction is 
doubtful: With a rise of 1.8°-3.5° and no signs of 
an organic reaction. A reaction is atypical: When 



62 

the temperature stays up not more than 4-6 hours. 
A reaction is negative: With a rise of not more than 
1.8°; or when the temperature does not exceed 102.2°. 
A positive reaction indicates glanders, A doubtful 
or atypical reaction indicates "suspected glanders," 
when the animal should be retested in about 4 weeks. 

Mandrake cf podophyllum. 

Mel (Honey). Used as an electuary or vehicle 
in giving medicine, useful in pharyngitis. 

Menthol (Peppermint Camphor). Local anes- 
thetic and antiseptic in dusting-powders, ointments, 
or inhalants. Intern., antispasmodic, carminative, 
and analgesic in colic. H. gr. 7-15 (0.5-1.) ; D. gr. i/^-2 
(0.03-0.12). 



I^ 1 






I^ 2 


Menthol 






Menthol 3 i 


Eucalyptol 


aa 


3i 


Alcoholis % 1 


Alcoholis 




Bii 


M. Sig. For pruritus. 


Liq. cresolis 








comp. 




Bv 


IJ 3 


Aquae q.s. 




I viii. 


01 olivae 


M. Ft. sol. 






Aq. calcis aa 5 i 


Sig. 1/2 ounce 


in 


hot 


Menthol 3 i 


water as inhalant in 


M. Sig. Apply to burns 


strangles. 









li 4 

Menthol 2.5 

01. olivae 7.5 

Petrolati q.s. 50.0. 
M. Menthol ointment 
(Joseph). 



V, 5 

Menthol 3-5 

Alcoholis q.s. 100. 

M. Spirits of menthol 
(Joseph). 



B 6 
Menthol 
Amyli 
Talci 
M. Sig. 



Menthol 



2 

120 

20. 
pow- 



der (Schindelka). 



63 

Mercury cf hydrargyrum. 

Methyl is Sal icy las (Artificial Oil of Wintergreen). 
Yellowish liquid almost identical with ol. betulae and 
ol. gaultheria. Extern., antiseptic in ringworm and 
other skin diseases. Use with equal pants alcohol, or 
in oint. (1%). Intern., as aromatic oils, and salicylic 
acid. H. & C. 3 2-8 (8.-30.); Sh. & Sw. 3 V2-I (2.-4.); 
D. 1U. 5-15 (0.3-1.). 

^ 1 
Methylis salicylatis 3 iv 

Lin. aconiti et chloroformi B iii. 
M. Sig. Rub in every 1-2 hours for rheumatism. 

*Mistura Contra Diarrhoeum N.F. "Sun Cholera 
Cure": equal parts tinct. opii, tr. capsicum, tr. rhu- 
barb, tr. camphor, and tr. peppermint. Dose: 3 1-5 
(4.-20.) for dysentery in foals and calves. 

Morphinae Sulphas (Morphin Sulphate). Anes- 
thetic and hypnotic. Specific in eclampsia in bitches; 
useful in painful cough (see aqua amygdalae amarae). 
Action uncertain in cattle. Dose of more than 7 
grains dangerous in the horse (excitation of morphin 
poisoning). Do not combine with arecolin or eserin 
in colic. Not safe to combine with atropin (fatal 
impaction). Hypnotic in dogs (surgical operations). 
Hypnotic dose, dog: gr. 1/60 (young) -1/7 (old) per 
lb. body-weight. Sedative dose: H. & C. gr. 3-6 
(0.2-0.4); D. gr. i4-li/^ (0.02-0.1) in aqueous solution 
of 1:25-50. ^Heroinum (Diacetyl-morphin). Sedative 
in cough, pharyngitis, laryngitis, etc. — see belladon- 
na. H. & C. gr. 1/2-2 (0.03-0.13) ; Sh. & Sw. gr. Vg-i^ 
(0.008-0.016); D. gr. 1/30-1/8 (0.002-0.008). 



64 



n 2 

Heroini hydro- 

chlor. gr. viii 

F, E. belladonnae § i 
Ammonii chloridi B iii 
Syrupi q.s. O i. 

M. Sig. One ounce ev- 
ery two hours for a 
horse with cough. 



H 1 

Heroini hydrochlo- 

ridi gr. viii 

F. E. hyoscyami S i 
Antimonii et potas- 

sii tartratis 3 iv 

Syrupi q.s. O i. 

M. Sig. 1/2-1 ounce for a 
horse with acute laryn- 
gitis or pharyngitis. 

Mustard cf sinapis. 

Myrrha (Myrrh). Gum-resin. Stimulating anti- 
septic on badly granulating wounds, as dusting- 
powder, or tincture. Prep: Tinctura Myrrhae. Often 
combined with equal parts tinct. aloes. 

Naphthalinum (Naphthalin; Tar Camphor). Ex- 
tern., antiseptic dusting-powder alone or combined 
with boric acid, alum, starch, talcum, etc. (1:10-20). 
In ointment (1:10-20); oil (1:3-5). Useful in wounds, 
parasitism (mange, ringworm), chronic eczema, 
pruritus, and against flies. Intern., gastro-intestinal 
catarrh (diarrhea in calves) and cystic catarrh; ex- 
pectorant in bronchitis. Overdosage causes hemo- 
globinuria and nephritis (§ 1). Dose: H. & C. 3 1-2 
(4.-8.); Sh. & Sw. 3 Vg-l (2.-5.); D. gr. iy2-15 (0.1-1.). 
Administer in powder, pill, or electuary. 

Naphthol cf betanaphthol. 

Nitrous Ether cf spiritus. 

* Novocain. Local anesthetic, soluble, non-irritat- 
ing. Use in 1-2% solution for infiltration, adrenalin 
assists action (novocain gr. 4; water 3 2-3; adrenalin 
1:1000 TTt. 5-10). Eye-operations in 5-10% solution. 

*Nucleinum (Nuclein). Nucleo-protein of indefi- 
nite composition from cells (yeast, wheat embryo). 
Amorphous powd. Sol. in dilute alkalies. Uses: 



65 

said to increase the white blood corpuscles and thus 
increase the resistance to infection in strangles, pur- 
pura, pneumonia, influenza, septicemia, etc. True 
value undetermined. H. & C. 3 2-4. Prepara- 
tions: *Nuclein (Merck). ^Nucleic Acid. Anorganic 
acid of definite composition. Amorphous white pow- 
der containing 4 atoms of P to 14-16 N. H. & C. gr. 
30-60. * Sodium Nucleate. Dose: as nucleic acid. 
"^Nuclein, Ahhott. A sodium nucleate derived from 
the wheat germ containing 1 atom P to 3.66 N. Dose: 
as nucleic acid. *Nuclein Solution, Ahhott. Con- 
tains 10% of nuclein Abbott. H. & C. § %-l thrice 
daily per os or subcutis. 

Nux Vomica. Seed of Strychnos Nux Vomica. 
1.25% strychnin. Spinal cord excitant in paresis of 
depression, exhaustion, chloroform or narcotic poison- 
ing; paralysis of motor nerves (facial, recurrent, in- 
continence, constipation) ; paralysis of sensory 
nerves (first stage of amaurosis). Contraindicated in 
lesions or inflammation of the cord. Circulatory 
stimulant: combine with alcohol or digitalis in acute 
heart weakness of acute diseases — pneumonia. 
Respiratory stimulant: chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, 
pilmonary edema. Stomachic: atony of the stomach 
or intestine (tincture). Cumulative: omit every third 
day when dosage is near maximum. H. & C. 3 %-2 
(2.-8. J; Sh. & Sw. gr. 10-20 (0.6-1.3); D. gr. 1-2 
(0.06.-0.13). Preparations: Fliiidextr actum Nucis 
Vomicae. 1% strychnin. Dose: as nux vomica. 
Tinctura Nucis Vomicae. 0.1% strychnin. H. & C. 
3 1-6 (5.-25.); Sh. & Sw. TTi. 20-40 (1.3-2.6); D. lU- 5-15 
(0.3-1.). Strychninae Sulphas (Strychnin Sulphate). 
Dose per os: H. & C. gr. ^-IVa (0.05-0.1) ; Sh. gr. 1/12 
(0.005); Sw. gr. 1/30-1/12 (0.002-0.005); D. gr. 
1/60-1/20 (0.001-0.003); Cat, gr. 1/120-1/60 (0.0005- 



66 

0.001); Fowl, gr. 1/60-1/30 (0.001.-0.002). Dose per 
subcutis: one-half that per os. Per trachea: one- 
fourth per OS. Estimate 1/12-1/15 of a grain per 
subcutis for 100 pounds body-weight. See IJ 4, pg. 9, 
and Gentiana, pg. 49. 

I^ 1 

Strychninae sulphatis gr. vi 

Digitalini Germanici gr. ix 

Atropinae sulphatis gr. ii 

Aquae q.s. § ii. 

M. Sig. 5 cc. per subcutis for a horse or cow with 

great circulatory depression, i/^ cc. for a large dog. 

*Oleata. Solutions of metallic alkalies, or alka- 
loids in oleic acid. 

*Oleatum Cupri cf cupri. 
Oleoresina Aspidii cf aspidium. 

Oleum Anisi (Oil of Anise). Intern., carminative 
in spasmodic colic in dogs (1-5 drops). Extern., with 
alcohol or oil for lice on dogs (rti. 10-20 : 3 3-4). A 
few drops under the wings of birds for mites, and 
lice (1:50-100 alcohol). 

Oleum Betulae (Oil of Sweet Birch). See methy- 
lis salicylas. 

Oleum Cadinum (Oil of Cade; Juniper Tar Oil). 
Action very similar to oil of tar. Stimulant antisep- 
tic in chronic eczema and other skin diseases (para- 
sitic). Ointment 1:3; or alcoholic solution Vz-l : 1. 
See sulphur sublimatum I^ 3. 

Oleum Gaultheriae cf methylis salicylas. 

Oleum Gossypii Seminis (Cottonseed Oil). Uses: 
as oleum lini. 

Oleum Juniper! cf juniperus. 

Oleum Lini (Linseed Oil), intern., protectant in 
gastro-enteritis and caustic poisons; mild laxative. 



67 

H. & C. B 8-32 (250.-1000.) ; Sh. & Sw. § 1-4 (30.-120.) ; 
D. 5 1-3 (30.-90.). Extern., protectant in clysters; sol- 
vent in liniments and ointments; protective emollient 
allaying irritation in inflammatory skin diseases. 

n 1 
01. lini 

Liq. calcis aa. 

M. Carron oil for burns. 

*Oleum Lini Sulpliurati cum Terebinthina (.Haar- 
lem Oil; Dutch Oil; Dutch Drops). Sulphurated lin- 
seed oil with oil of turpentine (1:3). Intern., house- 
hold and empiric remedy in "distemper." 

Oleum Olivae (Olive Oil): uses as oleum lini. 

Oleum Picis Liquidae cf pix liquida. 

Oleum Ricini (Castor Oil). Non-irritating ca- 
thartic in gastro-enteritis, dysentery, dog distemper, 
acute inflammatory conditions of the intestines. 
H. & C. 3 16-32 (500.-1000.) ; Sh. & Sw. g 2-8 (50.-250.) ; 
D. S 1/2-11/2 (15.-45.); Cat, 3 1-3 (5.-15.). Administra- 
tion: H. & 0. with equal parts hot water or 2 oz. ether. 
Dog and cat in emulsion with 5-10 parts water, or 
peppermint water, or in gelatin capsules. Swine as 
electuary with glycyrrhiza or molasses. 

Oleum Rosmarini (Oil of Rosemary). Rubefa- 
cient in liniments and ointments (1:10-20). 

Oleum Santal (Oil of Sandalwood). Expectorant, 
antiseptic, and sedative in acute pharyngitis, bron- 
chitis, cystits, etc. D. TTt. 15-20 in emulsion or capsule. 

Oleum Sinapis Volatile cf sinapis. 

Oleum Terebinthinae (Oil of Turpentine; Spirit 
of Turpentine). Volatile oil distilled from terebin- 
thina. Intern., carminative and antispasmodic in 
colic (per os, or rectum — i/^ oz. in a quart of 
soapy water). Expectorant in subacute and chronic 



68 

bronchitis and cystitis; hemostatic, circulatory stimu- 
lant and diuretic in purpura. Anthelmintic combined 
with oil. Deodorant in pulmonary gangrene. Daily 
dose: C. § 1-10 (25.-250.); H. I Vz-Z (lO.-lOO.) ; Sh. & 
Sw. 3 1-6 (5.-25.); D. HI. 3-30 (0.2-2.); Cat, TTt. %-4 
(0.05-0.25). Administration: oil, emulsion, capsule, 
electuary, inhalation (1-5% aqueous sol.), intra- 
tracheal injection (lung worms 1:1-10 of oil). Extern., 
rubefacient in pneumonia, pleurisy, enteritis, stag- 
nation edema, phlegmon. Preparations: Linhnen- 
tuvi TereMnthinae 35%. Teredenum. Colorless 
liquid. Uses: as ol, turpentine. Very useful in 
bronchitis. H. 5 1-2 (4.-8.). Terpen Hydrate. White 
crystals. Uses: as terebene (weaker). H. 3 Vq-I 
(1^.-4.). 

I> 1 [ li 2 

01, terebinthinae 3 iiss 



Terebeni 

Eucalyptol aa § ii 

Syrupi q.s. O i, 

M. Sig. One ounce every 
two hours for a horse; 
15-30 drops for a dog. 



Acaciae 3 v 

Aquae 5 x. 

M. Ft. emulsio. 

S i g, Tablespoonful 

thrice daily for a dog 

(Frohner), 

Oleum Theobromatis (Cacao Butter), Used in 
suppositories, ointments and pills (areca nut). 

Oleum Tiglii (Croton Oil). Yellow liquid. Sol- 
uble in absolute alcohol, ether, chloroform, and oils. 
Intern., drastic purgative in chronic constipation and 
impaction in cows; strength increases with age; 
contraindicated in enteritis and weakness. H. ill. 
10-20; C. -ni. 15-30; Sh. & Sw. ni. 5-10; D. Vi[. 1-5; 
Cat, TTt, 1/4-1, Administer in castor oil or mucila- 
ginous liquid. Extern., rubefacient: 10 drops in 1-2 
oz, oil turpentine, olive oil, or lard. See linimentum 
tiglii for Caustic Balsam. 



69 



ni. XV 



n 1 

01. tiglii 
Hydrargyri chlo- 

ridi mite 3 i 

01. ricinl O i. 

M. Sig. Shake and give 
to a horse with impac- 
tion. 



IJ 2 

01. tiglii gr. % 

Hydrargyri chlo- 

ridi mite gr. ivss 

Sacchari lactis 3 ii. 
M. Ft. chartulae No. v. 
Sig. One powder for a 
dog every 3 hours until 
evacuations are abun- 
dant. 

I 

Opii Pulvis (Powdered Opium). 12-15% morphin. 
Intern., analgesic in pleurisy, peritonitis, etc.; anti- 
spasmodic in peripheral irritation (cough) ; checks 
excessive secretioris and suppresses peristalsis in 
acute inflammatory affections of the T)oivel after re- 
moval of the irritant (intestinal catarrh, enteritis, 
dysentery) ; diaphoretic in early stages of distemper 
and influenza (Dover's Powder). H. 3 1-5 (5.-20.); C. 
3 21/^-6 (10.-25.); Sh., Sw., Foals, and Calves, gr. 
15-45 (1.-3.); D. gr. 2-8 (0.1-0.5); Cat, gr. %-3 
(0.05-0.2). Preparations: Tinctura Opii (Laudanum). 
10% opium. Dose: H. & C. § 1/^-2 (15.-60.); Calves 
and Foals 3 1-5 (5.-20.) 2-3 times daily for dysentery. 
Pulvis Ipecacuanhae et Opii (Dover's Powder). 
Ipecac 10, powdered opium 10, sugar of milk 80. 
H. & C. § 1/2-1 (15.-30.) ; Sh. & Sw. 3 Vs-l (2.-4.) ; D. gr. 
5-10 (0.3-0.6) . See morphina and mistura. 



n 1 
Opii pulveris 3 iiss 

Sodii bicarbonatis 5 iii 
Sodii chloridi 5 vi. 

M. Ft. pulv. Sig. Table- 
spoonful thrice daily 
for a horse or cow with 
acute intestinal catarrh 
and diarrhea. Tea- 
spoonful thrice daily to 
a. sow for diarrhea in 
suckling pigs (v.k.). 



IJ 2 

Opii pulveris 3 ii 

Hydrargyri chlo- 
ridi mite 3 i. 
Pulv. althaeae q.s. mas- 
sa. 

M.Ft. bolus. 
Sig. For a horse with 
acute intestinal ca- 
tarrh (influenza). 



70 



n 


3 




Opii 


pulveris 




PlllV 


. rhei aa 


3 iss. 


M. Ft. chartiilae No. iii. 


Sig. 


One powder 


daily 


in mucilaginous 


drink 


for a 


calf with diarrhea. 


^ 


5 




Opii 


pulveris 


3i 


Pulv 


althaeae 


3v. 


M. Ft. chart. No. 


iv. 


Sig. 


One every 3 


hours 



for a foal (Frohner). 



B 4 
Tincturae opii 3 i 
Acidi tannici gr. xxx 
Spiritus frumenti 3 i. 
M. Sig. Give to a foal in 
8 ounces linseed meal 
water (Schwarzmaier). 

IJ 6 

Opii pulveris gr. xxx 
Magnesii carbon- 

atis 3 i 

Pulv. rhei 3 iiss. 

M. Sig. For a calf with 
diarrhea, repeat once 
(Hertwig). 

"'Opodeldoc cf linimentum camphorae. 

Pancreatinum (Pankreatin). Cream-colored 
amorphous powder; a mixture of enzymes obtained 
from the fresh pancreas of the horse or ox. Diges- 
tant before meals. D. gr. 5-20. 

Pepsinum (Pepsin). Yellowish-white powder; 
ferment obtained from glandular layer of fresh 
stomach of pig. Digestant, less efficient than pan- 
creatin, and both are inferior to dilute hydrochloric 
acid and bitters (Stevens). D. gr. 5-10 (0.3-1.3). 

Petrolatum (Paraffin; Cosmolin; Vaselin). Pro- 
tectant and emollient; substitute for animal and 
vegetable fats in ointments; less penetrating than 
lard. Forms: Petrolatum (white); Petrolatum Liqui- 
dum (Liquid). 

*Fetrolatum Saponatum Liquidum N.F. (Liquid 
Petrox). Very similar to vasogen. Liquid petrolatum 
100, oleic acid 50, spirit of ammonia 25. Penetrating 
solvent of iodin, salicylic acid, tar, etc. Forms per- 
manent emulsion with water. Combine with cam- 
phor or chloroform equal parts; creolin (50%); 



71 

ichthyol, iodin, creosote, betanaplithol, salicylic acid 
(10%); creosote, tar, turpentine, eucalyptol (25%); 
camphor, quicksilver (33 1/3%); iodin, iodoform, sul- 
phur, thiol (5%); menthol, pyoktanin (2%). 

*Petrolatum Saponitum Spissum N.F. (Solid 
Petrox). Petrolatum 100, oleic acid 50, spirit of am- 
monia 25. Valuable base for ointments (Hydrargy- 
rum 50%). 

* Petrox cf petrolatum saponitum. 

Phenacetin cf acetphenetidinum. 

Phenol (Carbolic Acid). Colorless needle-shaped 
crystals, reddish on exposure to light. Soluble in 20 
parts water. Extern., disinfectant in badly suppu- 
rating ulcers and fistulae (inject phenol liquefactum 
followed in 1-2 minutes with alcohol) ; local sedative 
and antipruritic in eczema and pruritus (3 2-3 : pint 
1); antiseptic compress 5%; subcutaneous and 
parenchymatous injection in acute phlegmon (2%). 
Intern., tetanus: 10 cc. of 2-3% solution several times 
daily; bandage the region of the wound with 3-5% 
solution; give clysters of 1-2% solution; efficiency 
doubtful. Antiferment, antiseptic, and analgesic in 
tympany, indigestion, and diarrhea. H. & C. 3 1-2 1/^ 
(5.-10.); Sh., Sw., and D. gr. %-3 (0.05-0.2.). Admin- 
ister in emulsion (milk, oil, mucilaginous drink), or 
capsule. Stable disinfectant: 3-5% aqueous solution 
(less active in whitewash) ; or mix with whitewash, 
or clorinated lime solution to a 5% strength; or mix 
with equal parts crude sulphuric acid and use in 
2^2 to 5% aqueous solution (very active). Prepara- 
tions: Phenol Liquefactum, 86.4% Glyceritum 
PhenoUs 20%; Unguentum PhenoUs 3%. 



72 



I^ 1 




I^ 2 


Phenolis 


3 ii-iii 


Phenolis 


Acidi borici 


3iv 


Tinct. iodidi aa 3 iii 


Alcohol is 


Bi 


Aquae q.s. i. 


Glycerin! 


S ss 


M. Sig. For dry eczema. 


Aquae q.s. 


Oi. 





M. Sig. For eczema and 
pruritus (Stevens). 

Phenolsulphonates cf sodii and zinci phenolsul- 
phonas. 

Phenylis Salicylas (Salol). White powd. Soluble 
in 5 parts alcohol, readily in oils. Intern., intestinal 
antiseptic in bowel catarrh or fermentation, cystitis. 
Daily dose: H. & C. § 2-3 (60.-90.); Sh. & Sw. 3 2% 
(10.); D. gr. 15-60 (1.-4.). See bismuthi subnitras ^ 1. 

IJ 1 

Phenylis salicylatis 3 iss 

Decocti uvae ursi § vi. 

M. Sig. Tablespoonful thrice daily for -a dog with 

cystitis. 

Phosphorus. Yellowish waxy material, 99.5% 
phosphorus. Soluble in oils. Intern., nerve tonic; 
used in rachitis and osteomalacia (efficiency doubt- 
ful); promotes callus formation in fractures. H. & C. 
gr. 1/6-3/4 (0.01-0.05); D. gr. 1/120-1/32 (0.0005-0.002). 
Administer in solution of oil. Prep: Pilulae Phos- 
phori (1/100 gr.). 

Physostigminae Sulphas (Eserin Sulphate). 
Intern., cathartic in impaction and indigestion; con- 
traindicated in dyspnea or tympany. H. gr. i/^-l 
(0.03-0.065); C. gr. 1-2 (0.065-0.13). Per subcutis. 
Repeat in % to 2 hours according to symptoms 
(pulse, distress). Antidote: atropin. Extern., in 
ophthalmology to decrease intraocular pressure and 
contract pupil in periodic ophthalmia w^here it is 
sometimes alternated with atropin. 



73 



n 1 
Physostigminae 



I^ 2 
Physostigminae 



salicylatis gr. ss salicylatis gr. iii 

Aquae distil. 3 i. Aquae distil. ^ i. 

M. Sig. Two drops daily M. Sig. Inject into the 

in the eye of a dog with eye once daily as a my- 

hydrophthalmus. ] otic in periodic ophthal- 

mia. 

Phytolacca (Poke Root; Garget). Emetic and 
alterative. Said to decrease the milk flow in mas- 
titis. H. & C. B 1 (30.) 3-4 times daily. 

Pilocarpinae Hydrochloridum. Crystaline alka- 
loid. Freely soluble in water. Laxative in impac- 
tions or torpidity (combine with eserin) ; diaphoretic 
in acute laminitis. H. gr. 4-7 (0.3-0.5); C. gr. 7-12 
(0.5-0.8). Expectorant and diaphoretic in first stage 
of acute fevers. H. & C. gr. 11/2-3 (0.1-0.2); Sh. & 
Sw. gr. 1/3 (0.02); D. gr. 1/12-1/3 (0.005-0.02); Cat, 
gr. 1/60-1/20 (0.001-0.003). Contraindications: chronic 
diseases of the heart and lungs, pharyngitis, tetanus. 

*Pix Burgundica. Rubefacient, used in blisters. 
See cantharides. 

Pix Liquida (Pine Tar). Soluble in alcohol, oil, 
and alkaline solutions. Intern., expectorant in 
chronic bronchitis and pharyngitis per os or inhala- 
tion; stomachic in ruminants in gastric catarrh and 
diarrhea. H. & C. 3 2i^-6 (10.-25.); Sh. & Sw. 3 i/^-l 
(2.-5.); D. gr. 1/10-1 (0.006-0.065). Administer in cap- 
sule, or in 7 parts syrup. Extern., antiseptic in 
chronic eczema (alone, in alcohol, ointment, or sapo 
mollis), foot-rot, and against flies. Used in making 
tar bandages. Preparations: Oleum Picis Liquidae. 
Unguentum Picis Liquidae. ^Syrupus Pini StroM 
Compositus N.F. (Compound Syrup of White Pine). 



74 



I^ 1 
Acidi salicylic! 
Creolini aa 

Picis liquidae 
Sulphuris subli- 

mati aa 

Olei gossypii q.s, 
M. Sig. For eczema and 
mange. 



3 iv 



Sii 
Oi. 



I^ 2 
Picis liquidae 
Sapo mollis aa B ii 
Alcoholis S i. 

M. Sig. Tar liniment in 
chronic eczema (Froh- 
ner). 



I^ 3 




n 4 




Picis liquidae 




Acidi salicylic! 


5 


Sulphuris subli- 




Picis liquidae 


25 


mati aa 


Siii 


Sapo mollis 


150 


Sapo mollis 




M. 




Alcoholis aa 


§vi. 






M. Vienna tar liniment 






for mange in a horse. 







I^ 5 

Picis liquidae S viii 

Potassii hydroxidi § iv 
Aquae 3 xx. 

M. Liquor Picis Alka- 
linus N.F. 

PlumbI Acetas (Lead Acetate; Sugar of Lead). 
Crystals or powder. Soluble in 3 parts water, 5 
glycerin, 30 alcohol. Intern., astringent in diarrhea, 
gastro-intestinal hemorrhage, acute nephritis. H. 3 
%-l^^ (2.-6.); C. gr. 15-45 (1.-3.); Sh. & Sw. gr. 4-15 
(0.3-1.); D. gr. %A (0.05-0.3). 1-2 times daily in 
electuary or solution. Extern., sedative and astrin- 
gent antiseptic on bruises, wounds, scratches, etc. 
(5-10%). Prep. Liquor Plumhi Subacetatis (Goul- 
ard's Extract). Lead acetate 18, lead oxid 11, water 
to 100. Useful in scratches, contusions, and acute 
skin diseases (1:4-8 ointment, or lard oil). Eye- 
wash in 1-3% aqueous solution. Do not use on cor- 
neal injuries. Liquor PlumM Suiacetatis Dilutus 



75 

(4% aqueous solution of Goulard's extract). See 
alumen I^ 1 for Burrow's solution. 

I^ 2 
Talci 

Zinci oxidi 
Amj^li 

Glycerini aa 5 

Liq. plumbi sub- 
acetatis diluti 



^ 1 
Zinci sulphatis 3 vi 

Plumbi acetatis § i 
Aquae O i. 

M. "White Lotion" for 
scratches, abrasions, 
galls, and bruises. 



q.s. 100. 

Sig. Shake before using 
(Schindelka). 

Plumbi lodidum (Lead lodid). Heavy powder. 
Desiccant in thrush; promotes horn growth on ex- 
posed fleshy frog; effective in first stage of canker. 
Prep: Ungueiitum Plumhi loclidi (10%); resorbent in 
non-suppurative adenitis. 

n 1 
Sodii iodidi 3 i 

Plumbi iodidi 

01. olivae aa 3 iiss. 

M. Ft. unguentum. 

Sig. Apply under bandage in pustular dermatitis of 
the extremities of the dog, specific (v.k.). 

Plumbi Nitras (Lead Nitrate). White crystals. 
Soluble in 2 parts water. Used pure or in concen- 
trated solution in canker. 

Plumbi Oxidum cf liquor plumbi subacetatis. 

Podophyllum (Mandrake; May Apple). Dried 
rhizome. Drastic cathartic. H. 3 l-2i/^ (5.-10.); C. 
3 2-4 (8.-15.); D. gr. iy2-4 (0.1-0.25). Preparation: 
Resina PodophylU (Podophyllin). D. gr. 1/12-1/8 
thrice daily. 

Potassii Acetas (Potassium Acetate). Soluble in 
0.4 parts water. Intern., diuretic and resolvent in 
dropsical effusions (hydrothorax, ascites) ; useful and 



76 

non-irritating potash salt; action about the same as 
sodium bicarbonate. Daily dose: H. & C. § 1-2 
(30.-60.); Sh. & Sw. 3 2V2A (10.-15.); D. gr. 25-50 
(2.-4.). 

Potassii Bicarbonas (Potassium Bicarbonate). 
Uses and dosage as potassii acetas. 

Potassii Bitartras (Cream of Tartar). Dose and 
usage as potassii acetas. 

Potassii Bromidum (Potassium Bromid). Crys- 
tals. Sol. in 1.6 parts water. Nerve depressant in 
spasms, epilepsy, eclampsia, cerebral irritation, and 
nymphomania. Daily dose: H. & C. § 1-3 (30.-90.); 
Sh. & Sw. 3 1-21/2 (5.-10.); D. gr. 4-60 (0.25-4.). 

IJ 2 
Potassii bromidi § iii 
Pulv. glycyrrhizae S i 
Aq. com. q.s. electua- 
rium. 

M. Sig. Two doses for 
nymphomania in a 
mare. 



n 1 

Ammoniac bro- 
midi gr. XXXV 

Potassii bromidi 

Sodii bromidi aa 3 i 

Aquae distil. 5 v. 

M. Ft. sol. 

Sig. Teaspoonful twice 

daily for a dog with 

nervous distemper. 

Potassii Carbonas. Extern., solvent and cleans- 
ing agent on skin. 4-8% aqueous solution. 

Potassii Chloras (Potassium Chlorate). Soluble 
in 17 parts water. Intern., antiseptic in stomatitis 
and pharyngitis (S 1-2 in a pail of water). Dose: 
diuretic: H. & C. 3 1-21/2 (5.-10.); Sh. & Sw. 3 1/2-I 
(2.-4.); D. gr. li^-15 (0.1-1.). In electuary (honey) or 
dilute solution. Fatal dose: H. § 8; C. § 16. Extern., 
antiseptic in stomatitis and pharyngitis (3-5%) in 
solution or electuary; desiccant antiseptic on ulcers. 



I^ 1 

Potassii chloratis 3 i 

Syrupi simplex 5 ii- 

M. Ft. sol. 

Sig. Teaspoonful thrice 

daily for a dog with 

pharyngitis. 



77 

IJ 2 
Potassii chloratis § iss 
Pulv. glycyrrhizae et 
syrupi q.s. electuarium. 
Sig. Give on the tongue 
with a paddle for a 
horse with pharyngitis 
(daily dose). 

Potassii Citras (Potassium Citrate). Uses and 
dosage as potassii acetas. 

Potassii Dichromas (Potassium Bichromate). 
Caustic in canker, grease, new formations. Ointment 
or aqueous solution (5-10%). Astringent in weak so- 
lutions (2%). 

Potassii Hydroxidum (Potassium Hydroxid; Caus- 
tic Potash; KOH). Dry white flakes or hard white 
sticks. Soluble in 0.4 parts water. Extern., caustic 
on small warts and tumors. Prevents growth of 
horns in calves. Prep: Liquor Potassii Hydroxidi 
(Solution of Potassium Hydroxid), 5%. 

Potassii iodidum (Potassium lodid; KI). Crys- 
tals, Soluble in 1 part water. Intern., specific in 
actinomycosis, alterative and resorbent in chronic 
bronchitis and laryngitis (cough), chronic metallic 
poisoning (lead), goitre, fistula of the spermatic cord, 
botryomycosis, and periodic ophthalmia. Alterative 
in a wide variety of affections, true value undeter- 
mined. Actinomycosis in cows: 3 l^/^ daily for two 
weeks, with improvement gradually reduce the dose. 
H. & C. 3 1-21/2 (5.-10.) ; Sh. & Sw. 3 1/2-1 (2.-4.) ; D. 
gr. 71/2-15 (0.5-1.) . Daily. 



78 



I^ 1 
Potassii iodicli 3 i 

Aq. distil. S iv 

Syrupi acaciae 5 i- 

M. Ft. sol. 

Sig.Tablespoonful thrice 
daily for a dog with 
pneumonia. 



I^ 2 

Potassii iodidi 3 ii 

Aq. com. O i. 

M. Ft. sol. 

Sig. One ounce 2-3 times 
daily for a horse with 
chronic cough (laryn- 
gitis). 



Potassii Nitras (Potassium Nitrate; Saltpeter; 
Niter). Intern., diuretic, inferior to acetate of potash 
on account of irritating and depressant effect (Ste- 
vens). H. & C. 3 1-5 (5.-20.); Sh. & Sw. 3 1/2-1 (2.-5.); 
D. gr. 2-TY2 (0.2-0.5). In electuary or solution. 

Potassii Permanganas (Potassium Permanga- 
nate). Extern., antiseptic in stomatitis, fetid ulcers, 
metritis, etc. (1-2%). Remove stain with sat. sol. of 
oxalic acid. Powder thickly and bandage in verru- 
cose dermatitis (grease-heel). Intern., antidote in 
morphin poisoning. H. & C. 3 i/^-l (2.-4.); Sh. & Sw. 
gr. 3-6 (0.2-0.4); D. gr. Vs-l (0.03-0.065). 

*Potassii Picras (Potassium Picrate). Small yel- 
low crystals or powder; explosive, use cork stopper. 
Soluble in 230 parts cold water, 15 parts boiling wa- 
ter. Intern., in stomach-worm disease (strongylus 
contortus) in lambs in doses of grains l^/^ in two 
ounces of water; lung-worm disease in lambs in in- 
tratracheal injections of 5 cc. of a 0.2% solution; 
lung-worm disease in cattle in intratracheal injec- 
tions of 20-60 cc. of a 1:1000 solution. 

*Protargolum (Protargol). Proteid compound. 
8.3% silver. Slowly soluble in 2 parts cold water. 
Intern., purpura (3 2-5 of a 5% solution 2-3 times 
daily per vein). Extern., antiseptic in wounds and 
fistulae 3%; quittor 10% twice daily combined with 



79 

spirits of camphor bandage; conjunctivitis 1-10% 
(non-irritating); otitis 3-6%. 

*Pulvis. See acid boric (pulvis antisepticus), 
amylum, magnesii oxidum, acetanilid, acid benzoic^ 
acid salicylic, acid tannic, alumen, bismuthi iodosub- 
gallas, bismuthi subnitras, chloretone, chalk, calomel, 
calcii hydras, carbo ligni, galla, iodoform, kaolinum, 
menthol, naphthalin, talcum, and zinci oxidi. 
*PuIvis Antisepticus cf acidum boricum, 
*Pyoktanin (Methyl-blue). Antiseptic on wounds, 
abrasions, and saddle bruises (2-5% alcoholic solu- 
tion) scratches (powder, cone, or alcoholic solution); 
conjunctivitis in 0.1% solution. 

Pyoktanin gr. i 

Zinci oxidi 3 i 

Petrolati B ii 

Tinct. iodidi 3 ss. 

M. Sig. For scratches. 

*Pyrethrum (Persian Insect Powder). Insecti- 
cide in form of powder or wash (10%). 

Pyrogallol (Pyrogallic Acid). White crystals. 
Soluble in 2 parts water. Extern., antiseptic in 
chronic eczema (5% ointment) ; useful in breaking of 
the hair (trichorrhexia nodosa) and alopecia (5% 
solution). 

Quassia. Intern., stomachic, uses and dosage as 
gentian. Extern., anthelmintic for rectal worms 
(oxyurus). Infusion of 4 ounces of chips to 4 quarts 
of water per rectum. 

Quercus (White Oak). Dried bark. Uses: as 
tannin. H. & C. ^ 1-2 (30.-60.); Sh. & Sw. 3 l-2i/^ 
(5.-10.); D. and Cat, gr. 15-75 (1.-5.). 

*Quininae et Ureae Hydrochioridum (Quinine and 
Urea Hydrochlorid). Contains about 60% quinine. 



80 



Intern., use and dosage as quinine. Extern., substi- 
tute for eocain in the production of local anesthesia, 
in some cases the action is said to be prolonged for 
several days. Use in i/4-l% solution for subcutaneous 
injection; 10-20% on mucous membranes. 

Quininae Sulphas (Quinine Sulphate). Soluble in 
acidulated water, or alcohol. Intern., antipyretic in 
septicemia, purpura, chilling, early stages of influ- 
enza, etc. Retards metabolism, and migration of 
leucocytes. Stomachic in debility. H. 3 2i^-5 
(10.-20.); C. 3 4-6 (15.-25.); Sh. & Sw. 3 i^-l (2.-5.). 
Give in single daily dose in the morning (Prohner). 

Resorcinol (Resorcin). Soluble in water or alco- 
hol. Extern., antiseptic on wounds (1% solution, 
10% ointment), scratches (2-25% ointment), and ec- 
zema (1-5%). Intern., intestinal antiseptic in diar- 
rhea. H. 3 1 (5.); C. 3 l-2i^ (5.-10.); Sh. & Sw. 3 1/2 
(2.). Thrice daily. 



n 1 

Resorcinolis 1 

Sulphuris sublimati 40 



Adipis 
M. Sig 
(Joseph). 



30. 
For seborrhea 



I^ 3 

Resorcinolis 
Zinci oxidi 
Amyli 
Liq. petrox 



n 2 

Resorcinolis 
Sodii chlo- 

ridi 
Glycerini 
Liq. calcis 

q.s. 

M. Sig. For acne, folli- 
culitis, pruritus (Ste- 
vens). 



gr. xv-3 iss 

gr. XV 

3ii 

3 iV. 



10 
25 
25 

40. 



M. Pasta Resorcini Mitis, Lassar N.F. 

Rhamnus Purshiana (Cascara Sagrada). Dried 
bark. Laxative in chronic constipation. Prep: Fluid- 
extractum Rhamni Purshianae. Dog, 3 V^-^Vz (2.-10.). 



81 

Rheum (Rhubarb). Stomachic in small doses in 
intestinal catarrh; astringent in medium doses in 
diarrhea; laxative in large doses. Stomachic: H. & C. 
3 21^-6 (10.-25.); Sh., Sw., Calves, Foals, 3 i/a-l (2.-5.); 
D. gr. 71/2-15 (0.5-1.); Lambs, gr. 11/2-71/2 (0.1-0.5). 
Astringent: H. & C. § 1-2 (30.-60.); Sh., Sw., Calves, 
and Foals, 3 I-21/2 (5.-10.) ; D. gr. 15-30 (1.-2.) ; Lambs, 
gr. 71/^-15 (0.5-1.). Laxative: Sh., Sw., Calves, and 
Foals, S 2-3 (60.-90.) ; D. 3 1-4 (5.-15.) ; Lambs, 3 1/2-I 
(2.-5.). Preparations: Tinctura Rhei (20%); Fluid- 
extractum Rhei. Dose: as rheum. Pulvis Rhei Com- 
positiis. Rhubarb 25, magnesia 65, ginger 10. Dose: 
2-3 times rheum. 

Saccharum (Sugar). Pulverized. 

Saccharum Lactis (Milk Sugar). Pulverized. 
Flavoring agent. 

Sal Ammoniac cf ammonium chlorid. 

*Sal Carolinum Factitium N.F. (Artificial Carls- 
bad Salts). Amorphous: dried sodii sulphas 44, sodii 
chloridum 18, sodii bicarbonas 36, potassii sulphas 2. 
Intern., resorbent in exudates and transudates 
(edema); stomachic in gastro-intestinal catarrh; ca- 
thartic (rarely). H. «S, C. g 1-3 (25.-100.); Sh. & Sw. 
3 1^-21/2 (2.-10.); D. & Cat, gr. 4-15 (0.25-1.). 

I^ 1 
Sal Carolini factitii S xvi 

Pulv. gentianae 
Pulv. nucis vomicae aa H viii. 
M. Ft. pulv. 

Sig. Tablespoonful thrice daily as a stomachic for a 
horse or cow. 

Salol cf phenylis salicylas. 

*Salunguene. Soap containing 10% free salicylic 
acid or salicylic ester. Extern., resorbent in rheuma- 



82 

tism, distorsions, phlegmons, tendinitis, tendovagini- 
tis, and mastitis. 

Sanguinaria (Bloodroot). Dried root. Intern., 
emetic and stimulant expectorant, rarely used, irri- 
tating. 

Santoninum (Santonin). Anthelmintic. H. & C. 
3 21/2-5 (10.-25.); Sh. 3 Va-l (2.-4.); Sw. gr. 15 (1.); D. 
gr. %-3 (0.05-0.2) . Follow with calomel or oil in dog. 

B 1 
Santonini gr. vi 

Sacchari lactis gr. xx. 

M. Ft. chartulae No. xxx. 

Sig. One powder every three hours for a dog with 
worms. 

Sapo (Hard Soap; Castile Soap). 

Sapo Mollis (Soft Soap; Green Soap). Yellow- 
ish-brown. Uses: in liniments and ointment to 
cleanse and soften the skin; resorbent when applied 
with massage in mastitis, phlegmons, sprains, and 
strains. Antiseptic, see acidum carbolicum crudum. 

n 1 

Sapo mollis § iss 

Acidi salicylici 3 ii. 

M. Sig. Rub in thoroughly. 

Scllla (Squill). Action nearly identical with 
digitalis, stronger diuretic (Frohner). Seldom used. 
H. & C. 3 1-21/2 (5.-10.); D. gr. 3-7 (0.2-0.5). 

Scopolaminae Hydrobromidum (Scopolamin Hy- 
drobromid). Identical with hyoscin, see hyoscyamus. 

Secale Cornutum cf ergota. 

Senna. Leaves. Purgative in small animals. 

Sw. 3 21/2-6 (10.-25.); D. 3 1-3 (5.-15.); Cat, gr. 15-30 
(1.-2.). In syrup. 

Silver Nitrate cf argenti nitras. 



83 

Sinapis Alba (White Mustard). 

Sinapis Nigra (Black Mustard). Intern., sto- 
machic and mild diuretic. H. B 1-2 (30.-60.); C. E 2-3 
(60.-90.); Sh. 3 l-2i^ (5.-10.). In electuary or pow- 
ders. Extern., rubefacient in form of paste with 
warm water. Pbep: Oleum Sinapis Volatile. Coun- 
ter-irritant in pneumonia, pleurisy, colic, pharyngitis; 
apply over the loins as an excitant in parturient pare- 
sis. H. 5-8%; C. 10-20%; D. 2-5% in alcohol. 

Sodii Acetas. Use and dosage as potassii acetas. 

Sodii Bicarbonas (Sodium Bicarbonate). Intern., 
stomachic and antacid alone or combined with bitters 
in gastric fermentation and catarrh; resorbent in pul- 
monary and pleural exudates; diuretic. Extern., anti- 
septic and solvent of albumen in irrigation of wounds, 
in spray, or inhalation. C. S 2-3 (60.-90.); H. 5 1-2 
(30.-60.); Sh. 3 1-21/2 (5.-10.); Sw. 3 V2-I (2.-5.); D. gr. 
71/2-15 (0.5-1.). 

n 1 

Sodii bicarbonatis 

Sodii chloridi aa § iii 

Pulv. gentianae o ii- 

M. Sig. Tablespoonful thrice daily for a horse with 

gastric catarrh. 

Sodii Boras (Borax). Soluble in 20 parts water, 
1 glycerin. Antiseptic. 

Sodii Bromidum. Use and dosage as potassium 
bromide. * 

Sodii Chloridum (Sodium Chlorid; Salt; NaCl). 
Intern., stomachic in gastro-intestinal catarrh; pro- 
motes metabolism in chronic malnutrition (anemia) ; 
resolvent in edematous conditions; diuretic; stimu- 
lant per vein, subcutis, or rectum (0.6%) in heart 
weakness, severe hemorrhage, dysentery, and col- 
lapse: H. & C. 4-5 quarts, medium size 2 quarts, small 



84 

animals 8-16 ounces. See sal Carolinum factitium. 
H. & C. 5 1-3 (30.-90.); Sh. & Sw. 3 1/2-21/2 (2.-10.); D. 
gr. 15-30 (1.-2.). Extern., antiseptic (dissolves albu- 
men) in catarrhal inflammation of mucous mem- 
branes, and in excessive exudation. 

Sodii Hydroxidum (Sodium Hydroxid; Caustic 
Soda). Use and action as potassii hydroxidum. 

Sodii Hypophosphis (Sodium Hypophosphite) cf 
sodii thiosulphas. 

Sodii lodidum (Sodium lodid). Use and dosage 
as potassium iodid. 

Sodii Nitras. Use and dosage as potassii nitras. 

Sodii Nitris (Sodium Nitrite; NaNO,). Soluble 
in IVz parts water. Intern., vasodilator, action prac- 
tically identical with amyl nitrite, less rapid and 
more lasting. Use: as nitroglycerin. H. & C. gr. 
10-30 (0.65-2.); Sh. & Sw. gr. 1-5 (0.065-0.3); D. gr. 
1/2-3 (0.03-0.2). 

Sodii Phenoisuiphonas (Sodium Phenolsulphon- 
ate; Sodium Sulphocarbolate). Soluble in 5 parts 
water. Intestinal antiseptic in acute catarrh and 
diarrhea. H. «S. C. 3 2-8 (8.-30.) ; Sh. & Sw. gr. 15-60 
(1.-4.); D. gr. 10-30 (0.6-2.). 

Sodii Salicylas (Sodium Salicylate). Use and ac- 
tion as acidum salicylicum. Daily dose: H. § 
2-3 (60.-90.); C. § 21/2-5 (75.-150.); Sh. 3 21/2-6 (10.-25.); 
Sw. 3 1-21/2 (5.-10.); D. gr. 15-45 (1.-3.). 

IJ 1 
Sodii salicylatis 
Pulv. althaeae aa 100 

M. Ft. chartulae No. iv. 

Sig. One powder in a drench every 3 hours for a cow, 
or as electuary for a horse with rheumatism (v.k.). 

Sodii Sulphas (Sodium Sulphate; Glauber's Salt; 



85 

NEoSO^). Soluble in 3 parts water. Cathartic in in- 
digestion. H. B 8-16 (250.-500.); C. E 16-32 (500.-1000.); 
Sh. 5 2-^3 (60.-90.); Sw. § 1-2 (30.-60.); D. 3 21/2-6 
(10.-25.). In solution or electuary. Stomachic, re- 
solvent, and laxative in gastro-intestinal catarrh, 
edemas, serous exudates, etc. H. & C. § 1-3 (30.-90.); 
Sh. 3 21/2-6 (10.-25.); Sw. 3 1/2-I (2.5.); D. gr. 15-30 
(1.-2.). Note. — The dried sodium sulphate is pre- 
pared by slowly drying the crystalline salt which is 
spread in a thin layer and exposed to the air until 
it has lost one-half its weight. 

Sodii Thiosulphas (Sodium Hyposulphate). Sol- 
uble in 1 part water. Intern., antacid and antiseptic 
in gastric tympany. H. & C. § i^-2 (15.-60.); Sh. & 
Sw. 3 1^-1 (2.-4.); D. gr. 5-30 (0.3-2.). Extern, para- 
siticide in ringworm. 

Sparteinae Sulphas. Alkaloid from broom tops. 
Heart depressant, similar to coniin. H. gr. 15-75 
(1.-5.); D. gr. 11/2-71/2 (0.1-0.5). 

Splrltus Aetherls. Intern., stimulant in collapse, 
antispasmodic in colic, contraindicated in tympany. 
H. & C. S V2-I (15.-30.) ; Sh. & Sw. 3 i^-2 (2.-8.) ; D. 
TTt. 8-15 (0.5-1.) ; stimulant per subcutis for horse 3 
1 (4.). 

Splritus Aetherls Nitrosl (Sweet Spirit of Niter). 
Diaphoretic and diuretic in first stages of fever 
(small frequent doses); antispasmodic in colic; 
stimulant. H. & C. B 1-3 (30.-90.); Sh. & Sw. 3 2-4 
(8.-15.); D. -ni. 10-60 (0.6-4.). In capsule, liquor am- 
monii acetatis, or water. Deteriorates when ex- 
posed. 



86 



n 1 

Tinct. aconiti § i 

Spiritus aetheris 

nitrosi B iv 

Liq. ammonii aceta- 

tis q.s. S viii. 

M. Sig. Tablespoonful 
every 2-3 hours. 



Ij^ 2 
Spiritus glycerylis 

nitratis 3 iii 

Spiritus aetheris 

nitrosi B iv 

Chloroformi 3 iii 

Alcoholis 5 V 

Liq. ammonii aceta- 

tis q.s. § xvi. 

M. Sig. One ounce ev- 
ery 2-4 hours for a 
horse. 

Spiritus Ammoniae (10% NH3). See petrolatum 
saponatum. 

Spiritus Ammoniae Aromaticus. Heart and res- 
piratory stimulant in collapse, depression, dyspnea, 
pulmonary congestion; antacid in indigestion, colic 
(tympany, spasmodic colic). H. & C. § 1-2 (30.-60.); 
Sh. & Sw. 3 2-4 (8.-15.); D. 3 1/2-I (2.-4.). Administer 
in capsule, or dilute 1:10 in water or linseed water. 

Spiritus Frumenti (Whiskey) cf alcohol. 

Spiritus Glycerylis Nitratis. A 1% solution of 
glycerylis nitras. Vasodilator and respiratory seda- 
tive in congestion of the lungs, pulmonary edema, 
bronchitis, pulmonary emphysema in dogs, and he- 
moptysis. H. & C. 3 1-2 (4.-8.); D. lU- V4.-2 (0.01-0.14). 
*GlyceryIis Nitratis (Nitroglycerin; Glonoin; Trini- 
trin). Oily fluid. Incorporated into tablets which 
soon deteriorate. H. & C. gr. 14-% (0.016-0.05); D. 
gr. 1/200-1/50 (0.0003-0.0013). 



n 1 

Spiritus glycerylis 

nitr. TTL. xv 

Glycerini 3 iiss 

Aquae distil. B iii. 

M. Ft. sol. 

Sig. Teaspoonful thrice 
daily for a dog with pul- 
monary emphysema. 



n 2 

Spiritus glycerylis 

nitratis 3 iv 

Alcoholis dil. q.s. 5ii. 
M. Sig. One dram every 
15 minutes to 1 hour 
for a horse. 



87 



Spiritus glycerylis nitratis 3 ii. 

Sig. In drinking water thrice daily for a horse with 

heaves. 

*Spiritus Sinapis cf sinapis. 

Staphisagria (Stavesacre). Seeds. Parasiticide 
(lice, fleas) in form of oil 1 to olive oil 8; or decoc- 
tion of seeds. 

Starch cf amylum, 

*Stovain. Soluble white crystals. Anesthetic, 
less toxic than cocain, vasodilator, used mainly in 
eye practice (4%). 

Stramonium (Jamestown Weed; Thorn Apple). 
Contains hyoscin, hyoscyamin, and atropin. Action 
and uses as belladonna. See lobelia. 

Strophanthus. Circulatory stimulant, and diu- 
retic, similar to digitalis; absorption and elimination 
more rapid. Preparations: Tinctura Stroplianthi. 
H. & C. 3 21/2-6 (10.-25.); Sh. & Sw. 111. 5-20 (0.3-1.3); 
D. TTi. 2-10 (0.13-0.6). Strophmithinum. Mixture of 
glucosids. H. & C. gr. 1/6 (0.01); D. gr. 1/300-1/60 
(0.00025-0.001). Per subcutis (irritant), or vein. 



I^ 1 
Tincturae strophanthi 
Pulv. athaeae aa 5 ii 
Aq. com. q.s. massa. 
M. Ft. boli No. vi. 
Sig. One pill twice daily 
for a horse with heart 
weakness. 



B 2 

Tincturae stro- 
phanthi 5 iss 

F. E. nucis vomi- 
cae § i 

Spiritus ammoniac 
aromatici ^ iv 

Aquae q.s. § xii. 

M. Sig. One ounce every 

half-hour to two hours 

in collapse and heart 

weakness. 



Strychninae Sulphas cf nux vomica. 



88 



Styrax (Storax). Uses: as balsam Peru. 

Sublimate cf hydrargyrum chloridum corrosivum. 

Sulphocarbolates cf zinci and sodii phenolsul- 
phonas. 

Sulphur Lotum (Washed Sulphur). Prep: Un- 
guentum Sulphuris. Washed sulphur 15, benzoinated 
lard 75. 

Sulphur Praecipitatum (Praecipitated Sulphur). 
See zinci oxidi I^ 7. 

I^ 1 

Sulphuris sublimati 
Potassii carbonatis aa 5 
Petrolati 20. 

M. Sig. For eczema, mange, etc. 

Sulphur Sublimatum (Flowers of Sulphur; Sub- 
limed Sulphur) . Stimulant and parasiticide in chronic 
skin diseases. See pix liquida I^ 1. 



n 1 

Sulphuris sublimati 50 
Hydrargyri 5 

Pulv. cantharidis 20 
Petrolati 400. 

M, Ft. unguentum. 
Sig. Ointment for sum- 
mer mange, acne, etc. in 
the horse (Frohner). 

I^ 3 

Calcii carbonatis 

praecipitati 10 

Sulphuris sublimati 15 
Olei cadini 15 

Sapo mollis 30 

Adipis 30. 

M. Unguentum Sul- 
phuris Compositum N.F. 



IJ 2 

Calcii hydroxidi 16.5 
Sulphuris sublimati 25. 
Aquae q.s. 100. 

M. Liquor Calcis Sul- 
phuratae N.F. Useful in 
mange and eczema. 



I^ 4 
Sulphuris sublimati 20 
Calcis 16 

Aquae 100. 

Make lime into thin 
paste, add sulphur, add 
25 water and boil 2 
hours, draw off water, 
add water to make 100. 
Lime and Sulphur Dip 
B.A.L 



89 



Sulphuris lodidum (Sulphur lodid). Extern., very 
efficient in chronic eczema, ringworm, mange. In 
1:8-10 oil. Apply with a stiff brush. Tinct. iodin § 4, 
sublimed sulphur § 1, boil, the cool mass is sulphur 
iodid; or prepare as in U. S. P. 

*Sun Cholera Cure cf mistura. 

*Suprarenal Extract cf adrenalin. 

Syrupus (Syrup). Sugar 85, water 100. May sub- 
stitute molacses or honey. 

*Tabacum (Tobacco). Parasiticide. Do not ex- 
ceed 5% of the decoction in water. 

Talcum (Magnesium Silicate; Soapstone). Pro- 
tectant and desiccant in acute skin diseases. 



n 1 


I^ 2 




Acidi salicylici 3 


Acidi salicylici 


3 


Acidi borici 100 


Amyli 


70 


Talci 87. 


Talci 


27 


M. Pulvis Talci Salicyli- 


M. (Schindelka). 




cus N.F. 







*TalIianine. Ozonized terpene. Used in pectoral 
influenza, dog distemper, azoturia, etc. Clinical re- 
ports are very conflicting. Efficiency doubtful, H. & C. 
3 21^-2 (10.-25.); D. TTt. 15-75 (1.-5.). Per vein. 

Tannin cf acid tannic. 

*Tannoform. Combination of formaldehyd and 
tannin. Intern., intestinal astringent and antiseptic 
in intestinal catarrh or diarrhea. H. & C. ^ 2-3 (60.- 
90,); Calves and Foals, 3 l-2i^ (5.-10.); D. gr. 15-30 
(1 -2.). Extern., our most efficient desiccant antiseptic 
on fresh or old wounds (Frohner). Use alone or 
combined with starch (1:5). 

Terbenum cf oleum terebinthinae. 

Terebinthina (Turpentine). Oleoresin, Extern., 



90 

in oint. to promote granulations; used in blisters. See 
oleum terebintliinae. 

Terra Alba of kaolinum. 

*Theobromina. Alkaloid closely related to caf- 
fein. H. 3 21/2 (10.); D. gr. 8-15 every 2 hours in 
ascites. 

*Therapogen. An alcoholic and aqueous solu- 
tion of terpenes and naphthalin. Non-irritating anti- 
septic and deodorant (3%). 8 ounces of i/4% solution 
in warm water slowly injected into the teats in masti- 
tis. Intern., intestinal antiseptic. H. & C. S 2-4 daily. 
Administer per os, pure or dilute. H. Lieber & Co., 
4 Piatt St., N. Y. City. 

*Thioform cf bismuthi dithiosalicylas. 

Thymol. Disinfectant and deodorant. 

Thyroid Extract cf glandulae. 

Tragacantha. Protectant. Prep: MuciJago Tra- 
gacanthae. 

*Tricresol. Mixture of ortho-, para-, and meta- 
cresols. Soluble in 40 parts water. Disinfectant 
(2%); 3 times the strength of phenol; stable disin- 
fection 1-2%. See cresol. 

*Trinltrum cf spiritus glycerylis nitratis. 

*Tuberculln. Glycerinated bouillon containing 
products of growth of tubercle bacilli. The most re- 
liable agent known for the diagonsis of latent tuber- 
culosis. Dose: H. «&, C. 2 cc; Yearlings 1 cc; Calves 
under 6 mo. i/^ cc; Sheep 1/10 cc; Swine 1/5-1/2 cc; 
Dog 1/5 cc. Inject per subcutis on side of neck or 
chest in animals with normal temperature. Normal 
animals do not react. Take temperature and note 
physical condition every two hours from the eighth 
to the eighteenth hours after injection. In tubercular 
animals the temperature begins to rise (chills) in 



91 

from 6-8 hours after injection, gradually rises to the 
12th to the 24th hour, returning to normal in 24-40 
hours. Rise in temperature may begin at the 4th 
hour, or not until the 14th to 18th hour. Interpreta- 
tion of reaction (Hutyra & Marek) : A reaction is 
positive; A. with a rise of 2.6° F. or more; or B. 
Elevation above 104° F., with a rise of at least 1° 
F.; or C. A rise of 1.8° F. to 2.5° F., or above 103° 
F., in addition to an organic reaction (chills, depres- 
sion). In calves under 6 months a positive reaction 
depends on a rise to at least 105.4° F. There is no 
evidence of tuberculosis with a rise of 2.5° F., that 
does not exceed 103°, or give an organic reaction. 

Turpentine cf olei. 

Unguentum (Ointment). White wax 2, benzoi- 
nated lard 8. 

Urotropin cf hexamethylenamina. 

Urva Ursi (Bearberry. Diuretic and astringent. 
Uses and action as buchu. Dose: Fl. Ext. H. & C. 
g 2-4 (60.-120.); D. 3 i4-2 (1.-8.). 

Vaselin cf petrolatum. 

*Vasogen cf petrolatum saponatum. 

*Veratrum (Rhizome and root of green hellebore 
and white hellebore). Heart sedative and febrifuge, 
similar to aconite in the beginning of acute inflam- 
matory diseases (pneumonia); emetic in swine; 
stomachic in cattle in indigestion. H. & C. 3 1-21/4 
(5.-10.); Sh. 3 1/2-1 (2.-5.); Sw. gr. 8-35 (0.5-2.). 
Preparations : Tinc^wra Veratri. Dose: as veratrum 
*Veratrin Sulphate. H. & C. gr. 1/2-2 (0.03-0.13); Sw., 
emetic, gr. i^-i^ (0.016-0.03); Sh. gr. 1/6-1/3 (0.01- 
0.02); D. gr. 1/64-1/12 (0.001-0.005). Per subcutis or 
OS. See arecovetrol. 



92 

*VetoI. "Yohimbin-vetol". Said to contain 50% 
yohimbin. See yohimbin. Yohimbin, Merck is prefer- 
able. (Holterbacb, Schlampp). 

*Vitriol. Blue (copper sulphate or bluestone) ; 
green, (iron sulphate or copperas) ; oil of (sulphuric 
acid); white (zinc sulphate). 

Whiskey cf alcohol. 

*White Lotion cf plumbi acetas. 

WitcFi Hazel cf hamamelis. 

*Yohimbin Hydrochlorid (Merck). White crystals 
soluble in hot water. Intern., aphrodisiac in im- 
potence. H. & C. gr. %-li^ (0.05-0.1); Sh. & Sw. gr. 
1/6-1/2 (0.01-0.03); D. gr. 1/64-1/6 (0.001-0.01). Ad- 
minister 3-6 times daily in above dosage for several 
days. Discard treatment for H. & C. when at least 
2 Gm. have been given (Holterbach). 

Zinci Acetas (Zinc Acetate). Soluble in 3 parts 
water. Astringent antiseptic. Uses: as zinci sulphas. 

Zinci Carbonas Praecipitatus. Calamin is the 
crude form. Astringent, sedative, and protective in 
eczema, scratches, etc. Prep: ■•'Unguentmn Galaminae 
N.F. Calamin 1, unguentum (U. S. P.) 5. 

Zinci Chloridum (Zinc Chlorid). Soluble in 0.5 
parts water. Caustic in fistulae, ulcers, canker, and 
tumors. Use as paste (1:1-3 flour); or 40% alcoholic 
solution; or 10-20% aqueous solution. Weak antisep- 
tic and astringent. 

R 1 
Sanguinariae § iii 
Zinci chloridi 
Pulv. acaciae 
Aquae aa ^ i. 

M. Add water slowly to the consistency of putty 
("German Caustic"), Sig. Plug fistula and leave for 
5 days. 



93 



Zinci Oxidum (Zinc Oxid). Extern., astringent 
and protective in acute eczema, burns, etc. Prep: 
Unguentum Zinci Oxidi. Zinc oxid 2, benzoinated 
lard 8. 



n 1 

Zinci oxidi 
Bismuthi subnitratis 
Plumbi acetatis aa 3 i 
Taici 5 iii. 

M. Desiccant powder. 

n 3 
Zinci oxidi 60 

01. olivae 40. 

M. Zinc oil (Joseph). 



^ 5 
Acidi salicylici 2 

Zinci oxidi 

Amyli aa 24 

Petrolati 50. 

M. Pasta Zinci, Lassar 
N.F. 



I^ 2 
Zinci oxidi 3 1 

Talci 3 V 

Amyli § iii. 

M. Sig. Desiccant pow- 
der. 

IJ 4 

01. lini 

Aq. calcis 

Zinci oxidi 

Cretae aa 100. 

M. Pasta Zinci Mollis, 

Unna N.F. 

I^ 6 
Zinci oxidi 15 

Sulphuris praecipi- 

tati 10 

Silicic acid 5 

Adipis benzoin. 70. 

M. Pasta Zinci Sulphur- 
ata, Unna N.F. 



30 



B 7 

Resorcinolis 
Zinci oxidi 

Amyli aa 20 

Petrolati q.s. 100. 

M. Resorcin paste (Jo- 
seph). 



R 8 

Sulphuris praecipi- 

tati 10 

Zinci oxidi 

Amyli aa 20 

Glycerin! 

Aquae aa 100. 

M. Sulphur lotion (Jo- 
seph). 

Zinci Phenolsulphonas (Zinc Sulphocarbolate). 
Gastrointestinal antiseptic and astringent in diarrhea 
of acute intestinal catarrh. H. & C. 3 1-4 (5.-15.); 
Sh. & Sw. gr. 8-30 (0.5-2.); D. gr. 5-20 (0.3-1.3). 



94 

Zinci Sulphas (White Vitriol; Zinc Vitriol). Sol- 
uble in 1 part water, 3 glycerin. Extern., astringent 
in catarrhal and suppurative conjunctivitis (0.5-2% 
solution), otorrhea (1-5%). See plumbi acetas. 
Intern., emetic. Sw. gr. 8-16 (0.5-1.); D. gr. IV2AV2 
(0.1^0.3). 

Zingiber (Ginger). Intern., uses and action as 
capsicum. H. 3 2-8 (8.-30.); C. S 1-4 (30.-120.); Sh. & 
Sw. 3 1-2 (4.-8.); D. gr. 5-15 (0.3-1). Preparations: 
Fluidextractum Zingiheris. Dose: as zingiber. Tinc- 
tura Zingiheris 20%. H. & C. 5 2-4 (60.-120.); Sh. 
& Sw. 3 2-4 (8.-15.); D. 3 Mj-I (2.-4.). 



5. Treatment of Diseases. 

Abortion, Contagious. Segregate recent aborters 
and cows about to abort (rapid swelling of tbe udder 
and vulva, vaginal discharge). Destroy fetus and 
afterbirth. Disinfect the stables: phenol, calx, chlori- 
nated lime, sulphuric acid, formalin, liquor cresolis 
compositus. Disinfect frequently the floors and gut- 
ters of stalls containing suspected animals. Cow: 
irrigate the uterus daily to three times a week with 
a 1-2% solution of creolin or a 0.1% solution of potas- 
sium permanganate until a week or more after the 
discharge stops, then wait 1-2 months before breed- 
ing. Cleanse the external genitals, tail, etc., and dis- 
infect them with a 3% creolin solution. Bull: clip 
the preputial hairs, douche preputial sac with a i/^-l% 
creolin solution before and after each service. 

Abscess. Promote resorption or encapsulation 
with hot antiseptic packs, alcohol bandage, iodin or 
cantharides blister. Free incision, irrigation, tampon 
of sublimate gauze for 24 hours, then open treatment 
(daily irrigation followed with antiseptic dusting- 
powder). Deep abscess: exploratory incision or punc- 
ture for diagnosis, insert tube for drainage. 

Acne (Summer Surfeit; Heat-, Sweat-, or Harness 
Eczema). Sulphur sublimatum I^ 2 and 3, sulphur 
lotum (ung.), zinci oxidum IJ 5 and 6, pix liquida IJ 1, 
acidum tannicum R, 2, resorcinol IJ 1 to 3, liquor 
calcis sulphurata, acid chromic 3%. 

Actinomycosis. Extirpate subcutaneous growths; 
or incise and slough out with copper sulphate 
crystals; intraglandular injection of Lugol's solution; 
potassium iodid internally (specific). 



96 

Alopecia. Symptomatic: frequent washing with 
solutions of potassium or sodium carbonate, or borax, 
followed with simple ointment. Antiseptics: resorcin 
5%; pyrogallol 10%; alcoholic sublimate. Rubefaci- 
ents: capsicum I^ 1. Plenty of grooming, frequent 
creolin baths, sunlight, exercise, and intensive feed- 
ing. 

Alveolar Emphysema (Heaves). Suppress symp- 
toms. Diet: feed straw instead of hay, with grain 
d?et largely of bran. Run the hay through a feed 
cutter, moisten and mix it with the grain, feed 
roughage not more than twice daily. Intern., alkalies, 
respiratory sedatives, tonics, and alteratives. Calx; 
arserii trioxidum; potassium iodid; spiritus glycerylis 
nitratis, helladonna; grindelia; ergota; prolonged use 
of Carlsbad salts; lime water; lobelia. 

Anemia. Secondary: intense feeding, sunlight, 
fresh air, care of the skin. Intern., nux vomica, 
hydrochloric acid, arsenic, vermifuges in the young. 
Primary: H. & C: ferri reductum, ferri sulphas, 
tonics and bitters. Dog: ferri citras or ferri carbonas 
saccharatus. Infectious (Swamp Fever) : prophylac- 
tic. 

Anthrax. Local: as septic phlegmon — free in- 
cision, strong disinfectants, cauterization; or paren- 
chymatous injection (phenol 3%, creolin 5%) around 
the margin of the swelling, followed by cool antiseptic 
packs (alcoholic sublimate, phenol). Intern., as 
septicemia — stimulants (ol. camphor per subcutis, 
alcohol) ; intestinal antiseptics (creolin 5 iv every 15 
minutes for one hour, then every two hours until 
temperature falls). Anthrax serum per vein. Treat- 
ment is usually hopeless. Prophylaxis: remove all 
animals from the infected fields; disinfect the stables 
(phenol, calx, liquor cresolis compositus) ; bury all 



97 

cadavers without skining and cover them with lime; 
drain and till infected soil. Take temperatures three 
times daily and segregate those with fever. Anthrax 
vaccine for well animals. 

Aphtha cf stomatitis. 

Arthritis. Acute. Sprains: absolute rest; cold 
for first 24 hours (cold irrigation, ice packs, baths) ; 
follow with hot compress, alcohol or camphor band- 
age, cataplasma kaolini, massage and rubefacients 
(linimentum., iodin, mercurial ointmient) under band- 
age. Pyemic cf navel-ill; compression for serous 
distensions following influenza. Chronic. Deform- 
ing: ringl)one and spavin: point-fire, and blister, 
followed with 1-3 months rest; neurectomy; slight 
spavins may respond to mercurial resorbents (hy- 
drarg, chloridi corrosivum I^ 1 and 2, hydrargyri 
iodidum rubrum IJ 1) without prolonged rest; shoe 
with high heel-calks. Carpitis: blisters under tar 
bandage; fixation bandage (plaster cast). Serous 
(Bog Spavin; Wind Puff): massage and rubefacients 
(tincture of iodin, liniments, mercurial ointment) 
with compress in early stages; blister beneath band- 
age in subacute and chronic forms (hydrargyri 
iodidum rubrum 1:5). 

Ascites. Treat the primary diesease — heart, 
kidneys, liver, lungs. Diuretics: infusion digitalis 
(cardiac), strophanthus, potassium salts, juniperus, 
caffein (nephritic), calomel. Paracentesis. Laxatives. 

Azoturia. Rest on a deep bedding of straw; turn 
every 4-6 hours; clysters and mild laxatives (salts, 
arecolin I/2 gr.) to evacuate bowels; relieve retention 
of urine (catheter, pressure on bladder per rectum) ; 
heat and massage with mild rubefacients over affected 
muscles (spirits of mustard, linimentum, Priessnitz 



98 

pack) ; raise in slings when able to support weight 
on legs. Avoid severe cathartics that weaken the 
patient. Bleeding from jugular (conflicting reports). 
Sodium bromide § ii in a quart of water, with 4 
pounds of sugar within an hour; repeat in 12 hours 
(Drouin). Camphor or caffein in heart weakness. 
Adrenalin per subcutis or vein. 

Bog Spavin cf arthritis. 

Bots cf carbon disulphid. 

Bronchitis. Acute. Rest; fresh air free from 
dust and drafts; warm coverings; laxative food 
(carrots, clean hay, bran, oats) ; air moisture about 
65%; rubefacient on chest (sinapis). For dry cough 
sedatives and sedative expectorante ; apomorphin 1$. 
2; antimonii et potassii tartras IJ 2; codein I^ 2-3; 
aqua amygdalae I^ 1-2; ipecac and tartar emetic are 
of special value in acute sthenic attacks. Inhalants: 
menthol, creolin, benzoin, turpentine. Diaphoretics: 
spirits of nitrous ether. Laxatives: Carlsbad salts 
§ 1-2 three to four times daily. For moist cough 
and free exudate: ammonium chlorid and carbonate; 
benzoin; ol. terebinthinae I^ 1; combine with heroin 
and hyoscyamus or belladonna when cough is exces- 
sive. Chronic. Horse: pasture, light work, sunlight; 
pg. 9 IJ 3; calx; creosotum; ammonium chlorid; grin- 
delia; juniperus; lobelia; potassium iodid; benzoin; 
ol. turpentine I^ 1. Dog: balsam Peru; spiritus 
glycerylis nitratis; apomorphin; aqua amygdalae 
amarae; ol. tereb. I^ 1; copaiba. 

Burns. Mild: cold irrigation or compress; Goul- 
ard's water; protective powders (amylum, sodium 
bicarbonate, talcum); ol. lini IJ 1. Severe: argenti 
nitras 5-10%; acid picric 1%; ung. zinci oxidi; men- 
thol B 3; chloretone. 



99 

Bursattae cf summer sores. 

Canker, Remove all undermined horn; curette 
to healthy pododerm, even to the bone; cauterize 
thoroughly with a cerry-red iron; bandage firmly with 
gauze soaked in 50% or pure formalin; after 2-3 days 
apply a dry dressing under bandage. Autogenic 
vaccine. 

Capped-Hock and Curb. Acute: irrigate with cold 
water (hose) ; with incomplete resorption (subacute) 
follow with massage and resorbents: linimentum, 
mercurial ointment, sapo mollis I^ 1. When chronic 
use mild blisters in capped-hock over an area about 
the size of a quarter: tinct. iodin, linimentum tiglii 
(caustic balsam), cantharides, hydrargyri iodidum 
rubrum. Chronic curb may be line-fired and blis- 
tered; shoe with high heel-calks. 

Ung. hydrargyri dil. 

Sapo mollis aa B 1- 

M. Ft. unguentum. Sig. Resorbent ointment (v.k.). 

Catarrhal Fever, Malignant (Cattle). Light airy 
stable. Inhalants: turpentine, phenol. Disinfectants 
on oral and nasal mucous membranes: boric acid, 
potassium chlorate, tannin. Expectorants: tartar 
emetic. Stimulants: alcohol, ol. camphor subcutan- 
eously. Ice packs on head and throat; tracheotomy 
in severe dyspnea. Normal salt solution per subcutis 
or vein in collapse: 4-6 quarts of a teaspoonful of salt 
to a pint of sterile water. 

Caustics (Ammonia, Chloral, Acids). Neutralize 
with weak acids (vinegar), or alkalies (soda). Pro- 
tectants: oil, mucilaginous drinks (linseed, acacia). 
Sedative astringents: lead acetate, Burrow's solution. 

Cerebritis (Meningitis; Encephalitis). Place in a 



100 

quiet dark stall with plenty of bedding to protect 
against injury. Give laxative food; when unable to 
eat, feed artificially unless it causes excitement. 
Laxatives (oil, salts, calomel) through stomach tube or 
in the form of an electuary in paralysis of the phar- 
ynx. Cold on the head: water, snow, ice packs. Re- 
sorhents: salts, arecolin, pilocarpin. Control excite- 
ment with chloral in large animals and morphin in 
small. 

Cerebrospinal Meningitis. Treatment of doubt- 
ful value: calomel gr. 30 daily. Prophylactic: exclude 
cause from food or water supply; mouldy roughage 
or grain, stagnant water. 

Chol<e. Horse: small doses of arecolin or pilocar- 
pin per subcutis; massage of masses of grain when 
in the cervical region. Stomach-tube or probang 
only after 48 hours; irrigation through stomach-tube 
after ligating around esophagus to ensure return of 
water and food through the tube. Esophagotomy. 
Cow. Remove with the hand when in the pharyngeal 
region. Round objects in the cervical region may be 
pressed towards the pharynx with the thumbs. Keep 
mouth of cattle open to prevent bloating, trocarize 
the rumen when bloating becomes excessive. Pro- 
bang. Emetics in swine (veratrin) and dogs (apomor- 
phin). 

Choroiditis. Darkness. Atropin 1-2% and adren- 
alin solution once daily. See periodic ophthalmia. 

Coital Vesicular Exanthema. Segregation; disin- 
fect the stables (liqiior cresolis compositus, phenol) ; 
treat the local eruption with antiseptic astringents 
(zinc sulphate 1%, alum 1%, creolin 2%, lead acetate 
2-3%, dusting powder on ulcers). 

Colic, Spasmodic. Laxatives: sodii sulphas in 



101 

electuary with ginger and glycyrrhiza; ol. lini with 
ether I^ 1; arecolin. Carminatives: aromatic spirits 
of ammonia; ol. terebinthinae; acidum lacticum; cap- 
sicum; asafoetida. Sedatives in severe pain: chloral; 
cannabis Indica per vein; chloroform; ether. Creolin. 
Rubefacients or heat to the abdomen; warm rectal 
injections. Restrict the diet. After-treatment as in 
acute gastro-intestinal catarrh. See acute indiges- 
tion. 

Collapse. Saline solution (see sodii chloridum) ; 
oil of camphor per subcutis; ether; spiritus aetheris 
nitrosi; strychnin; alcohol; aromatic spirits of am- 
monia; massage, heat, and warm coverings exter- 
nally. 

Congestion. Pulmonary. Rest in a cool airy 
stall; rubefacients on the chest (spirits of mustard, 
mustard paste) ; vasodilators and diaphoretics (spiri- 
tus aetheris nitrosi, spiritus glycerylis nitratis, sodii 
nitris, aconite) ; venesection in active strong subjects. 
Stimulants in heart weakness (camphor, aromatic 
spirits ammonia, caffein, strychnin, digalen). Control 
the pain with narcotics: chloral, morphin. In threat- 
ened edema of the lungs give strychnin and atropin 
per subcutis. 

Conjunctivitis. Catarrhal: equal parts saturated 
solution of boric acid and camphor water; hydrargyri 
oxidum flavum; saturated solution of boric acid; 
pyoktanin .1%; darkness; add %% cocain or alypin 
in pain; avoid storms and dust; zinc sulphate 2^/4-5 
grains to the ounce; iodipin, argenti nitras V4,-V2%. 
Suppurative and chronic: argenti nitras 2%; protar- 
gol 4%; touch granulating lids with argenti nitras 
mitagatus. Ulcerative cf keratitis. 

Contusion. Harness, saddle. Cold for first 12-24 



102 

hours (stream of cold water, ice pack, solution of am- 
monium chlorid) ; follow with hot antiseptic com- 
press (creolin, sublimate, cataplasma kaolini), alco- 
hol or camphor bandage; when resorption is incom- 
plete and the acute symptoms have subsided use lini- 
ments with massage, or mild blisters. Abrasions : 
pyoktanin, sulphur iodid in oil, zinci sulphas, plumbi 
acetas, tannin, sublimate, alum. Prophylaxis: tough- 
en the skin with tannic acid I^ 3, or alum; hair har- 
ness pads as a protection (cool and porous) ; raised 
zinc pad over the neck at the top of the collar; on 
removal of harness apply cold water and follow with 
alcohol, alcoholic solution of pyoktanin, or tannin 
solution. Shoulder: recent bruises are treated as 
above. When the acute symptoms recede and the re- 
sorption is incomplete apply resorbents: equal parts 
green soap and unguentum hydrargyri; unguentum 
hydrargyri; hydrargyri iodidum rubrum; canthar- 
ides 1:10-15 alcohol; mild blisters; liniments and mas- 
sage. Operative in absence of acute symptoms (heat 
and pain) : free incision of recent hematomas (do not 
follow with irrigation or tampon) ; enucleation of 
fibromas and organized hematomas; incision and ir- 
rigation of abscesses, follow with antiseptic tampon 
(sublimate gauze) for 24 hours, then treat as an open 
wound: daily irrigation followed with plenty of 
dusting-powder. Elbow (Shoe Boil). Recent contu- 
sions are treated like harness and saddle bruises. 
When the acute symptoms recede treat like contu- 
sions of the shoulder. Prophylaxis: provide enough 
bedding to prevent bruising of the elbow on hard 
floors; tie a pad on the hoof to prevent injury from 
the heel calks. Hematoma. A subcutaneous collec- 
tion of blood-serum following a bruise. After 3-6 
days make a free incision on the lower part of the 



103 

swelling, press down the skin to exclude the fluid 
and bring the walls of the cavity in contact, do not 
irrigate, pack, or infect ivith the hands (healing per 
prima), disinfect the skin around the margins of the 
wound, and wash away the wound secretions that 
exude from the cavity. 

Coryza cf nasal catarrh. 

Cough cf nasal catarrh, pharyngitis, laryngitis, 
bronchitis, pneumonia, alveolar emphysema. 

Crop, Catarrh of. Evacuation: suspend the bird 
by the feet and gently massage the crop; or give tea- 
spoonful doses of 1% tartar emetic solution every 15 
minutes. Follow evacuation with astringents (dram 
doses of a 2% boric acid or tannin solution), diges- 
tants and bitters (dram doses of very dilute hydro- 
chloric acid, 30 drops of tincture of gentian several 
times daily). 

Hydrargyri chloridi mite gr. i 
Sacchari lactis gr. xxx. 

M. Sig. For a hen (v.k.). 

Sodii bicarbonatis 

Pulv. rhei 

Pulv. menthae piperatae aa 3 i. 

M. Sig. A little on the point of a knife several times 

daily (v.k.). 

Impaction of crop: evacuation as in catarrh; or in- 
cise, remove the contents and suture (prognosis 
good). After-treatment: as in catarrh. 

Curb cf capped hock. 

Cyst. Oral (ranula). Incision; excision with 
forceps and scissors; cauterize the cavity with ar- 
genti nitras or tincture of iodin. 

Cystitis (Cystic Catarrh). Provide complete rest 



104 

in a warm room or stable with free access to water, 
and provide non-irritating food. Sedatives in irrita- 
tion: belladonna. Antiseptics: urotropin I^ 1, ben- 
zoic acid, acetate of potash, salol. Evacuate the blad- 
der with a sterile catheter or by means of pressure 
with the hand in the rectum. Irrigate: acid boric, or 
alum (1-3%). Balsams in the chronic form: spirits 
of turpentine, buchu, uva ursi, copaiba, balsam Peru, 
oil of sandalwood, juniper. 

Dandruff (mane, tail). Cleanse with warm water 
and tar soap, gasolene, creolin, or solution of soda; 
apply tar antiseptics; pyrogallol. See seborrheic ec- 
zema, and acne. 

Decubitis. Astringent antiseptics: plumbi acetas, 
alumen IJ 1, liquor alumini acetatis. Ointments: 
zinci sulphas. Desiccants: amylum, acid boric, tan- 
noform, tannin, oak bark, talcum. In necrosis apply 
hot antiseptic packs, or alcoholic packs until de- 
marcation occurs; then operate. 

Dermatitis. For pustular dermatitis on the ex- 
tremities of the dog apply plumbi iodidum. See ec- 
zema, acne, decubitis. 

Diarrhea. See gastro-intestinal catarrh, white 
scours, and gastro-enteritis. 

Distorsion of sprain. 

Dog Distemper. Keep in a warm place and pro- 
vide plenty of air free from drafts. Intensive feeding 
with easily digested food: milk, beef broth, yolks of 
eggs, boiled meat, mucilaginous soups in gastric irri- 
tation. Symptomatic: see gastro-intestinal catarrh, 
emesis, diarrhea, bronchitis, pneumonia, conjuncti- 
vitis. Nervous symptoms: bromids, chloral, morphin. 
Paralysis: strychnin, arsenic, electricity, or thermo- 



105 

cautery along the back. Heart iveakness: strychnin, 
camphor, caffein, tincture strophanthus. Vaccines 
and serums. 

Dummies cf hydrocephalus. 

Dysentery. See gastro-enteritis, gastro-intestinal 
catarrh, white scours. 

Eclampsia. Morphin per subcutis (specific in 
bitches). Inhalation of chloroform; chloral hydrate. 

Eczema. Acute. Cleanse the parts with oil (cot- 
tonseed, olive, liquid petrox, to which 1-3% salicylic 
acid may be added), antiseptic solutions (creolin, 
therapogen), astringents (alum I^ 1, liquor alumini 
acetatis, liquor antisepticus, plumbi acetas IJ 1), or 
gasolene. Moist form: dry the skin and apply ab- 
sorbents (acid boric — pulvis antisepticus, amylum, 
talcum IJ 1 and 2, zinci oxidi B 1 and 2, glycerinum, 
acid salicylic R. 3), alcoholic antiseptics, silver ni- 
trate 2-10%, picric acid 1%. With less secretion ap- 
ply ointments, pastes, and solutions: zinci oxidum IJ 1 
to 5, unguentum hydrargyri ammoniati, liquor alumini 
acetatis, liq. plumbi subacetatis — see plumbi acetas. 
With irritation apply suspensions: plumbi acetas I^ 2, 
liquor alumini acetatis IJ 1, linimentum exsiccans 
(Pick). Avoid soap, water, and tar, except in dry 
eczema. Chronic. Moist: powders and pastes as in 
the acute form, formalin IJ 1. Dry (squamous) : pix 
liquida B 1 to 5; creolin baths, ointments, and lini- 
ments; sulphur iodid in oil; linimentum exsiccans 
B 1; petrox compounds; phenol B 1 and 2; naph- 
thalin. Seborrheic (dandruff, scurf) : sulphur sub- 
limatum I^ 2 and 3, sulphur lotum (ung.), zinci oxi- 
dum IJ 5 and 6, pix liquida B l,acidum tannicum IJ 
1, resorcinol IJ 1 to 3, creosote IJ 2. Follicular: avoid 
tar, otherwise as seborrheic; sulphuris sublimatum 



106 

I^ 1. Liquor calcis sulphuratae, or acid chromic 3% 
in sweat eczema, harness and saddle eczema. 

Edema. Pulmonary cf congestion. Subcutan- 
eous: hot compress on extremities to promote resorp- 
tion; belladonna liniment combined with massage; 
scarification followed by antiseptics when edema be- 
comes excessive. Treat primary cause: heart dis- 
ease, purpura, insufficient exercise. 

Emesis. Remove the cause in indigestion 
(emetics and laxatives to evacuate the bowels), 
otherwise suppress. Ice over the stomach in small 
animals, ice to swallow. Narcotics: chloral, morphin, 
cocain. Aromatics: ether, alcohol, camphor, aromatic 
spirits of ammonia. In the horse evacuate the stom- 
ach through stomach-tube. Give medicine through a 
stomach-tube to dog and cat to avoid emesis. 

Cocainae hydrochloridi gr. ii 

Aq. chloroformae 5 iii 

Syrupi zingiberis § i. 

M. Sig. Teaspoonful to tablespoonful every 2-4 hours 

for a dog. 

Tincturae opii 3 iiss 

Tinct. nucis vomicae TTt. xxx. 

M. 10-20 drops for a dog (Frohner). 

I^ 

Bismuthi subnitratis 3 iiss 

Acidi hydrocyanic! dil. TTL. xx 

Aq. chloroformae q.s. % ii. 

M. Sig. Shake. Teaspoonful every 2 hours for a dog. 

Enteritis cf gastro-enteritis. 

Entropium. Treat the conjunctivitis in the first 



107 

stages. Excise a piece of skin from the lower lid and 
suture so that the lid is turned out (everted). 

Epilepsy (Stomach Staggers). Light work, good 
care, laxatives (prolonged administration of small 
doses of salts), bromides (sodium or potassium). 
Vermifuges in pigs (ascaris) and dogs (tape-worms) : 
santonin, areca, kamala, aspidium. 

Epistaxis (Nose-bleed). Rest; when persistent 
place ice over the frontal and nasal regions; inject 
astringents into the nostrils (alum 3%, adrenalin 
solution 1:1000). Perform tracheotomy and pack the 
nostrils with gauze tampons soaked in hot creolin 
solution. Extract of ergot per subcutis. Two per 
cent gelatin solution in .6% salt solution per vein. 
Narcotics to control excitement when present. 

Esophagitis. Demulcent and astringent drinks: 
linseed, potassium chlorate. Add cocain in intense 
pain, or give morphin. 

Estrus Equi cf carbon disulphid. 

Exanthema. Food (potatoes, distillery slop). 
Increase the roughage; exercise. Lime § 2-4, or lime 
water 2-3 quarts daily. Keep the animals clean and 
dry. Local treatment: see eczema and phlegmon. 

Eye-lids cf wounds. 

Fistula. Clear the tract of foreign bodies or 
necrotic tissue (fascia, bone). Destroy the fistulous 
w^all; curet, operation, cauterization, caustics (zinc 
chlorid, corrosive sublimate, copper sulphate) ; drain, 
irrigate, and disinfect. 

Lateral Cartilage (Quittor). Cauterize daily 
with a cherry-red iron until the bottom of the fistula 
is reached. This usually requires three or four days 
in mild cases, and when the lameness is slight the 



108 

animal may be put to work as healing seems to 
occur faster with light exercise than with the animal 
standing at rest. Caustics: zinc chlorid, arsenic, cor- 
rosive sublimate. Operation: resection of the lateral 
cartilage according to Bayer. 

Salivary. Destroy the parotid gland with intra- 
glandular injections of Lugol's solution. Ligate the 
duct between the fistula and the gland. Scarify the 
fistulous wall and close with tobacco-pouch suture. 

Tooth. Remove the tooth. When it persists as 
the result of a diseased or splintered bone the ex- 
ternal opening should be enlarged with a curet or 
chisel, and all of the diseased bone removed in a 
similar manner, provide drainage, irrigate, pack for 
24 hours with sublimate gauze, then remove and 
treat as an open wound (daily irrigation with weak 
antiseptics or soda solution, disinfection, curettage 
of excessive and badly infected granulations). 

Spermatic cord. When the fistula is small dis- 
infect, or use caustics: zinci chloridum, argenti ul- 
tras, corrosive sublimate. Surgical removal of the 
thickened cord. Potassium iodid internally (con- 
flicting reports). 

Flies. Horn flies on cattle. Soap emulsion: dis- 
solve one-half pound of hard soap in a gallon of hot 
water; while still hot add one-half gallon of kerosene 
and shake. Use one part to eight or ten of water; 
apply in the form of a spray. Milk emulsion: milk 
1, kerosene 2, shake, use one part to eight to ten of 
water, apply in the form of a spray. Creolin i/4-l%. 
Wounds. Tar, creolin, oil of tar, acetanilid, iodoform, 
alum, naphthalin, eucalyptus. Laurel oil alone; or 
mixed with 10 parts linseed oil; or laurel oil 1, de- 



109 

natured alcohol 4, linseed oil 5. Said to be very 
efficient. 

Foal-lameness cf navel-ill. 

Foot-rot. Cattle. Avoid mud in lanes and yard. 
Cleanse and disinfect between the claws: creolin, 
phenol, sublimate, cupri sulphas. Apply desiccants 
under a bandage: acetanilid, acid tannic, acid boric, 
calo7nel. Severe: cleanse; remove all necrotic tissue; 
moist antiseptic bandage until sloughing has stopped, 
then dry bandage (calomel, boric acid, tannin). 
Sheep. Segregate the diseased animals. Stand the 
sick and well for two to five minutes in one of the 
following: chlorinated lime 5% solution, phenol 3%, 
cupri sulphas 10%. Severe: treat as in cattle. 

Forage Poisoning (Mycotic Indigestion; Intesti- 
nal Intoxication, or Autointoxication). Dummy-like 
symptom (paresis): laxatives and purgatives: aloin 
drams 4-8 for a horse; sodii sulphas one to two 
pounds daily; aloes; arecolin combined with strych- 
nin. Purge the animal as soon as possible, though 
it sometimes requires heroic doses of salts or aloes. 
Administer medicine in the form of an electuary or 
pill (danger of foreign-body pneumonia from paraly- 
sis of the pharynx). Change the food and give a 
light laxative diet. See also: cerebrospinal menin- 
gitis; gastro-enteritis; paralysis of the pharynx. 

Fowl Cholera. Treatment is useless. Prophy- 
laxis: quarantine new birds for one to two weeks. 
Remove all well birds to non-infected pens; kill and 
burn or bury the sick; remove and destroy droppings 
at least once daily. Cleanse and disinfect pens and 
utensils: phenol, acid carbolic crud., calx, formalin, 
corrosive sublimate, liquor cresolis compositus. 

Galls (harness, saddle) cf contusions. 



110 

Gastric Distension cf indigestion, acute. 

Gastro-enteritis. Laxatives (ol. ricini, sodii or 
magnesii sulphas, calomel) with demulcents m 11, 
pg, 10). Intestinal antiseptics: creolin, therapogen, 
sodium or acid salicylate, tannoform, sulphocarbo- 
lates. Stimulants: strychnin, ol. camphor per subcu- 
tis, caffein, coffee, aromatic spirits of ammonia, digi- 
talis, alcohol. Nourish with warm demulcent drinks 
containing eggs, milk, whiskey, etc. Control pain 
with narcotics: chloral, morphin. Check excessive 
Durgation: tannin, morphin, tannoform. Keep the 
patient warm, dry, and clean. Remove feces prompt- 
ly, disinfect dirty walls. In threatened collapse give 
warm sterile salt solution (teaspoonful of salt to the 
quart of sterile water) per vein, subcutis, or rectum. 
H. & C. 4-5 quarts; small animals 8-16 ounces. 

Gastro-intestinal Catarrh. Acute in horse and 
cow. Withhold feed entirely or restrict the amount 
(mashes, roots, fine hay). Allow free access to 
water. Laxatives: one-half to one pound of salts 
daily with glycyrrhiza as an electuary; add gentian 
or nux vomica. Digestants and intestinal antiseptics: 
acidum hydrochloricum dilutum, creolin, therapogen. 
Diarrhea: laxatives followed with intestinal antisep- 
tics (creolin, therapogen, sulphocarbolates) and styp- 
tics (tannin, oak bark, tannoform). In weakness or 
collapse gave stimulants as in gastro-enteritis. 
Acute intestinal catarrh in carnivora (Dog, Cat). 
Restrict the diet to beef broth, milk, and vegetable 
soups. Gastric engorgement: emetics (apomorphin), 
or laxatives (ol. ricini, calomel), or irrigation with 
the stomach-tube. Follow with digestants: pepsin, 
hydrochloric acid. Emesis: ice over the stomach, 
morphin, solution of bicarbonate of soda, aromatic 



Ill 

spirits of ammonia, see prescriptions under emesis. 
Diarrhea: give laxatives and follow with intestinal 
antiseptics and astringents (acid lactic I^ 1, pulvis 
rhei comp., bismuth subnitrate I^ 1, opium, tannin, 
tannoform). When chronic irrigate per rectum with 
clysters of argenti nitras 1-5:1000, alum or tannin 
1-2%. Swine. Laxatives: ol. ricini, sodii sulphas. 
Emetics: veratriu i/^ grain per subcutis. Diarrhea in 
sucklings and young. Restrict the diet. Laxatives: 
ol. ricini. Intestinal antiseptics and astringents: 
creolin, therapogen, salol, bismuth, argenti nitras 
(chronic), acid salicylic, opium, rheum, tannin, mis- 
tura contra diarrhoeum, tannoform, tannin. Stimu- 
lants and demulcents: mucilaginous drinks (acacia, 
demulcent IJ 11 pg. 10, marshmallow, oatmeal) 
with eggs and whiskey; ol. camphor; strychnin; caf- 
fein; aromatic spirits of^ ammonia; chloral in pain. 
Carminatives: ginger, turpentine, capsicum. In 
threatened collapse give two quarts of a sterile salt 
solution (teaspoonful of salt to a quart of sterile 
water) per vein, subcutis, or rectum. 

Gastro-intestinal Catarrh. Chronic. Succulent 
green food, fine hay, roots (carrots), mashes. Acidi 
hydrochloric! dilutum in the drinking water. Sal 
Carolini factitii ^. 1, sodii bicarbonas. Combine tan- 
nin and gentian, one-half to one ounce of each daily. 
Give a purgative followed with styptics (tannin) and 
intestinal antiseptics (therapogen). Carnivora. Di- 
lute hydrochloric acid, gentian, nux vomica, Carlsbad 
salts before meals (teaspoonful in water). In exces- 
sive fermentation give salicylates before meals (gr. 
4-8). 

GId (Coenurus Cerebralis). Prophylaxis: de- 
stroy dogs; tape-worm treatment for dogs every two 



112 

to three months (kamala, aspidium, areca). Burn 
the heads of affected sheep. 
Glossitis cf stomatitis. 

Goitre. Horse: inject into the gland ly^ to 5 cc. 
of Lugol's solution, repeat in 10-14 days; tincture of 
iodin externally; potassium iodid internally. Dog: 
tincture of iodin or petrox iodin externally; paren- 
chymatous injection of Lugol's solution; potassium 
iodid and glandulae thyroidae internally. 

lodoformi 1 

01. olivae 

Actheris aa 5. 

M. Sig. Parenchymatous injection of ^/^-l cc. for a 

dog with goitre. 

Grease-heel (Verrucose Dermatitis). Formalin 
pack 1 : 400 daily, cureting .away the softened tissue 
after each removal of the bandage, with improvement 
alternate with dry dressings (tannin, boric acid). 
Pare away excessive growths with a sharp scalpel, 
cauterize with a cherry-red iron, apply powder (tan- 
nin, etc.) under a bandage. Single application of a 
10% aqueous solution of chromic acid followed with 
a bandage (Frohner). Turpentine, or alcoholic sub- 
limate bandage. 

Heart Weakness. Digitalis, caffein, tincture of 
strophanthus, ol. camphor per siihcutis, nux vomica 
I^ 1, belladonnae folia I^ 1, aromatic spirits of am- 
monia. 

Heat Eruption cf chronic follicular eczema and 
acne. 

Heaves cf alveolar emphysema. 

Hematoma cf contusion. 

Hemorrhage. External. Parenchymatous: irri- 



113 

gate with warm creolin solution; apply 1:1000 adre- 
nalin solution; tampon; pressure bandage; cautery. 
Arterial: forceps (Oschner's in deep vessels) ; liga- 
ture. Internal. Uterine: ergot (Squibbs extract, 
3 %-l per subcutis in aqueous solution) ; adrenalin 
solution 1:1000-5000 per vein, or continuous intra- 
venous injection of 1:10000 adrenalin solution in .6% 
salt solution in collapse. Pulmonary: narcotics to 
suppress excitement and cough (morphin, chloral) ; 
vasodilators (nitroglycerin every 15 minutes to 3 
hours; aconite); adrenalin (efficiency questioned); 
stimulants in after-weakness (digitalis, strychnin, 
camphor). Nasal cf epistaxis. 

Hernia. Recent: expectant treatment in the 
young, as the animal develops the hernia disappears. 
Hot compress under suspensory bandage, restrict the 
diet, and give mild laxatives. Operative treatment. 
Palliative: compression with a tampon and bandage; 
blister or caustics used with caution (paint lightly 
with concentrated sulphuric acid, or dilute with 3 
parts water or alcohol; single application of chromic 
acid 2, to water 1) ; ligation; suturing (harness-suture 
to slough off the hernial sac) ; clamps. Radical: in- 
cise the skin, return the hernial sac with contents 
into the abdominal cavity, suture the hernial ring, 
suture the skin, and apply an antiseptic pack under 
an abdominal bandage. Scrotal in stallions: with the 
hand in the rectum pull gently on the intestine to 
bring it back through the inguinal ring, while an as- 
sistant grasps the scrotal sac and pushes up from 
below; after the intestines have been returned into 
the abdominal cavity apply counter-irritants in the 
form of a mild blister over the region of the external 
inguinal ring, and support the testicles in a suspen- 



114 

sory. Inguinal with incarceration: as scrotal; or 
castration by means of the covered operation, en- 
larging the internal ring at the anterior margin if 
necessary for the return to the abdominal cavity of 
the hernial contents, suture the internal ring, pack 
with a sublimate gauze tampon held in position with 
skin sutures. 

Hip Lameness. Acute: permanent cold irriga- 
tion; massage with rubefacients (linimentum, unguen- 
tum hydrargyri, petrox compounds, tincture of iodin) ; 
hot compress; alcohol or camphor compress. Chronic: 
blisters (hydrargyri iodidum rubrum, cantharities, ol. 
tiglii) ; thermo-cautery with blisters; irritants per 
subcutis or intramuscular (veratrin gr. l^/^ to water 
3i — Moeller; sodii chloridi 10%; Lugol's solution and 
water equal parts), inject under the skin or directly 
into the muscles over the hip joint. 

Hollow Wall. Hoof. Cleanse the cavity until 
normal white line is reached; fill with oakum and tar 
to exclude filth; cut away the wall to relieve pressure 
from the shoe; apply a bar shoe with frog pressure 
over oakum and a leather pad. Complete removal of 
the loose or undermined wall. 

Hydrocephalus. Chronic (Dummies). Laxative 
food, light work, protect the animal from the sun. 
Laxatives: sodii sulphas one-fourth to one pound 
daily; aloin drams 4-8; strychnin. Pilocarpine or 
arecolin 2-3 grains daily, usually less efficient than 
salts. 

Hydrothorax. Dry food. Treat the primary dis- 
ease (contagious pleuropneumonia, heart disease). 
Laxatives: Carlsbad salts. Diuretics: digitalis, potas- 
sium acetate, juniper, turpentine, caffein I^ 2-3. 
Paracentesis daily is the most efficient treatment. 



115 

Icterus. See acute gastro-intestinal catarrh (ca- 
tarrh of the duodenum and bile duct) , influenza, azo- 
turia, purpura, anemia (degeneration of the blood). 

Impaction cf indigestion. 

Impotency. Intensive feeding except in fat ani- 
mals; exercise; nux vomica; cantharides; yoliimUn 
(Merck). 

Indigestion, Acute. Horse. Ga.stric, mild. With- 
hold all food. Laxatives: sodii sulphas, I 8-16; are- 
colin, gr. %-%; aloin; aloes. Antiferments: acidum 
lacticum, § 1/2-1; aromatic spirits of ammonia, creolin, 
ol. turpentine, therapogen. Carminatives: ginger, 
capsicum. Severe: relieve tympany with the stom- 
ach-tube passed through the nose or mouth. When 
the stomach is distended with food remove this 
through the tube by means of repeated injections, sy- 
phoning out as much as possible after each injection. 
Narcotics in intense pain: chloral, cannabis Indica 
per vein. Follow recovery from the acute symp- 
toms with Carlsbad salts IJ 1; dilute hydro- 
chloric acid; arseni trioxidum I^ 3. Restrict the 
diet during convalescence. Intestinal Indigestion. 
Withhold all food, move the animal at a slow 
walk, or place in a large box stall with deep 
bedding. Give laxatives, antiferments and car- 
minatives as in the gastric form. Rubefacients on 
the abdomen (spirits of mustard, ol. turpentine); 
cold water enemas to stimulate the peristalsis. In- 
testinal Impaction: give a quart of oil followed in a 
few hours with arecolin gr. i/^-l, this may be repeated 
night and morning until the impaction is relieved. 
Rapid cathartics may also be used from the first. A 
useful procedure in any case where evacuation of the 
bowels is desired is to give % to 1 grain of arecolin, 
followed in one-half to an hour with a similar dose 



116 

of eserin. Withhold all food until the impaction is 
relieved. Give clysters of warm water injected slowly 
and in large quantities, allow free access to water, 
give strychnin in small doses, massage the flanks, ru- 
befacients over the abdomen. Tympany: enemas of 
cold water, ether (5 ^) in a pint of water, or soap 
and glycerin in water. Cold water on the abdomen; 
massage the flanks; trocarize under antiseptic pre- 
cautions at the point where the distension is greatest. 
Laxatives: arecolin and eserin in small doses, sodii 
sulphas. 

Acute Indigestion in the Cow (Impaction of the 
Rumen). Withhold all food. Laxatives and purga- 
tives: arecolin and strychnin; sodii sulphas; aloes; 
barium chlorid; arecovetrol. Antijertnents: capsi- 
cum, aromatic spirits of ammonia, acidum lacticum, 
creolin, therapogen, salicylates. Massage the rumen 
in the left flank except in cases of advanced preg- 
nancy. Rubefacients: ol. terebinthinae, spirits of 
mustard, linimentum. In weakness and advanced 
pregnancy depend mainly on intestinal antiseptics 
(salicylates, creolin, therapogen) and heart stimu- 
lants (strychnin, caffein, ol. camphor, nux vomica 
IJ 1) ; use mild laxatives repeatedly, avoid rapid and 
severe cathartics. After-treatment: Carlsbad salts 
and bitters (nux, gentian), or dilute hydrochloric 
acid. See tympany. 

Acute Indigestion in Swine. Restrict the diet, 
give milk and roots. Emetics in gastric engorge- 
ment (veratrin % grain). Laxatives: three ounces of 
salts mixed with meal and linseed oil and given in 
the form of an electuary; or castor oil may be given 
in the milk. 

Acute Indigestion in tine Dog and Cat. Restrict 



117 

the diet (milk, meat broth), or all food may be with- 
held. Restrict the amount of water. Laxatives: calo- 
mel, castor oil. Emetics in gastric engorgement 
(apomorphin). , Stomachics. 

Tinct. nucis vomicae 3 i 

Tinct. gentianae comp. 3 iii 

Acidi hydrochlorici dil. ni. xxx 

Aquae q.s. B v. 

M. Teaspoonful to a tablespoonful three times daily 

for a dog. 

Acidi hydrochlorici dil. 

Pepsini aa 3 i 

Aquae q.s. B viii. 

M. Sig. Teaspoonful to a tablespoonful 2-3 times daily 

for a dog (Schlampp). 

Indigestion, Chronic. Horse. See gastro-intes- 
tinal catarrh. Cow (Atony of the Fore-stomachs; 

Impaction of the Third Stomach). Withhold all food 
until after marked hunger is shown and recovery is 
complete, then restrict the amount and give plenty 
oj! salt. Massage the paunch in the left flank, except 
in cases of advanced pregnancy. Laxatives and pur- 
gatives: arecovetrol; sodii sulphas; aloin; arecolin 
and strychnin; aloes; barium chlorid. In persistent 
impaction introduce through a trocar or the stomach- 
tube 5-10 gallons of water into the rumen. 

Antimonii et potassii tartratis 3 iv 
Aloes S iss 

Sodii sulphatis B xvi. 

M. Give in a drench to a cow with persistent im- 
paction. 

Stomachics: acidum hydrochloricum dilutum (one- 
half ounce 3-6 times daily well diluted) ; sal Carolini 



118 

factitii T^ 1. Intestinal antiseptics: creolin, thera- 
pogen, salicylates. In depression, weakness, or ad- 
vanced pregnancy avoid shock, depend on antiseptics 
and stimulants as in acute indigestion. Dog and Cat 
cf gastro-intestinal catarrh. 

Influenza. When possible segregate the sick and 
disinfect the stables (phenol, liquor cresolis composi- 
tus). Provide an airy dry place protected against 
drafts, avoid dark basement stables. In summer the 
horses should be turned in a yard in pleasant 
weather. Laxative diet: green grass, carrots, bran 
mashes. The medicinal treatment is symptomatic: 
nasal catarrh, pharyngitis, laryngitis, pneumonia, 
acute intestinal catarrh, gastro-enteritis, heart failure, 
depression. The coal tar antipyretics (acetanilid) 
should be avoided with the possible exception of ex- 
treme hyperthermia. Prevent constipation with small 
daily doses of Carlsbad salts. In weakness and de- 
pression stimulate: oh camphor per suhcutis strych- 
nin, digitalis I^ 3. In the weakness and anorexia of 
convalescence the horse may be nourished with quart 
doses of milk to which a little whiskey has been 
added, this may be given per rectum or through a 
stomach-tube. Avoid routine treatment and heart 
depressants (aconite). 

Intestinal Catarrh cf gastro-intestinal catarrh. 

Iritis cf ophthalmia. 

Keratitis. In infectious keratitis of sheep and 
cattle infiltrate the lid-sac once or twice daily with 
a 2% solution of argenti nitras. See conjunctivitis. 

Knee Tumors (Precarpal bursitis; Precarpal 
Hematomas). Cow. For the treatment of recent cases 
see contusion, in cattle blisters may be used early. 
When the fluid is encapsuled make a free incision in 



119 

the median line, follow with daily antiseptic irriga- 
tion, and blisters around the margin to promote re- 
sorption. In the summer apply oil of laurel to pro- 
tect against flies. 

Laminitis. Acute. Laxatives: arecolin gr. 1-1^ 
night and morning, pilocarpin, aloin, sodii sulphas. 
Diuretics: potassii nitras or acetas. Local cold ap- 
plications in the very first stages (stand in cold wa- 
ter, hose) followed with heat (hot foot-bath). Adren- 
alin per subcutis in the region of the digital vein. 
Chronic: bar shoe with frog pressure, pack with tar 
and oakum under a leather sole, ease the wall pres- 
sure in the region of the toe. If an open shoe is used 
provide wide branches concaved above to protect the 
sole. 

Laryngitis. Acute (Laryngeal Catarrh). Fresh 
air free from dust, drafts, and stable gases; laxative 
food (roots, beef broth for dogs) and laxatives 
(Carlsbad salts, calomel). Cough: heroin, morphin, 
codein, cf bronchitis. Inhalants: turpentine, menthol, 
creolin. 

Heroini hydrochloridi gr. viii 

Potassii acetatis g iii 

Tinct. aconiti 3 iv 

Spiritus aetheris nitrosi B iv 

Syrupi q.s. O. i. 

M. Sig. An ounce every two hours for cough and 

fever in a horse. Teaspoonful doses for a dog. 

Laryngitis. Chronic. See sedatives and expec- 
torants in bronchitis. Potassii iodidum ^ 1. Astrin- 
gent antiseptics applied daily: argenti nitras 2-5%. 
In large animals inject through a small catheter in- 
serted through the nasal passage, or through a needle 
inserted behind the larynx 5 cc. of a 1% argenti 



120 

nitras solution. Rubefacients externally: tincture of 
iodin, cantharides, linimentum. 

Leucoma (Turbid Cornea). Unguentum hydrar- 
gyri oxidi flavi or rubri (1-4%); dust calomel or iodo- 
form on the cornea with a small brush; incurjible 
when long-standing. 

Leucorrhea cf catarrhal metritis. 

Lice (Pediculosis). Creolin solution (2%) ap- 
plied thoroughly and rubbed in w^ith a stiff brush 
(palmetto) ; tobacco (5% of the decoction) ; pyre- 
thrum; anise oil; unguentum hydrargyri dilutum; 
arseni trioxidum. Hens: sulphur or aniseed 2-5 parts 
to 100 of sand for a bath. White hellebore one part 
to aniseed two parts. Dust the birds with slaked 
lime. Gasolene 3, cresol 1, plaster of Paris enough 
to make a dry purplish powder. Disinfect the pens 
with a spray apparatus (liquor cresolis compositus, 
phenol, calx chlorinata). 

Licking Disease. Cattle eat bones and fences. 
Acidum hydrochloridum dilutum; apomorphin; calcii 
phosphas praecipitatus; calcii carbonas praecipitatus; 
bonemeal. 

Lip-and-leg Ulceration. Leafy roughage; sulphur 
iodid and oil (1:8) applied daily with a brush. 

Lung-worm Disease (Strongylus Filaria). Re- 
move the sheep and lambs from the infested pasture; 
intense feeding; water in troughs and not from the 
ground; disinfect the pens. Drain and cultivate in- 
fested fields. Intratracheal injections: phenol 1%, 
15 cc. for lambs, 20 cc. for calves; potassium picrate 
1-2 to water 1000, 5 cc. for sheep, 50 cc. for cows. 



121 

R I B 

01. terebinthinae Creosoti 20 

01. olivae aa 100 Ol. olivae 100. 

Creolini 10. ! M. Sig. Intratracheal 

M. Sig. Inject into the injection. 5 cc. for 

trachea. 5 cc. for Iambs, \ lambs; 15-20 cc. for 

20 cc. for calves; re- i calves; repeat in four 

peat twice at four-day i days, 

intervals. J 

Luxation of Patella (Upward Luxation; Stifle- 
cramp — Bayer, Frohner). Move the animal suddenly 
with whip or cold water; use fine short bedding in 
place of long straw. Blister when the luxation tends 
to persist. 

Lymphangitis (Phlegmon of the hind Limb). 
Purgatives: arecolin, aloin, aloes, sodii sulphas in 
small daily doses as a laxative and resorbent. Diu- 
retics: potassii nitras or acetas. See phlegmon for 
external treatment. 

Mange. Horse. Cleanse the skin with warm 
water, green soap, tar soap, or creolin. Soften the 
scabs with oil, oil and glycerin, soft soap, potassii 
carbonas, or petrolatum. Parasiticides: arsenic 
(acetum I^ 1); acid carbolic crud.; balsam Peru; 
betanaphthol; creolin 2%; cresol; petrox compounds; 
phenol; pix liquida I^. 1 to 5; sulphur sublimatum B 
1 and 2; sulphur iodid in oil; tobacco. Rub in thor- 
oughly with the hand or a stiff brush. Cow and 
Sheep. Sulphur iodid and oil 1:8-10; nicotin dip, 
keep the sheep in a .7% aqueous solution for two to 
three minutes (B. A. I.); sulphur sublimatum R 4; 
creolin 2-3%. Dog and Cat. Pix liquida R 1; balsam 
Peru; cupri oleatum; creolin liniment. Cleanse the 
skin as in treatment of mange in the horse. When 
the entire animal is to be treated apply the para- 



122 

siticide to one-fourth to one-half of the body at a 
time, leave for 24 hours, remove, and repeat in an- 
other place. Schindelka recommends carhon di- 
sulphid in persistent cases with thickening of the 
skin. A pleget of cotton soaked with the drug is 
pressed firmly against the diseased part for a few 
minutes, after complete evaporation cover with for- 
malin I^ 1. 

Mastitis. Milk frequently, restrict the diet, laxa- 
tives (salts, arecolin). Hot antiseptic compress held 
in position with a suspensory bandage (creolin, kata- 
plasma kaolini). Rubefacients and massage: acidum 
salicylicum IJ 1; camphor I^ 2; creolin 1$, 4; sapo 
mollis; linimentum belladonnae or terebinthinae; 
ichthyol ointment 10-25%. Catarrhal: irrigate the 
teat canal (pyoktanin 1:1000, boric acid, therapogen) 
under strict antiseptic precautions. Boric acid treat- 
ment: milk the udder completely dry; inject 120-180 
cc. of a 3% sterile boric acid solution; milk out the 
udder in 3-4 hours; repeat the milking every 3-4 hours 
until recovery; repeat the treatment in three days 
if necessary. Abscess: incise, irrigate, and disinfect. 

I^ 1 I I^ 2 



Sapo mollis 100 

Acidi salicylic! 10. 

M. Sig. Ointment for 
mastitis. 



Camphorae tritae 10 

lodidi 5 

Adipis 50. 

M. Sig. Ointment for 
mastitis (Bang), 

iVieconium, Retention of. Repeated clysters of 
warm solutions of bicarbonate of soda through a 
horse catheter. Laxatives: ol. ricini. 

IVletritis. Catarrhal. Irrigate the uterus twice 
daily with warm mild antiseptics: therapogen, creolin, 
lysol, potassium permanganate. Septic. Irrigate one 
to three times daily through a tube that reaches to 



123 

the end of the affected horn; insert a second larger 
tube through the os uteri for the discharge of the 
fluid and exudate; use 5-6 gallons of mild antiseptic; 
avoid irritating antiseptics (Albrechtson). Chronic 
Catarrhal (Leucorrhea). Dilate the os uteri; irrigate 
the uterus three times a week with a solution of bi- 
carbonate of soda, siphoning until the solution comes 
away clear, or providing a second larger tube for exit 
as above; then disinfect with therapogen, creolin, 
lysol, alum, potassium permanganate, tannin 1-2%, 
or iodoform introduced in ounce gelatin capsules. 
Intense feeding; stomachics: nux vomica, dilute hy- 
drochloric acid, gentian, and Carlsbad salts. 

Milk. Blue, red, yellow, soapy, slimy, bitter, etc. 
These conditions are usually due to some infection in 
the udder. Disinfect the udder as in mastitis (boric 
acid treatment), massage the udder several minutes 
after the injection. Wash and disinfect the cow: 
tail, abdomen, legs, udder. Disinfect the stall and 
utensils, protect against flies. 

Nail Punctures cf wounds. 

Nasal Catarrh (Coryza). Keep the animal in a 
warm well-ventilated place free from drafts or stable 
gases. Work lightly in mild cases. Give laxative 
food (carrots, bran mashes), and laxatives (small 
daily doses of Carlsbad salts). Inhalants: turpen- 
tine, creolin, menthol. Astringent antiseptics in nasal 
passage: alum, creolin, tannin 2%. IJ 3, pg. 9; anti- 
monii et potassii tartras IJ 3 and 4. 

Navel. Impervious Urachus: thoroughly cauter- 
ize the opening with a stick of argenti nitras fusus, 
insert into the external opening repeatedly until it is 
closed; or disinfect and ligate the end of the urachus 
and apply astringents (tannin, argenti nitras). In- 



124 

flammations of the Navel (Omphalitis). Disinfectants 
(sublimate or creolin pack, tincture of iodin) ; incise, 
drain, and disinfect in suppurative omphalitis. 

Navel-ill (Joint-ill; Omphalo-phlebitis). Drain 
and, disinfect the navel. V/ith slight arthritis apply 
hot antiseptic packs to the joints (phenol 5%, creolin 
5%, sublimate), inunctions of grey mercurial oint- 
n ent (33%), or petrox iodin b-10%. General infec- 
tion, see white scours (very fatal). Prophylaxis: pro- 
vide for birth in a disinfected clean stall; disinfect 
the external genitals of the dam previous to the birth 
of the young; disinfect the stump of the cord (iodin, 
argenti nitras 10%, and dust with tannin or iodo- 
form); isolate new-born animals; isolate calves from 
other animals for at least two weeks and feed only 
in clean sterile pails; frequent disinfection of the 
stables in which infection is present. Polyvalent 
serum. 

Navicular Disease. Soak the hoof thoroughly 
Tv^hen dry and brittle; apply heel springs to spread 
the hoof; apply a four-calk shoe with bar to protect 
but not press on the frog, packing the hoof with tar 
and oakum and covering with a leather sole; rubber 
pads. Digital (low) neurectomy when proper shoeing 
and care of the hoof fails to relieve the lameness. 

Nosebleed cf epistaxis. 

Ophthalmia. Periodic. Darken the stall, with- 
hold dusty roughage. Potassium iodid 3 214 daily 
with one to two week pauses if iodism appears; pack 
soaked with a 5% potassium iodid solution over the 
eye; iodipin 10% on the conjunctival mucous mem- 
brane daily, to this may be added adrenalin solution 
to make 1:5000 in congestion. When the acute symp- 
toms relax use atropin gr. li/^ to distilled water 3 5 



125 

to keep the pupil dilated (prevents adhesion between 
the iris and lens). 

Orchitis. Suspensory bandage over a hot pack 
(hot water, cataplasma kaolini) ; chloroform I^ 2. 

Otorrhea (Otitis). Cleanse the part with a warm 
solution of bicarbonate of soda. Follow with astrin- 
gent antiseptics: acid boric I^ 2; acid tannin 5% in 
alcohol or glycerin; argenti nitras; acid salicylic; 
creolin; zinci sulphas; bismuthi dithiosalicylas; anti- 
septic powders, cf pulvis. 

Oxyurus cf worms. 

Paralysis. General. See forage poisoning, cere- 
brospinal meningitis, septic metritis. Peripheral: 
strychnin, veratrin, massage, blisters, firing with a 
small point over the affected parts, or electricity. 
Pharyngeal: feed through a stomach-tube, examine 
for tumors or pus. Treat as above with electricity 
and massage, the prognosis is bad. Postpartum (Par- 
turient Paresis; Milk Fever). Infiltrate the udder 
with air or oxygen. Adrenalin solution per vein or 
subcutis. Excitants: strychnin, camphor, caffein. 
After-treatment: laxatives, light diet, and bitters. 
Prophylaxis: laxatives and light diet previous to par- 
turition; incomplete removal of the milk from the 
udder for one week after calving. 

Paraplegia (Sacral Paralysis). Place the animal 
in slings ; liniments and mild blisters over the lumbar 
region; strychnin per subcutis. 

Paresis cf paraplegia and paralysis. 

Parotitis. Acute: hot antiseptic pack; cata- 
plasma kaolini. Subacute: rubefacients (spirits of 
mustard, unguentum hydrargyri, linimentum). 
Chronic: blisters. Abscess: incise early. 



126 

Parturient Paresis cf paralysis postpartum. 

Peritonitis. Light laxative diet. Rubefacients on 
the abdomen: spirits of mustard 10-15%; camphor, 
alcohol, or Priessnitz bandage. Demulcents: B H, 
pg. 10. Sedatives in extreme pain: morphin, canna- 
bis Indica. Intestinal antiseptics: creolin, therapo- 
gen, salicylic acid, calomel. Circulatory stimulants: 
ol. camphor per subcutis, digitalis, saline enemas, 
strychnin. 

Pharyngitis. Fresh warm air free from dust and 
stable gases. Laxative food (grass, roots, bran 
mashes, leafy hay), promptly remove all food not 
eaten. Keep the nose and manger clean with disin- 
fectants. Cool fresh water often with potassium 
chlorate S 1 to the pail. In severe pain withhold 
food and water for one or two days giving enemas 
of water for thirst. External applications of heat 
(creolin, cataplasma kaolini) or rubefacients (spirits 
of mustard). Incise abscesses early. In severe dysp- 
nea perform tracheotomy. Give nourishment through 
a stomach-tube (oatmeal water, linseed meal water) 
if it can be done without causing excitement or irrita- 
tion. Inhalants: creolin, oil of turpentine, benzoin, 
menthol, phenol. Astringent antiseptics through the 
nose by means of a special spray apparatus, or small 
catheter attached to the end of a syringe: argenti 
nitras 1%, potassium chlorate 5%, hydrogen peroxid, 
tinct. ferri chlor. 2%, tinct. iodin 10% in glycerin. 
Expectorants: antimonii et potassii tartras 1$, 2 in 
first stages; ammonii chloridum with free exudation; 
combine expectorants with sedatives in pain and 
cough and give in the form of a syrup or electuary 
(powdered licorice root and water, molasses, honey). 
See potassii chloras I^ 1 and 2. 



127 



I^ 1 
Tinct. ferri chlor. § iii 
Potassii chloratis § i 
F. E. hyoscyami § i 
Glycerini § ii 

Aquae q.s. § viii. 

M. Sig. One ounce ev- 
ery 2-3 hours in phleg- 
monous pharyngitis. 



I^ 2 
Ammonii chloridi 
Pulv. anisi aa Si 
Sal Carolini fac. § viii 
Pulv, glycyrrhizae et 

aquae q.s, electuarii. 
Sig. Give a tablespoon- 
ful with a paddle on the 
tongue several times 
daily (v.k.). 

Phimosis cf prepuce. 

Phlegmon. Acute: hot antiseptic compress (cre- 
olin, sublimate, cataplasma kaolini) ; alcohol or cam- 
phor bandage; camphor ointment, see petrox; avoid 
counter-irritation, Suhacute: massage with resorb- 
ents (linimentum, sapo mollis, unguentum hydrar- 
gyri dilutum) under a bandage; in later stages use 
mild blisters under a bandage. Phlegmon of hind 
limb (lymphangitis): purgative (aloes, aloin, arecolin, 
pilocarpin) ; hot compress on the leg; camphor or 
alcohol bandage; bathe with hot water or astringents 
(acid picric, acetum). In later stages use massage 
and resorbents (linimentum, sapo mollis, mercurial 
ointments). After the swelling and acute pain recede 
give the animal light exercise, and give an after- 
treatment of resolvents (Carlsbad salts). 

Placenta. Retention. Remove after 24-72 hours 
Wash and disinfect the external parts; inject a warm 
solution of a mild antiseptic (creolin 1%, therapogen 
2%); carefully separate the fetal and maternal 
placentae; in the presence of infection or putrefac- 
tion follow with irrigation as in septic metritis (5-6 
gallons of a weak antiseptic solution) ; when dis- 
charge follows removal irrigate daily until closure of 
the OS uteri. See metritis. After removal give one- 
half to one ounce of ol. camphor subcutaneously. 



128 

Pleurltis. Fresh air free from dust and drafts. 
Rubefacients over the chest: spirits of mustard, tur- 
pentine liniment, ammonia, sse linimentum. Laxa- 
tives: salts, or Carlsbad salts one to two ounces 
daily. Diaphoretics and vasodilators in the first 
stage: aconite, spirits of nitrous ether, spiritus gly- 
cerylis nitratis. Narcotics for pain: morphin, chloral. 
See hydrothorax. 

Pleurodynia cf pleuritis, and congestion (pul- 
monary). 

Pneumonia. Bronchial (Catarrhal). See lobar 
pneumonia and bronchitis. Segregate the sick, take 
daily temperatures of the well. Perform paracentesis 
daily in hydrothorax. Disinfect the stalls. 

Pneumonia. Calf (Infectious Pneumonia). Iso- 
late cows advanced in pregnancy; disinfect the calf 
pens; segregate the sick; intensive feeding and pure 
air; give creosote in the milk; apply spirits of mus- 
tard on the chest; stimulate with camphor, caffein, 
and ammonia as in lobar pneumonia, which see. 

Pneumonia. Gangrenous. Usually fatal. In- 
halants: creolin, tar, creosote. Intratracheal injec- 
tions through a tracheotomy tube of equal parts oil 
of turpentine and olive oil, or 1% creosote solution, 
or glycerin and tincture of iodin 10%. Turpentine, 
camphor, and creolin internally. 

Pneumonia. Lobar (Croupous; Fibrinous). Fresh 
air free from dust and drafts; warm blankets and 
bandages in cold weather; slings and stimulants in 
weakness; massage the legs; laxative palatable food 
(grass, leafy hay, roots, mashes) in small amounts 
and often; water frequently. For early congestive 
stage with rapid pulse and high fever see congestion 
(pulmonary). Internal treatment: saline laxatives in 



129 



small repeated doses to control constipation (sal 
Carolini factitii). Give stimulants in marked depres- 
sion and heart weakness: ol. camphor per subcuti^, 
camphor, digitalis, caffein, tincture of strophanthus, 
alcohol, ammonia (aromatic spirits, carbonate). 

IJ 2 

Potassii iodidi S i 
Ammonii chloridi § ii 
Aquae q.s. 5 viii. 

M. Sig. One-half ounce 
4 times daily in stage 
of consolidation. 



gr. vii 



gr. IX 



I^ 1 

Strychninae sul- 

phatis 
Digitalini Ger- 

manici 
Atropinae sul- 

phatis gr. ii 

Aquae 5 ii. 

M. Sig. 5 cc. per sub- 
cutis in great circula- 
tory depression in horse 
or cow. y2 cc. for a 
large dog. 

In dyspnea give lobelia, belladonna, or spirits of 
nitrous ether. In resolution give expectorants: IJ 3, 
pg. 9; ipecacuanha; antimonii et potassii tartras; 
ammonii chloridum. See bronchitis. Depend mainly 
on pure air, and stimulation in weakness and collapse, 
avoid routine treatment and useless medication. 

Pododermatitis. Superficial (dark thin exudate) : 
remove enough horn to supply drainage and apply 
hot antiseptic packs (creolin, sublimate) ; follow with 
antiseptic powders under bandage, cauterize with 
thermo-cautery or lunar caustic. Aseptic (contu- 
sions of the pododerm; corns). Soak in warm water 
for 12-24 hours; apply a bar shoe to distribute con- 
cussion and relieve pressure on the bruised part, 
packing the sole with tar and oakum and covering 
with a leather sole. Bruises at the ends of the 
branches (corns) may be relieved by paring down 
the corresponding plantar border of the wall so that 
it does not come in contact with the shoe (remove all 



130 

pressure from the affected quarter). Suppurative 
(deep) : remove all undermined horn and thin the 
horn around the margins of the wound to avoid in- 
tense pain from protrusion of the pododerm (hernia 
of the pododerm). When the pododerm is infiltrated 
with pus it should be thoroughly removed by means 
of a curet, then cauterize with a thermo-cautery or 
lunar caustic, and cover with a moist or dry antisep- 
tic tampon (sublimate, creolin, formalin l^-l%, tan- 
nin, tannoform, iodoform) held firmly in position with 
a bandage, or wood or steel splint when the shoe is 
retained. 

Poll-evil. Acute inflammation of the poll (con- 
tusion), see contusion for treatment. Suppurative 
'bursitis: operation — remove the overlying ligamen- 
tum nuchae, excise the newly-formed sclerotic tissue, 
make a gutter in the occiptial crest, and pack with 
sublimate gauze (William's operation). 

Pox, Horse cf coital vesicular exanthema. 

Prepuce. Inflammation. Acute: prolonged irri- 
gation with hot antiseptics (creolin), apply a hot 
antiseptic suspensory when the tissues are swollen 
or phlegmonous, in the later stages inject astringent 
antiseptics into the prepuce (cupri sulphas, zinci 
sulphas, argenti nitras 1-2%, alumen). Cattle: irri- 
gate the prepuce with a warm saline solution, or 
potassium permanganate; when the acute symptoms 
have passed use astringent antiseptics as above. 
Bog: prolonged use of astringent antiseptics (lead, 
argenti nitras, alumen). Phimosis. Treat the acute 
symptoms as in inflammation; remove the chronic 
thickenings by means of a surgical operation. With 
extensive adhesions around the end of the penis make 
an artificial opening into the urethra through the 



131 

ventral surface. Paraphimosis: compress of hot 
creolin solution, apply astringent antiseptics (alum, 
tannin), surgical removal of chronic thickenings, 
when otherwise incurable amputate the penis. 

Prolapse. Rectum. Intestinal astringents in di- 
arrhea (check the diarrhea) ; laxatives in constipa- 
tion. Raise the hind parts; bathe the prolapsed tis- 
sues with astringent antiseptics (alumen, lead) and 
return; control straining with local anesthetics ap- 
plied in mucilaginous clysters, or administer chloral. 
Pigs: trim down the prolapsed part with scissors, 
disinfect with astringents and return. Uterus. Nar- 
cotize the animal (chloroform, chloral) ; elevate the 
hind parts; thoroughly cleanse the uterus by wash- 
ing repeatedly with a warm solution of bicarbonate 
of soda having the uterus supported on a sheet or in 
a large dish-pan to protect it from filth; disinfect 
with a mild antiseptic (therapogen, creolin) ; replace 
with the hands; fill the horn of the returned uterus 
with a warm solution of bicarbonate of soda or cre- 
olin to fully return the end of the horn; control any 
straining that may be present with chloral, when re- 
turned promptly and carefully straining is rare. Va- 
gina. Cleanse, disinfect, and return the prolapsed 
parts; retain with a shoe-lace suture of raw-hide belt 
lacing inserted through the thick skin on either side 
of the vulva, or the parts may be held in position 
with an iron truss. Build a platform to raise the 
hind parts in animals that have a tendency to pro- 
lapse (prophylaxis). 

Pruritus. Laxatives and laxative foods (carrots) 
for well-nourished animals. Arsenic, salts, and creo- 
lin internally to correct a possible gastro-intestinal 
catarrh. Externally apply a 1-5% alcoholic or glyc- 



132 

erin solution of salicylic acid, phenol, or tar. Daily 
baths in which there is tar soap, or creolin. Menthol 
B 2-6, phenol, chloral camphoratum, cocain, resorcin, 
formalin IJ 2. 

Purpura. Solution of adrenalin per vein or sub- 
cutis, fresh air, an abundance of nourishing food, 
belladonna externally when the parts are badly 
swollen, tracheotomy as soon as the swellings around 
the pharynx threaten dyspnea, avoid pressure from 
halter straps on the affected parts. Hydrochloric 
acid § 1/^ to a pail of water, quinin, protargol per 
vein (3 2-5 of a 5% solution 2-3 times daily), iron 
preparations, turpentine. 

Quarter Cracks. Prevent movement of the af- 
fected part by making a V-shaped groove, the 
branches of the V meeting below the lower end of 
the crack; apply a bar shoe with leather sole and 
oakum packing to remove pressure from the affected 
quarter. Fixation of the crack with clamps, spring, 
or bandage around the hoof. The essential feature 
is to prevent movement of the horn, or concussion at 
the coronarj^ band. Side-wall cracks: provide rest as 
above, and pare away the corresponding part of the 
plantar border of the wall to prevent concussion ot 
the affected part. Toe-crack: cut out a half-moon sec- 
tion from the plantar border of the horn-wall at the 
toe to relieve pressure from the shoe, and raise toe- 
clips on either side of this section to fix the margins 
of the cleft. Apply clamps and springs as above. 
Thin down the thick abrupt margins of the cleft with 
a rasp. 

Rachitis. Nourishing food rich in lime (grain, 
clover, alfalfa, peas, beans, bonemeal, pasture). Out- 
door life in summer, airy light dry stable in winter. 



u 1 

Acetphenetidini 
Phenylis salicyl- 

atis aa gr. xlv 

Caffeinae gr. xxx. 

M. Ft. pulv. No. viii. 
Sig. One every four 
hours for a dog (v.k.). 



133 

Add lime water to the milk. Calcii carbonas, phos- 
phorus (efficiency in doubt), acidum hydrochloricum 
dilutum, acidum phosphoricum dilutum. 

Ranula cf cyst. 

Rheumatism. Acute. Local treatment: massage 
the parts with liniments (alcohol, camphor, chloro- 
form, turpentine, methyl salicylate), apply hot packs, 
or alcohol bandage. Internally: salicylates with laxa- 
tives and diaphoretics, acidum acetyl-salicylicum IJ 1, 

B 2 
Sodii salicylatis 
Pulv. althaeae aa B iii- 
M. Ft. pulv. No. iv. 
Sig. One powder in a 
drench every three 
hours for a cow, or in 
the form of an electu- 
ary for a horse (v.k.). 

Ringworm (Tricophyton Tonsurans). Soften the 
scabs: soft soap and lard equal parts, creolin and cot- 
tonseed oil 1:20. Apply parasiticides with a stiff 
brush: formalin, hydrargyrum ammoniatum, acid sali- 
cylic, pix liquida I^ 1, sulphur iodid in oil 1:8-10. 
Alcoholic or petrox solutions of iodin or salicylic 
acid. Crude nitric acid 1, petrolatum 5 (cattle). 
1-2% alcoholic sublimate solutions. 

Salivation. Belladonna; withhold irritating 
plants (clover), or spoiled food. Treat the primary 
disease: pharyngitis, paralysis of the pharynx. 

Scabies cf mange. 

Scratches. Eczematous. Cleanse the skin, avoid- 
ing water as far as practical, and dry the skin with 
a towel, alcohol, or gasolene. In acute swelling apply 
an antiseptic bandage (creolin, sublimate) ; when the 
acute symptoms and swelling recede apply dry dress- 



134 

ings under a bandage (amylum, talcum, tannoform, 
tannin). Antiseptic powders, pastes, and solutions: 
acid carbolic crud. I^, acid boric, alumen, bismuth, 
charcoal, creolin, creosote, calomel, galla, glycerin 
B 1 and 2, formalin, hydrargyri iodidum rubrum 
(1:25-100 ointment), hydrargyrum ammoniatum and 
oxidum, liquor alumini acetatis, menthol, compound 
tincture of benzoin, petrox, phenol, tar, lead, pyok- 
tanin, resorcin, sulphur, sulphur iodid, zinc carbonate 
and oxid. Verrucose Scratches (Grease Heel). Ap- 
ply a formalin bandage 1:100-400 followed by daily 
curettage each time the bandage is removed, until 
the thickening is reduced, then follow with dusting- 
powders, cf pulvis. Pulverized potassium permanga- 
nate under a bandage, change every second day, 
after-treatment as above. Operative removal of the 
wart-like growths with a sharp scalpel (paring), fol- 
low with cauterization (cherry-red iron) and dry 
bandage (tannin). 

Shoe-boil cf contusion. 

Shoulder Lameness as hip lameness. 

Shoulder Tumors cf contusion. 

Spasm of the Diaphragm (Thumps). Rest, nar- 
cotics (chloral, morphin), camphor. When due to 
poisoning (aloes) use active stimulants (ammonia, 
ol. camphor per subcutis). 

Spavin. Point firing to the bone with small very 
hot points (thermo-cautery) followed with blisters 
and a rest of 1-3 months, mild cases sometimes re- 
cover without rest. Counter-irritation: hydrar- 
gj^ri chloridum corrosivum I^ 1-2, hydrargyri io- 
didum rubrum IJ 1. Tibio-peroneal neurectomy in 
incurable cases. 



135 

Splint. Recent: rubefacients (tincture of iodin, 
linimentum, hydrargyri iodidum rubrum I^ 1) with 
massage and bandage. Pressure bandage over a 
piece of lead or hard rubber moulded to the part. 
Massage daily with a piece of bone or hard wood. 
Resorbents: iodin-glycerin, or iodin-petrox 1:4 ap- 
plied daily with a brush; hydrargyri chloridum cor- 
rosivum R. 1-2, alcoholic sublimate 1:3, cantharides 
IJ 5, hydrargyri iodidum rubrum IJ 1. 

Sprains. Rest and heat (hot compress, cata- 
plasma kaolini), alcohol bandage. Subacute: mas- 
sage with stimulating liniments (ammonia, sinapis, 
turpentine) and bandage. Chronic: fixation bandage 
over a blister (cantharides, unguentum hydrargyri 
iodidi 1:4-5), firing when it terminates in chronic 
arthritis. 

Strangles. Provide a well-ventilated stall free 
from dust, drafts, and stable gases (ammonia). Lax- 
ative diet: fine hay, carrots, mashes. Inhalants: cre- 
olin, turpentine, eucalyptol, menthol I^ 1. Keep the 
nostrils and manger clean and disinfected (creolin), 
destroy all exudates dropped on the manger and 
walls. Local treatment: hot compress on the throat 
(creolin, cataplasma kaolini), follow with liniments 
and mild blisters when the swelling persists. Early 
incision of subparotid abscesses, see pharyngitis. 
Expectorants: antimonii et potassii tartras in early 
stages, ammonium chlorid and juniper later. See 
bronchitis, cough, B 3, pg. 9. 

Stomach-worm Disease (Strongylus Contortus). 
Remove all animals from the infested pastures, in- 
tense feeding, water in troughs instead of from the 
ground, disinfect the pens. Creosote, copper sul- 
phate, gasolene, acidum picricum, potassium picrate. 

Stomatitis. Remove foreign bodies (awns) from 



. 136 

the mucous membranes with a curet. Apply astrin- 
gent antiseptics: potassii chloras 4%, alum 3-5%, 
touch ulcers with argenti nitras 10% on a pledget of 
cotton. 

Strongylus cf lung-worm disease and stomach- 
worm disease. 

Summer Sores. Protect against flies by applying 
a paste of formalin, acacia, and starch. 

Sunstroke. Place the animal in a shady cool 
place. Pour cold water on the head and body (hose), 
give clysters of cold water, place packs of ice to the 
head. Excitants: ol. camphor, caffein, aromatic 
spirits of ammonia, strophanthus. With symptoms of 
pulmonary congestion give spiritus glycerylis nitratis 

n 2. 

Taeniasis. See worms. 

Tendinitis and Tendovaginitis. Acute: cold for 

the first 24 hours (baths, ice packs, cold irrigation) ; 
follow with hot Priessnitz compress, alcohol or cam- 
phor bandage, cataplasma kaolini. In severe sprains 
with heat and tenderness hot packs are indicated 
trom the first. Subacute: massage with rubefacients 
(linimentum, unguentum hydrargyri, tincture of iodin, 
petrox iodin) and cover with a bandage. Chronic: 
mild blisters under a tar bandage, fixation bandage, 
blisters, line firing, shoe with high heel calks. Serous 
(Thoroughpin; Wind-puffs): in the early stages treat 
as acute tendinitis or tendovaginitis. Serous disten- 
sions — shave and disinfect, aspirate the fluid, inject 
tincture of iodin 1 to distilled water 3 through the 
aspiration trochar, massage for one to two minutes 
and allow the excess to flow out through the trocar, 
follow with a hot antiseptic compress (creolin). This 
is followed with an acute swelling that gradually re- 
cedes and leaves permanent improvement. 



137 

Tendovaginitis cf tendinitis. 

Tenesmus. Cliloral, morphin, clysters of demul- 
cents containing cocain in irritation of the rectum. 

Tetanus. Prophylaxis: tetanus antitoxin B 1. 
Treatment: keep the wound moist with a 3% phenol 
pack, inject 10 cc. of a 2% phenol solution per sub- 
cutis twice daily, give clysters of 1/2% phenol. Keep 
the animal quiet and alone, and give a light laxative 
diet. 

Thoroughpin cf tendinitis. 

Thrush. Cleanse the frog, remove the diseased 
and macerated horn, spread the heels (spring, shoe). 
Disinfect: formalin 10-50%, tar or creosote in alcohol 
5-10%, creolin or sublimate pack, tincture of aloes, 
cupri sulphas, calomel, cf pulvis. 

Tympany. Acute tympany in ruminants. Keep 
the mouth open with a rope or stick smeared with tar, 
or the mouth speculum. Massage the rumen from 
below upward with the closed fists against the left 
flank. Drive in cold water, pour cold water over the 
body. Carminatives: aromatic spirits of ammonia, 
capsicum, zingiber. Dilute hydrochloric acid, creolin, 
therapogen. Pass a stomach-tube, or a piece of hose 
to relieve the gas, trocarize in the left flank, incision 
of the rumen where the gas is infiltrated through a 
mass of fermenting food so that the tympany is not 
relieved through a trocar or stomach-tube. Chronic 
tympany: as chronic indigestion. Acute tympany in 
the horse, see acute indigestion. 

Urachus cf navel. 

Urine, Retention of, Pass a catheter to locate 
possible mechanical obstructions. In spasm of the 
bladder supply fresh bedding, apply rubefacients to 
the abdomen (alcohol and turpentine equal parts, 



138 

spirits of mustard), give warm clysters of cliloral 
hydrate, give morphin per subcutis, catheterize. In 
paralysis of tlie bladder give strychnin, apply elec- 
tricity and rubefacients (linimentum) over the lum- 
bar region, remove the urine through a catheter. 

Urticaria. Laxatives (Carlsbad salts) and bit- 
ters. Weak solutions of ammonia locally. 

Vaginitis. Contagious. Frequent disinfection of 
the stable (gutters, floors, walls) with white-wash, 
powdered lime, creolin, liquor cresolis compositus. 
Cleanse and disinfect the external genitals and parts 
(tail, legs). Vaginal irrigation daily to twice or three 
times a week with mild antiseptics (therapogen, 
potassium permanganate, creolin ^/^-1%). Prevent in- 
fection from the bull by clipping the preputial hairs, 
and disinfecting the prepuce and abdomen as in con- 
tagious abortion. 

Vertigo (Dizziness) cf epilepsy. 

Warts. Operative removal: excision, scissors, 
ligature. Acid salicylic gr. 30 to acid acetic B 1; 
phenol; acid nitric; formalin; castor oil applied daily; 
saturated solution of salicylic acid in alcohol; touch 
with acetic acid, or glacial acetic acid. Give arsenic 
in large doses for multiple warts, up to 5 drams daily 
for a cow. 

White Scours. Prophylaxis as in navel-ill. Treat- 
ment: as gastro-enteritis ; polyvalent serum. 

Wind-puffs cf arthritis and tendinitis. 

Wood-eating cf licking-disease. 

Wool-eating. Sheep: give more freedom and ex- 
ercise; feed clover or alfalfa; divide into small 
groups; internal treatment as in licking-disease (di- 
lute hydrochloric acid, apomorphin). 



139 

Worms. Ascaris (Stomach-worms). Horse: an- 
timonii et potassii tartras I^ 1, aloes S 1, Fowler's 
solution, oleum terebinthinae 5 2-3 in a pint of lin- 
seed oil, areca-nut or iron sulphate for foals. 
Calves: a dram of antimonii et potassii tartras dis- 
solved in eight ounces of water, give a tablespoonful 
every 3-4 hours. Sioine: areca-nut, oil of turpentine, 
follow with castor oil. Dog: as in tape-worms, san- 
tonin 5^ 1. 

Oxyurus (Pin Worms; Rectal Worms). Repeated 
clysters of acetum 1%; quassia; clysters of creolin 
%%; aloes B 1; arseni trioxidum I^ 4; see ascaris and 
tape-worms, 

Strongylus. See stomach-worm disease, and 
lung-worm disease. 

Tape-worms. Precede the treatment with mild 
laxatives and restricted diet. Horse and Goto: aloes 
5 1 ; tartar emetic 3 4; oil of turpentine S 3 in a quart 
of linseed oil. Sheep: oil of turpentine 3 2-4 in lin- 
seed oil 3 4-6; kamala 5 1-1^/4; areca-nut; aspidium. 
Dog: aspidium; artcolin gr. i/4-% per os; kamala; 
areca-nut; I^ 5 and 6 pg. 9. When the vermifuge is 
not retained in dogs and cats it may be necessary to 
anesthetize the stomach: cocain gr. l^/^; adrenalin 
1:1000, 15 cc; aqua amygdalae amarae 10 cc; admin- 
istered through a stomach-tube for a dog. And give 
the vermifuge in milk or castor oil through a stomach- 
tube. 

Wounds. Bulbs of the Heel, and Calk Wounds. 
Recent: cleanse the wound thoroughly with warm 
antiseptic solutions or peroxid, shave the hair from 
around the margins, thin the horn over the injured 
tissue, and apply a hot moist antiseptic compress 
(creolin, sublimate). With less secretions cover with 



140 

an antiseptic powder (tannin, boric acid, pulvis) un- 
der a bandage. Keep in a clean dry stall. In abra- 
sions apply an antiseptic ointment: zinc, lead, amyl- 
um. Old: drain thoroughly, remove all undermined 
horn, remove excessive granulations with a curet or 
knife, cauterize (argenti nitras, thermo-cautery, 
cherry-red iron), and cover with a dry antiseptic 
powder under a bandage. Eye-lids: cleanse with a 
warm solution of bicarbonate of soda, clip the hair, 
shave and disinfect (warm creolin or therapogen), 
fix the margins with an interrupted suture, cover 
with a fixative paste (flexile collodion, airol paste, 
antiphlogistin) or antiseptic compress under a 
bandage. Preserve all flaps. Back the animal into 
the stall and cross-tie to prevent rubbing. In abra- 
sions of the eyelids apply an ointment of zinc oxid. 
Joint: absolute rest (slings). Clip the hair, shave 
and disinfect around the puncture. Occlusive dress- 
ing: sublimate pack; iodoform-collodion (cautery 
wounds) ; cauterize with a thermo-cautery, or blister, 
around small recent perforations; in recent small 
punctures from which there flows much synovial dis- 
charge dust freely and often with desiccant anti- 
septics (powdered gum arable mixed with tannin, 
calomel, pulvis antisepticus) to promote the forma- 
tion of a gelatinous plug. Permanent antiseptic irri- 
gation. Pododerm: Nailing: remove the nail that 
caused the prick, relieve shoe-pressure from the in- 
jured part of the hoof, hot foot-bath in an antiseptic 
solution; when suppuration follows treat as pododerm- 
atitis. Street-nails: after the removal of the nail 
thin the horn around the puncture, apply an antisep- 
tic pack (sublimate, formalin). After-treatment as in 
pododermatitis. 



6. Symptoms and Treatment of Poisoning. 

Aconite. Symptoms: salivation, excitement, itch- 
ing, vomiting, diarrhea, colic, tympany, convulsions, 
trembling, dilated pupils, weakness and collapse. 
Treatment: Antidote: tannin. Excitants: oil of 
camphor per subcutis, ether, alcohol, ammonia, digi- 
talinum (Germanicum), strychnin. 

Acids (Hydrochloric; Sulphuric). Symptoms: 
cauterization of the mucous membranes of the mouth 
and pharynx; moist gangrene with the formation of 
a dry scab; salivation, difficult swallowing. Symp- 
toms of gastro-enteritis: colic, diarrhea, marked de- 
pression, weakness and collapse. Treatment : At first 
give alkalies: soap and water, lime water, solution of 
bicarbonate of soda, magnesia. Follow with demul- 
cents (I^ 11, pg. 10) and narcotics to control the pain 
(morphin per subcutis, cannabis Indica per vein). 

Antimonii et Potassii Tartras (Tartar Emetic). 
Fatal minimum dose for the horse and cow is one- 
half to one ounce. Symptoms: salivation, emesis 
(dog, cat, swine). Gastro-enteritis: pain, tenesmus 
(straining), diarrhea, tympany in cattle and sheep. 
Frequent irregular pulse, convulsions and dyspnea. 
Treatment. Antidote: tannin. Demulcents: ^, 11, 
pg. 10, milk, white of egg. Control the pain with mor- 
phin or cannabis Indica. Excitants in weakness and 
collapse: ol. camphor per subcutis, alcohol, aromatic 
spirits of ammonia, atropin, ether. 

Alkalies (Ammonia; Caustic Potash). Symp- 
toms: swelling and cauterization of the lips, mucous 
membranes of the mouth, pharynx and esophagus; 



142 

moist gangrene with the formation of a moist scab; 
salivation, difficult swallowing, vomiting. Symptoms 
of gastro-enteritis: colic, tympany. Treatment: at 
first give weak acids (vinegar, acetic acid) ; follow 
with demulcents m 11, pg. 10, oatmeal water); treat 
the weakness and collapse with excitants (ol. cam- 
phor per subcutis, strychnin, caffein). 

Aloes. Symptoms: weakness, rapid weak pulse, 
spasm of the diaphragm, diarrhea (not always pres- 
ent), red conjunctival mucous membranes, nervous 
twitching of the peripheral muscles, sighing, cold 
sweat, rapid breathing, marked depression, and col- 
lapse. Treatment: Demulcents (I^ 11, pg. 10, oatmeal 
water) and styptics (tannin). Treat the collapse with 
ol. camphor per subcutis, strychnin, caffein, see col- 
lapse. 

Arecolin. Treatment: atropin. 

Arsenic (White Arsenic; Arseni Trioxidum). 
Minimum fatal dose per mouth for the cow S Vz-^, 
for the horse 3 2i/^-4; through wounds horse and cow, 
grains 30. Most frequent source of poisoning is in 
rat poison and Paris green. Symptoms: thirst, 
emesis (dog and cat) ; constipation followed by a fe- 
tid diarrhea, pulse small frequent and irregular, colic, 
cyanosis of the conjunctival mucous membranes, 
dyspnea, depression, weakness, trembling, paralysis, 
and collapse. Treatment: Antidote: magnesia (mag- 
nesium oxid), dog gr. 1^2-15; H. & C. 3 4-5 in 20 
parts water, repeat every 15 minutes to half-hour. 
"Arsenic Antidote" — solution of iron sulphate and 
magnesium oxid (ferri hydroxidum; ferri hydroxidum 
cum magnesii oxido). Powdered iron, iron filings, 
water from a blacksmith's tub in which hot irons 
have been cooled. Symptomatic: demulcents (I^ 11, 



143 

pg. 10, white of egg, milk, oatmeal water). Excitants 
in paralysis and weakness: ol, camphor per subcutis, 
ether, alcohol, caffein, atropin, strychnin, digalen. 
Avoid alkalies and control the pain with narcotics 
(cannabis Indica per vein, chloral in demulcents for 
cows, morphin per subcutis). 

Atropin. Symptoms: excitement, rapid pulse and 
respiration, followed by depression, small irregular 
pulse, and dilated pupils. Treatment: Narcotics: 
morphin, chloral, cannabis Indica. Arecolin. Tan- 
nin as an antidote. Oil of camphor per subcutis in 
weakness and collapse, see collapse. 

Barium Chlorid. Symptoms. Diarrhea, colic, 
heart weakness, muscular paralysis, collapse, sudden 
death from paralysis of the heart. Treatment: Anti- 
dote: sodii sulphas (Glauber's salt) per vein, atropin; 
narcotics (morphin, opium, chloral, chloroform). 

Cantharides. Symptoms: salivation, difficult 
swallowing, vomiting, colic, diarrhea, tenesmus, fre- 
quent thready pulse, polyuria, sexual excitement, un- 
steady gait, nephritis, and cystitis. Treatment: 
emetics in small animals and swine (apomorphin, 
veratrin), purgatives, demulcents (IJ 11, pg. 10, oat- 
meal water). Camphor and morphin in small doses. 
Avoid oil. 

Chloral Hydrate and Chloroform. Atropin, hy- 
oscin, pour cold water on the head and back, strych- 
nin, inhalation of ammonia, artificial respiration in 
small animals. 

Digitalis. Minimum fatal dose for the horse is 
6 3 (25.), for the dog 1 3 (5.), given singly or over a 
period of 3 days (Frohner). An ounce daily per os 
to a cow for four days had no apparent effect (Sal vis- 
berg). Horses are often poisoned by overdosage 



144 

with the fluid extract. Symptoms: pulse becomes 
rapid, small, weak, and irregular, the heart impulse 
increased and pounding. At first excitement (conges- 
tion of the brain) followed by depression, weakness, 
and paralysis (diminished blood pressure). Gastro- 
enteritis: salivation, retching, emesis, colic, diarrhea. 
Treatment. Symptomatic with excitants: camphor, 
coffee, atropin, caffein, strychnin. Antidote (tannin). 

Ether. Artificial respiration, atropin, caffein, 
strychnin, massage. 

Lead. Symptoms. Colic, tympanitis, salivation 
(especially in cattle), constipation. Pulse is small, 
hard, either rapid or slow. Trembling, twitching, 
paralysis, epileptic attacks (convulsions). Mucous 
membranes at first red, then a dirty-grey (dark line 
around the teeth in chronic poisoning) . Dyspnea. 
Treatment. Antidote: sodii sulphas, dilute sulphuric 
acid. Em.etics in small animals and pigs. Demul- 
cents: linseed water, milk, white of egg. Control 
pain with narcotics: chloral, morphin. Excitants 
for depression: camphor, ether, atropin, strychnin, 
lodid of potash in chronic form. 

Mercury. Corrosive sublimate; mercurial oint- 
ment § 1; and calomel 3 2-3 in cattle (very suscepti- 
ble). Symptoms. Skin eruptions (mercurial eczema 
in cattle), blue ring around the gums, cough, thick 
nasal discharge, salivation, colic, fetid diarrhea 
paralysis,- convulsions, nephritis, emesis (dogs). 
Gastro-enteritis predominates when administered 
through the mouth (acute fatal course). Treatment. 
Emetics in small animals (apomorphin, veratrin). 
Antidote: sulphur, sulphate of iron, ferrum reductum. 
Demulcents: linseed water, white of egg, milk. Ex- 
citants in weakness: atropin, ammonia, camphor, caf- 



145 

fein. Potassium chlorate in stomatitis. Potassium 
iodid in chronic mercurialism. 

Phosphorus. Rat and mice poison. Symptoms. 
Restlessness, emesis (dog, cat, ruminant), colic, 
dyspnea, weakness, trembling. Treatment. Mag- 
nesia in water, copper sulphate solution. De- 
mulcents: linseed water and egg; avoid oils and 
milk. 

Phenol (Carbolic Acid). Dyspnea, colic, diarrhea, 
collapse. Treatment. Antidote: alcohol, sulphuric 
acid, sodii sulphas, chalk. Demulcents: linseed water. 
Excitants in weakness and collapse: camphor, am- 
monia, strychnia, atropin. 

Pilocarpin. Salivation, pulmonary edema. Treat. 
Atropin. 

Physostigmin (Eserin). Sweating, dyspnea, diar- 
rhea, colic, tenesmus. Treat. Atropin. 

Strychnin. Convulsions. Treat. Morphin, chlo- 
ral, chloroform inhalations, tannin. 

Tobacco. External use of full strength decoc- 
tions and infusions. Symptoms. Salivation, retch- 
ing, colic, tympanitis, diarrhea, polyuria, trembling 
and weakness, paralysis, collapse, spasm of dia- 
phragm. Pulse at first slow, then rapid and irregular. 
Dyspnea. Resorption through the skin may cause 
convulsions and collapse only. Treatment. Anti- 
dote: tannin in poisoning per os; potassium iodid. 
Excitants in paralysis: atropin, ammonia, strychnin, 
ol. camphor. Narcotics in convulsions. 



7. Administration of Medicine. 

1. Per OS. 

The promptness and intensity, as well as the 
duration of the action of drugs, depend on the method 
and time of administration. Most drugs are given 
through the mouth (per os) when they are absorbed 
through the alimentary mucous membrane. The ac- 
tion of drugs given per os is relatively slow and is 
most useful when we desire a prolonged effect, or 
when the alimentary tract itself is the object of 
treatment (intestinal catarrh, diarrhea). In certain 
conditions drugs given per os may remain inactive 
(aloes pill in impaction of the stomach or paralysis 
of the bowel), or become inert (digitalis in the stom- 
ach of cattle). When rapid absorption or prompt ef- 
fect is desired oral medication is best applied when 
the stomach is comparatively empty — febrifuge, pur- 
gative, vermifuge. In general the. degree of fullness 
of the digestive tract is of slight importance in oral 
medication. This is the oldest method of giving 
medicine, when properly conducted it is the safest 
(less shock, longer effect), and with most drugs it is 
least expensive and most convenient. Medicine may 
be given per os in an electuary (pulverized licorice 
and water, honey, syrup, molasses), bolus, capsule, 
drench, or in the feed or drinking water. Cats and 
dogs are often dosed through a stomach-tube to pre- 
vent vomiting, and the same method is useful for 
horses (paralysis of the pharynx) in the administra- 
tion of both medicine and food. 

The relative size of the dose according to the 



147 



method 
lows: 



of administration, species, and age is as fol- 

Mouth = 1 
Rectum = 1-2 
Subcutaneous = 1/10-1/2 
Intratracheal = 1/20 
Intravenous = 1/50-1/25. 

6 year-old horse = 1 
3 year-old horse = 1/2 
Yearling colt = 1/4 
6-months colt = 1/8 
3-months colt = 1/16 
1-month colt =1/24 



Horse 


= 1 


Cow 


= 11/2 


Sheep 


= 1/5 


Swine 


= 1/5 


Dog = 


: 1/10 (large dog) 


Cat 


= 1/20 


Fowl 


= 1/25-1/50 



2. Administration per subcutis. 
Drugs given subcutaneously are rapidly absorbed, 
their action is prompt and intense but relatively 
short, and they are eliminated more quickly than 
when given per os. This method is of special value 
in acute conditions that demand prompt relief (col- 
lapse, colic, acute heart weakness, marked depres- 
sion, paralysis of the respiratory or circulatory cen- 
ters, acute laminitis, intense pain). The following 
are some of the preparations adapted to this method 
of administration: all soluble alkaloids (strychnin, 
arecolin) and glucosids (digitalinum Germanicum), 
antipyrin, tuberculin, mallein, extract of ergot 
(Squibb), camphorated oil, ether, alcohol, physiologi- 
cal salt solution (0.6%), phenol (2%), caffein and 
sodium salicylate, serums and vaccines. 

3. Rectal Administration. 
Rectal administration (clyster, enema) is useful 
for the local application of drugs to the diseased 



148 

mucous membrane, styptics (silver nitrate) and de- 
mulcents (linseed tea) in diarrhea; the softening of 
impacted contents (linseed oil, slow injection of 
warm water) ; stimulating peristalsis (clysters of 
cold water, soapy water, or glycerin) ; relieving 
thirst, and giving nourishment (liquids only). It is 
also useful for giving medicines like chloral, or al- 
cohol when the animal is unable to swallow in disease 
of the esophagus or pharynx. Most drugs are absorbed 
more slowly from the rectum than from the stomach. 

4. Intravenous Injection. 
Medication per vein has a limited but useful 

field. Adrenalin solutions are more active when 
placed in the vein, F. Ext. of cannabis Indica in- 
jected into the vein is a very useful narcotic, the 
soluble silver preparations (protargol), tallianine, 
and barium chlorid are usually given intravenously. 

5. Intratracheal Injection. 

Medication per trachea has not come into gen- 
eral use. It is most useful in the destruction of lung- 
worms, see worms. 



8. Tables. 



a) Period of Estrum. 





Occurs after par- 
turition in 


Intervals between 
estrum when con- 
ception does not 
occur. 

3-4 weeks 


Duration of estrum 


Mare 


7- 9 days 


8 


days 


Cow 


18-21 days 


18-21 days 


2-3 


days 


Sheep 


7 months 


3 weeks 


2-3 


days 


Swine 


4-8 weeks 


2 weeks 


2-4 


days 


Dog 


12-14 weeks 


12-14 weeks 


10-14 


days 



b) Duration of Pregnancy. 



Minii 



Ma 



Average 



Mare 

Ass 

Cow 

Sheep 

Sow 

Bitch 

Cat 



c) Period of Suckling. 

Foals 12-16 weeks, lambs 8-16 weeks, calves 6-12 
weeks, pigs 4-8 weeks. Pigs may be taught to drink 
at a much earlier period, and calves are often taken 
from the dam at birth. 



310 


380 


340 (48-49 weeks) 
365 (52 weeks) 


240 


320 


280 (40 weeks) 


145 


155 


150 (21.5 weeks) 
120 (17 weeks) 
63 ( 9 weeks) 
56 ( 8 weeks) 



d) Brooding Period. 
Hen 21 days, turkey 26-29 days, goose 28-33 days, 
duck 28-32 days, doves 17-19 days, canaries 2 weeks. 



150 
e) Parturition Table.* 



Con- 
ception 


Date of Birth 


Date 


Mare 


Cow 


Sheep 


Swine 


Bitch 


Cat 


340 days 284 days!l52 days 120 days 63 days 


56 days 


1. Jan. 


6. Dec. 


11. Oct. 


1. June 


30. Apr. 


4. Mar. 


25. Feb. 


6. " 


11. " 


16. " 


6. " 


5. May 


9. " 


2. Mar. 


11. " 


16. " 


21. " 


11. " 


10. " 


14. " 


7. " 


16. " 


21. " 


26. " 


16. " 


15. " 


19. " 


12. " 


21. " 


26. " 


31. " 


21. " 


20. " 


24. " 


17. " 


26. '• 


31. " 


5. Nov. 


26. " 


25. " 


29. " 


22. " 


31. " 


5. Jan. 


10. " 


1. July 


30. " 


3. Apr. 


27. " 


5. Feb. 


10. " 


15. '• 


6. " 


4. June 


8. " 


1. Apr. 


10. " 


15. " 


20. " 


11. " 


9. " 


13. " 


6. " 


15. " 


20. " 


25. " 


16. " 


14. " 


18. " 


11. " 


20. " 


25. " 


30. " 


21. " 


19. " 


23. " 


16. " 


25. " 


30. " 


5. Dec. 


26. '• 


24. " 


28. " 


21. " 


2. Mar. 


4. Feb. 


10. " 


31. " 


29. " 


3. May 


26. " 


7. " 


9. " 


15. " 


5. Aug. 


4. July 


8. " 


1. May 


12. " 


14. " 


20. " 


10. " 


9. " 


13. " 


6. " 


17. " 


19. " 


25. " 


15. " 


14. " 


18. " 


11. " 


22. " 


24. " 


30. " 


20. " 


19. " 


23. 


16. " 


27. " 


1. Mar. 


4. Jan. 


25. " 


24. " 


28. " 


21. " 


1. Apr. 


6. " 


9. " 


30. •* 


29. " 


2. June 


26. " 


6. " 


11. " 


14. " 


4 Sept. 


3. Aug. 


7. " 


31. " 


11. " 


16. " 


i9. " 


9. " 


8. " 


12. " 


5. June 


16. " 


21. " 


24. " 


14. '• 


13. " 


17. " 


10. " 


21. " 


26. " 


29. " 


19. " 


18. " 


22. " 


15. •• 


26. " 


31. " 


3. Feb. 


24. " 


23. " 


27. " 


20. " 



(1 Rautenberg Veterinar Kalender. 



151 



Con- 
ception 


Date of Birth 


Date 


Mare 
340 days 


1 
Cow Sheep Swine Bitch 
284 days 152 days 120 days 63 days 


Cat 
56 days 


1. May 


5. Apr. 


8. Feb. 


29. Sept. 


28. Aug. 


2. July 


25. June 


6. " 


10. " 


13. " 


4. Oct. 


2. Sept. 


7. " 


30. " 


11. " 


15. " 


18. " 


9. " 


7. " 


12. " 


5. July 


16. " 


20. " 


23. " 


14. " 


12. " 


17. " 


10. " 


21. " 


25. " 


28. " 


19. " 


17. " 


22. " 


15. " 




30. " 


5. Mar. 


24. " 


22. " 


27. " 


20. " 


31. " 


5. May 


10. " 


29. " 


27. " 


1. Aug. 


25. " 


5. June 


10. " 


15. ■' 


3. Nov. 


2. Oct. 


6. " 


30. " 


10. " 


15. " 


20. " 


8. " 


7. " 


11. " 


4. Aug. 


15. " 


20. '■ 


25. " 


13. " 


12. " 


16. " 


9. " 


20. " 


25. " 


30. " 


18. " 


17. " 


21. " 


14. " 


25. " 


30. " 


4. Api\ 


23. " 


22. " 


26. " 


19. " 


30. '• 


4. June 


9. " 


28. " 


27. " 


31. " 


24. " 


5. July 


9. " 


14. " 


3. Dec. 


1. Nov. 


5. Sept. 


29. " 


10. " 


14. " 


19. " 


S. " 


6. " 


10. " 


3. Sept. 


15. " 


19. " 


24. " 


13. " 


11. " 


15. " 


8. " 


20. " 


24. " 


29. " 


18. " 


16. " 


20. " 


13. " 


25. " 


29. " 


4. May 


23. " 


21. " 


25. " 


18. " 


30. " 


4. July 


9. " 


28. " 


26. " 


30. " 


23. " 


4. Aug-. 


9. " 


14. " 


2. Jan. 


1. Dec. 


5. Oct. 


28. " 


9. " 


14. " 


19. " 


7. " 


6. " 


10. " 


3. Oct. 


14. " 


19. " 


24. " 


12. " 


11. " 


15. " 


8. " 


19. " 


24. " 


29. " 


17. " 


16. " 


20. " 


13. " 


24. " 


29. " 


3. June 


22. " 


21. " 


25. " 


18. " 


29. " 


3. Aug. 


8. " 


27. " 


26. " 


30. " 


23. " 



152 



Con- 
ception 


Date of Birth 


Date 


Mare Cow Sheep Swine Bitch 
340 days 284 days 152 days 120 days 63 days 


Cat 

56 days 


3. Sept. 


8. Aug. 


13. June 


1. Feb. 


31. Dec. 


4. Nov. 


28. Oct. 


8. " 


13. " 


18. " 


6. " 


5. Jan. 


9. " 


2. Nov. 


13. " 


18. " 


23. " 


11. " 


10. " 


14. " 


7. " 


18. " 


23. " 


28. " 


16. " 


15. " 


19. " 


12. " 


23. " 


28. " 


3. July 


21. " 


20. " 


24. " 


17. " 


28. " 


2. Sept. 


8. " 


26. " 


25. " 


29. " 


22. " 


3. Oct. 


7. " 


13. " 


3. Mar. 


30. " 


4. Dec. 


27. " 


8. " 


12. " 


18. " 


7. " 


4. Feb. 


9. " 


2. Dec. 


13. " 


17. " 


23. " 


13. " 


9. " 


14. " 


7. " 


18. " 


22. " 


28. " 


18. " 


14. " 


19. " 


12. " 


23. " 


27. " 


2. Aug. 


23. " 


19. " 


24. " 


17. " 


28. " 


2. Oct. 


7. " 


28. " 


24. " 


29. " 


22. " 


2. Nov. 


7. " 


12. " 


2. April 


1. Mar. 


3. Jan. 


27. " 


7. " 


12. " 


17. " 


7. " 


6. " 


8. " 


1. Jan. 


12. " 


17. " 


22. " 


12. " 


11. " 


13. " 


6. " 


17. " 


22. " 


27. " 


17. " 


16. " 


18. " 


11. " 


22. " 


27. " 


1. Sept. 


22. " 


21. " 


23. " 


16. " 


27. " 


1. Nov. 


6. " 


27. " 


26. " 


28. " 


21. ' 


2. Dec. 


6. " 


1 1. " 


2. May 


31. " 


2. Feb. 


26. " 


7. " 


11. " 


16. " 


7. " 


5. Apr. 


7. " 


31. " 


12. " 


16. " 


21. " 


12. " 


10. " 


12. " 


5. Feb. 


17. " 


21. " 


26. " 


17. " 


15. " 


17. " 


10. " 


22. " 


2G. " 


1. Oct. 


22. " 


20. " 


22. •' 


15. " 


27. " 


1. Dec. 


6. " 


27. " 


25. " 


27. " 


20. " 


31. " 


.). 


10. " 


1. June 


29. " 


3. Mar. 


24. " 



153 

f) Determination of the Age of Domestic Animals. 

The age of animals is best determined by an 
examination of the teeth. The eruption, wear, and 
shape of the teeth, especially the incisors, is of special 
value. For convenience the following abbreviations 
are used: P P P = central (nippers), intermediate, 
and corner incisors in the horse; P P P P = central, 
first intermediate, second intermediate, and corner 
incisors in ruminants; C = canine; G^ G^ G^ G* G^ G* 
= grinders, or premolars and molars from before 
backward, or check teeth. 

Horse. 

Eruption of the teeth: 

At birth : Temporary P Temporary G^ G^ G^ 
4-6 weeks : Temporary P P Temporary G^ G^ G^, 
6-9 months : Temporary P P P Temporary G^ G^ G^ 
lU-12 months : Temporary P P P, Temporary G^ G^ G^ 

Eruption of G*. 
2 years : Eruption of G^ 
21/2-3 years : Change of P G^ G^ 
31/^-4 years : Change of P G^ 
41/^-5 years : Change of P G^ and eruption of C. 
4-5 years : Eruption of G^ and eruption of C. 

Wear of the teeth: 

The table-surface is leveled (the cup disappears, 
or becomes much smaller) at 

6 years on the inferior P. 

7 years on the inferior P; a notch often forms on the 

upper P. 

8 years on the inferior P; the dental star appears in P. 
At 9 years the notches on the superior P often dis- 
appear. 

At 11 years the dental stars are in the middle of the 



154 

tables, the inferior corners are as large at the gums 
as at their free extremities, and notches reappear in 
the upper corner teeth. Up to 12 years the table- 
surfaces of the teeth are elliptical (narrower from 
before backward) ; from 12-18 they gradually become 
round; from 18 and above they become triangular 
to biangular (wider from before backward). 

The average length of the free portion of the in- 
cisor teeth is 16 mm.; for each 2 mm. in excess of this 
length add one year; for each 2 mm. less than this 
length deduct one year from the estimate. 

Rib test: the distance between the last two ribs 
begins to increase at 12 years, at 15 there is a well- 
marked spread. This spreading extends forward so 
that the space between the 17th and 16th is well- 
marked at 18 years. To estimate the age, add three 
years to twelve for each space. This is a useful but 
not infallible adjunct to our observation of the teeth. 

Ox. 

Eruption of the teeth: 

Birth to 3 weeks : Temporary P P P P, Temporary G\ 

5-6 months : Permanent G*. 

1^/^ years : Change of P, Permanent G^ 

2 years : Maturity of P, Permanent G' G*'. 
2V2 years : Change of P, Permanent Gl 

3 years : Maturity of P, Permanent Gl 
31/^ years : Change of P. 

4 years : Maturity of P. 
4^/4 years : Change of P. 

5 years : Maturity of P, all teeth in wear. 

6 years : Neck at the gums on P. 

7 years : Neck at the gums on I^ 

8 years : Neck at the gums on I^ 

9 years : Neck at the gums on P. 

15 years : Incisors very small or lost. 



155 

Horn test: count the rings around the base of the 
horn, and add two to the number of rings to estimate 
the age in years of cows. The method is based on 
the formation of a ring for each period of pregnancy, 
estimating the first pregnancy at the end of the sec- 
ond year, and a pregnancy each year thereafter. 

Sheep. 

Eruption of the teeth: 

4 weeks : Temporary P P P P, Temporary G^ G^ G'. 

3-5 months : Eruption of G*. 

9-12 months : Eruption of G\ 

12-18 months : Change of P. 

11^-2 years : Change of P, G^ G- G^ Eruption of G\ 

214-2% years : Change of P. 

3-3% years : Change of P. 

6 years : Notch forms between the nippers. 

10-12 years : Incisors are lost. 

Swine. 

Eruption of the teeth: 

4 weeks : Temporary P P, Temporary C, Temporary 
G^ G*. 

3 months : Temporary P P P. 

9 months : Change of C and P. 

12-15 months : Change of P. 

16-18 months : Change of P. 

Dog. 

Eruption of the teeth: 

5-6 weeks : Temporary P P P, Temporary C, Tem- 
porary G^ G' G*. 

4-5 months : Change of P P, Eruption G*. 

5-5V2 months : Change of P P, C, G^ G=^ G^ Eruption 
G^ 



156 

6-7 months : Eruption G". 
1-2 years : Wearing down of trefoil on r. 
2-3 years : Wearing down of trefoil on P. 
4-5 years : Wearing down of trefoil on P. 
Over 5 years, impossible to determine the age. 



g) Body Temperature, Pulse, and Respiration. 



Fahrenheit 



Temperature Average 



Pulse beats 

in a 

minute 



Respirations 
in a 
minute 



Horse 
Cow. . 
Sheep 
Swine 
Dog.. 
Cat... 
Fowl . 



99.5-101.4 
100.4-102.2 
102.2-104.9 
100.4-104 
99.5-102.2 
102.2-104 
106.2-108.5. 



100.4 
101.4 
103.4 
102.2 
100.8 
101.4 
107.6 



28-40 


S-16 


40-60 


10-30 


70-80 


12-20 


60-80 


8-18 


70-120 


10-30 


110-130 


20-30 


120-160 


40-50 



h) Equivalents of Fahrenheit and Centigrade 
Temperatures. 

To reduce Centigrade to Fahrenheit, multiply by 
1.8 and add 32. To reduce Fahrenheit to Centigrade, 
subtract 32 and divide by 1.8. 



Table of Equivalents of Centigrade and Fahrenheit 
Thermometric Scales. 



Cent. 


Fahr. 


Cent. 


Fahr. 


Cent. 


Fahr. 


o 


o 


o 


o 


o 


o 





32.0 


34 


93.2 


68 


154.4 


+ 1 


33.8 


35 


95.0 


69 


156.2 


2 


35.6 


36 


96.8 


70 


158.0 


3 


37.4 


37 


98.6 


71 


159.8 


4 


39.2 


38 


100.4 


72 


161.6 


5 


41.0 


39 


102.2 


73 


163.4 


6 


42.8 


40 


104.0 


74 


165.2 


7 


44.6 


41 


105.8 


75 


167.0 


8 


46.4 


42 


107.6 


76 


168.8 


9 


48.2 


43 


109.4 


77 


170.6 


10 


50.0 


44 


111.2 


78 


172.4 


11 


51.8 


45 


113.0 


79 


174.2 


12 


53.6 


46 


114.8 


80 


176.0 


13 


55.4 


47 


116.6 


81 


177.8 


14 


57.2 


48 


118.4 


82 


179.6 


15 


59.0 


49 


120.2 


83 


181.4 


16 


60.8 


50 


122.0 


84 


183.2 


17 


62.6 


51 


123.8 


85 


185.0 


18 


64.4 


52 


125.6 


86 


186.8 


19 


66.2 


53 


127.4 


87 


188.6 


20 


68.6 


54 


129.2 


88 


190.4 


21 


69.8 


55 


131.0 


89 


192.2 


22 


71.6 


56 


132.8 


90 


194.0 


23 


73.4 


57 


134.6 


91 


195.8 


24 


75.2 


58 


136.4 


92 


197.6 


25 


77.0 


59 


138.2 


93 


199.4 


26 


78.8 


60 


140.0 


94 


201.2 


27 


80.6 


61 


141.8 


95 


203.0 


28 


82.4 


62 


143.6 


96 


204.8 


29 


84.2 


63 


145.4 


97 


206.6 


30 


86.0 


64 


147.2 


98 


208.4 


31 


87.8 


65 


149.0 


99 


210.2 


32 


89.6 


66 


150.8 


100 


212.0 


33 


91.4 


67 


152.6 







9. Veterinary Hygiene. 

stable Construction. 

Site and Foundation. Stables should be built on 
a slightly elevated site; they should not be in close 
contact with large buildings or banks since these 
obstruct the free circulation of air. Avoid close 
proximity to swamps and sluggish streams (excess 
of moisture). Dry, coarse, gravely or sandy subsoil 
is a desirable material upon which to rest the foun- 
dations, as water passes readily through many foun- 
dation walls to the side walls keeping them per- 
manently moist and cold. Clay soils should be 
thoroughly drained before receiving a foundation. 
The material for the construction of a foundation 
must be compact and water-proof (cement, hard 
baked tile). The walls may be further protected from 
soil moisture by inclosing a layer of asphalt, or a 
heavy sheet of tar paper in the foundation wall 
near the top, additional protection is given by extend- 
ing the asphalt over the outer and inner sides to 
protect against atmospheric moisture. » 

Walls, Ceilings, Floors. Stable walls should be 
constructed of porous material (non-conductor of 
heat and cold) to retain heat in winter and exclude 
it in summer. Such material is found in wood, air 
spaces, heavy building paper, tar-paper, dry sand, 
and tile blocks. The outer surface of the wall must 
be water-proof to exclude moisture (rain, snow, 
water-vapor) : paint, glazed tile, hard cement plaster, 
tar-paper beneath clapboards. The inner surface of 
the wall must also be water-proof, have a smooth 
surface, and be free from grooves or cracks: smooth 



159 

white-washed boards, plaster-board, glazed tile or 
brick, hard cement plaster. Walls constructed en- 
tirely of cement or stone are too cold in winter, the 
material is too compact; they are, however, cool in 
summer. Stable walls must be water-proof on the 
outer and inner surfaces to prevent absorption of 
moisture; porous material between retains the heat 
and prevents condensation of moisture (sweating) on 
the inner surface. 

Ceilings require the same smooth, water-proof, 
and warm construction as walls. Warmth may be 
provided by roughage stored above. There should 
be no permanent opening through the ceiling of a 
stable into a hay-loft above: dust from the roughage, 
damage to food from stable gases, interference with 
ventilation. 

Floors. Concrete is one of the best available ma- 
terials for floor construction. It must rest upon a 
firm subsoil, or a well-tamped layer of cinders or 
coarse gravel, broken brick or stone. Upon this base 
spread three inches of a mixture of 1 part cement, 3 
coarse clean sand, and 5 parts finely broken stone, or 
gravel. Cover with a finishing coat one inch thick, 
made of 2 parts cement to 3 parts sand or crushed 
granite. While the surface is still soft it may be 
marked into four-inch squares by pressing into it 
three-fourths inch gas pipe; this prevents slipping, 
the grooves have no sharp angles, and they are 
easily cleaned. Floors upon which animals must 
remain permanently should be further provided with 
a softer and warmer covering: board slats and mats, 
boards, cork brick for cows. Hard-baked tile bricks 
cemented together make a floor that is warmer, less 
slippery, and softer, they have not come into general 
use in this country. Vitrefied brick firmly cemented 



160 

together make an ideal floor. Hard-baked tile and 
vitrefied brick are superior to cement but are more 
expensive. 

Dimensions of Stables. Cubic feet of space should 
be 500-1000 cu. ft. for each 1000 pounds of animal, the 
smaller space is better adapted to cold climates, or 
for stables provided with a very active system of 
ventilation. Not more than 50-75 large animals should 
be kept together in a stable. Where the units are 
larger it becomes difficult to exclude or suppress in- 
fectious diseases (tuberculosis). Widtli of cow sta- 
bles, single-row stables should be about 18 feet wide, 
divided approximately as follows: feeding alley 5 
feet, manger 1 foot 6 inches, curb for stantion 4 
inches, stall 4 feet 6 inches, gutter 1 foot 6 inches, 
milking alley 5 feet 2 inches. Double-row stables are 
made 32-36 feet wide with the cows' heads facing 
away from each other, cows ought never to stand 
facing each other. Mangers: the partition in front of 
the manger should reach to about the level of the 
cow's nose to prevent throwing food out on the feed- 
ing floor, the bottom of the manger should not be on 
a lower level than the feet of the cow, provide low 
partitions between each manger and a partition on 
the curb between the stall and manger to keep the 
feet of the cow out of the manger. The top of the 
mangers for horses should be about the height of the 
elbow to one-half the height of the body. Stantions 
should be attached as close as possible to the curb, 
or the cattle may be tied with chains. Stall space for 
cows should not be longer than necessary for stand- 
ing room, 15-20 sq. ft. per cow, 3-4 feet of width per 
cow. The floor of the stall should be of wood (plank, 
board mat of slats), or cork brick. Vitrefied brick 
or hard-baked tile are warmer than cement. Cement 



161 

is less objectionable when it is perfectly dry (dry 
subsoil, water-proofing) . Cement that rests on a 
moist base is always cold, and is very liable to be 
damp. Stall partitions should be lower at the flank 
than at the shoulder so that the cow can turn and not 
have to step in the gutter, ribs are often broken by 
lying against single pipe partitions when the post 
is too far from the gutter so that it comes in contact 
with the ribs instead of the flank. Gutters may be 
12-15 inches wide by 10-15 inches deep, or 18 inches 
wide and 7 inches deep. The height of stables should 
be 8-10 feet, depending on the climate and the num- 
ber of animals together. 

Temperature. Sheep 40°-45° (lambing 50"-60°) ; 
cows 55°-65°; horses 60° (foals, suckling mares, and 
thoroughbreds 65°) Fahrenheit. 

Ventilation. There are two systems of ventila- 
tion, the horizontal system and the vertical system. 
The horizontal system of ventilation in its simplest 
form consists in substituting muslin for windows on 
opposite sides of the stable. It requires frequent 
renewal as the pores in the cloth become clogged 
with filth, during a sleety storm they may become in- 
active through the formation of a film of ice. In 
many old stables this is the cheapest and most prac- 
tical method of stable ventilation. Vertical. The 
stable must be tight (no open lofts, doors, or win- 
dows) or the system is inactive. Pure air enters the 
stable through intakes in the form of shafts 6-8 inches 
in diameter starting on the outside near the ground, 
passing u^ard in the wall, and entering the stable 
in an upward direction near the ceiling. When the 
cows face in extend the shafts in the floor or ceiling 
to the middle of the stable so that the pure air enters 
near the heads of the cows. Provide one shaft every 



162 

10-12 feet on both sides with a damper for closing 
each shaft at will. Exits for taking out impure air 
should enter the stable at the greatest possible dis- 
tance from the intakes (center of the stables), pass 
straight up and end above the highest part of the 
roof. When cows face in, the exits should open near 
the stable wall. Exits must be constructed of warm 
porous material (2 layers of boards and 1 layer of 
heavy building paper) and when possible enclosed in 
a mow of roughage. The top should be provided with 
a roof to keep out the storm, or better, a deflector to 
aid in suction. Two powers force the air through 
this shaft: 1. Heated air rising to cooler tempera- 
tures above, and 2. Suction by the outside currents of 
air, the wind. For a stable containing 10-12 large 
animals provide one shaft 12-14 inches in diameter. 
This shaft may be brought 6-12 inches below the 
ceiling when both powers of expulsion are utilized 
(moderate temperature and low wind), or to within 
about a foot of the floor when suction by the wind is 
sufficient (low temperature and high wind). Shafts 
that end at or near the ceiling should have a damper 
to close when the stable becomes too cool during 
cold high winds; those brought to the floor should 
have a damper in the side near the ceiling to open 
when the stable becomes too warm during moderate 
temperatures and a quiet atmosphere. In larger sta- 
bles the exit shaft is increased to three feet for each 
50 to 60 cows. 

Moisture in stables is an index to the degree of 
impurity of the air. Frost or moisture off the walls 
indicates a relative moisture of 100% (poor ventila- 
tion, or damp floors, or both). The per cent of 
moisture in a stable should not greatly exceed that 
of the outdoor atmosphere. The general average is 



163 

70-80 per cent. A cheap hygrometer is the simplest 
method of determining the per cent of moisture 
(Mitthof's Hygrometer, 3 inch diameter, Eimer 
& Amend, N. Y. City. Costs about $2.00). 

Light. Provide a window surface of one-twelfth 
to one-thirteenth of the floor space, or about 4 sq. ft. 
per cow. All animals, especially horses, should be 
protected from the direct sunlight. In horse stables 
place the windows behind the stalls, or high enough 
in front to prevent the light falling directly in the 
face (8 feet). 

Stable Disinfection depends on the destruction of 
the germs of disease that may be present in the 
stable itself, and on the removal and exclusion of 
carriers that may deposit infection in the stable: 
attendants in hog cholera; animals that react to the 
tuberculin or mallein test; fetus, afterbirth, and 
vaginal discharges in contagious abortion. Many old 
stables with open wood-work, cracks, and crevices 
cannot be thoroughly disinfected. 

The first step in a complete disinfection of a 
stable consists in the removal of all loose dust and 
filth, followed by thorough cleansing with hot soap 
and water. Dirt must be removed from all cracks, 
crevices, and corners until the material of construc- 
tion is fully exposed and clean. This requires sweep- 
ing, scrubing, scraping, and tearing out of rotten or 
porous material especially wooden stable floors and 
mangers. In many cases the thoroughness of the 
cleansing process is of more importance than the 
selection of the disinfectant. Ordinary disinfection 
does not penetrate a dried coat of manure, or wood- 
work that has become porous by decay. 

Disinfection may be partial: frequent disinfection 
of floors to prevent disease, or destroy infection when 



164 

complete segregation is impractical (contagious abor- 
tion, white scours). Such disinfection aids in the 
suppression of infection, but it is inferior to complete 
segregation and disinfection. Disinfection is complete 
when all exposed surfaces (floors, ceilings, walls, 
utensils, stantions, etc.) are included. This method 
should be adopted whenever one expects to promptly 
suppress any contagious disease (tuberculosis, glan- 
ders, white scours, contagious abortion). Frequent 
partial disinfection is a useful procedure in any 
stable, and complete disinfection should be applied 
at least once a year in all stables. 

The ease with which infection in a stable is de- 
stroyed is usually overestimated. Disinfectants 
should be applied under pressure in the form of a 
fine spray. Force pumps for this purpose are inex- 
pensive and the application is more thorough than 
with a brush. Spray the surface to be covered until 
it is thoroughly soaked, do not spare the disinfec- 
tant. Wood surfaces should be covered from one to 
five times according to the smoothness of the surface, 
the frequency of disinfection in the stable, and the 
resistance of the infection. In outbreaks of acute 
infectious diseases the stalls of the sick should be 
disinfected at frequent intervals, especially the floors 
and mangers. The activity of a disinfectant depends 
on its germicidal power and its ability to penetrate 
or soak into materials used in stable construction. 

Sunlight readily destroys germs when they are 
freely exposed to its rays; like all other disinfectants 
it cannot reach organisms enclosed in filth; its effi- 
ciency is very much overestimated. Cleanliness and 
light in a stable are essential to health, and sunlight 
not only destroys infection within its reach, but 
emphasizes the presence of filth. It is a great aid 



165 

to disinfection when a stable is let stand empty with 
the doors and windows open during the summer. 

Lime (CaO) is a cheap and useful agent against 
the less resistant organisms: hog cholera, chicken 
cholera, anthrax bacilli, pus cocci. It is too weak for 
anthrax spores or tubercle bacilli. It is used in the 
form of whitewash applied from two to five times in 
the form of a spray at intervals of not less than two 
hours. Lime is also sprinkled on the floor where it 
destroys only those organisms with which it comes in 
direct contact. As a deodorant, and to emphasize the 
presence of filth it is highly useful. For this purpose 
it may be used in a much weaker solution (1:20). 
Stables should be whitewashed from two to four 
times a year. Whitewash is often combined with 
carbolic acid, but experiments made in the Bureau 
of Animal Industry show that the activity of carbolic 
acid is thereby reduced. 

Chlorinated lime ("Chlorid of Lime") when fresh 
and dry is much stronger than lime, but too weak for 
anthrax spores or tubercle bacilli. It is used in 
water or whitewash in the proportion of 1:3-5. It 
leaves a persistent odor that is very objectionable 
around milch cows, it is also destructive to clothing. 

Carbolic acid in a 3-5 per cent aqueous solution 
is widely used, it is not strong enough, however, for 
the resistant anthrax spores, or the blackleg organ- 
ism. Pure carbolic acid (phenol) is also expensive, 
and crude carbolic acid alone is insoluble in water. 
A 3 per cent solution of a mixture of one part volume 
of crude carbolic acid and i/^-l part volume crude 
sulphuric acid is readily soluble in water, strong 
enough to kill the resistant tubercle bacilli and an- 
thrax spores, and is comparatively cheap (Fischer & 
Koske). The insoluble cresols of the crude carbolic 



166 

acid are thus made available. Animals should not 
be returned to the stable until the vapor of carbolic 
acid has disappeared, this is especially true of milch 
cows. 

Creolin and its numerous substitutes, is active 
against most forms of bacteria when they are not 
enclosed in albumenous material, it is not strong 
enough for spores. It is used in a 2-5% solution. 

Liquor cresolis compositus in a 2-5% solution is 
very efficient, its germicidal power being higher than 
either carbolic acid or creolin. 

Cresol, from which creolin and liquor cresolis 
compositus are derived, is highly efficient when com- 
bined with sulphuric acid or soap to render it soluble 
in water. The experiments of Fischer & Koske show 
that a 3 per cent aqueous solution of one volume 
cresol and one-half volume crude sulphuric acid gives 
a very strong and inexpensive germicide. 

Corrosive sublimate 1:1000 (one ounce to eight 
gallons) in a 1% aqueous solution of sodium chloride 
is among the stronger disinfectants. Care should be 
used in returning animals to the stable too soon after 
its use as it is very poisonous, especially to cattle. 
It corrodes metals and for this reason it should be 
prepared in wooden tubs and not applied to metal 
surfaces. 



10. Clinical Diagnosis/) 



GENERAL EXAMINATION. 

I. Anamnesis. 1 Duration, 2 Symptoms, 3 Cause, 

4 Number affected, 5 Previous treatment. 

II. Signalment. 1 Species, 2 Sex, 3 Color, 4 Age, 

5 Size, 6 Breed, 7 Use. 

III. Habitus. 1 Attitude, 2 Condition, 3 Conforma- 
tion, 4 Temperament. 

IV. Skin. 1 Hair, 2 Sweat, 3 Color, 4 Condition, 
5 Swellings, 6 Sensitiveness, 7 Lesions. 

V. Eye. 1 Expression, 2 Discharges, 3 Color of 
conjunctiva, 4 Swelling of conjunctiva. 

VI. Fever. 1 Temperature, 2 Chills, 3 Distribu- 
tion of local heat, 4 Increase in pulse and respiration, 
5 Appetite, 6 Mental depression, 7 Albumen, 8 Type 
— P. continua, remittens, intermittens, atypica. 

VII. Hypothermia. 

B 

CIRCULATORY APPARATUS. 

I. Pulse. 1 Frequency, 2 Rhythm — normal, ir- 
regular, intermittent, 3 Quality (size— full, empty, 
inequal, imperceptible; strength — strong, weak; 
hardness— hard, soft), trembling, thready, wiry, 
quick, sluggish, dicrotic. 

II. Veins. 1 Permanent distension of the peri- 
pheral veins, 2 Jugular pulse — negative, positive. 



O Adapted t o "Malkmus' Clinical Diagnostics" and "Chirur 
gische Piagnostik der Krankheiten des Pferdes" (Frohner). 



168 

III. Heart. 1 Impulse, 2 Percussion, 3 Sounds — 
increase, decrease, blending, bruits, rhythm, splash- 
ing pericardial sounds in traumatic pericarditis in 
cows. 

C 
RESPIRATORY APPARATUS. 

I. Respirations. 1 Frequency, 2 Rhythm, 3 In- 
tensity, 4 Type, 5 Sounds — wheezing, rattling, laryn- 
geal, stenotic tones, bubbling, 6 Dyspnea — inspiratory, 
expiratory, mixed. 

II. Breath. 1 Currents at the nostril, 2 Odor. 

III. Nasal Discharges. 1 Quantity — slight, co- 
pious, unilateral, variable, 2 Color, 3 Consistency — 
serous, mucous, mucilaginous, flocculent, purulent 4 
Odor, 5 Admixture — fine and coarse foam, food par- 
ticles, parasites. 

IV. Nasal Cavities. 1 Asymmetry of the face, 2 
Lesions of the nose and lips, 3 Mucous membranes — 
discolorations (hyperemia, hemorrhage), swellings, 
wounds, nodules, ulcers, cicatrices. 

V. Submaxillary Lymph Glands. 1 Swelling — 
unilateral, bilateral, 2 Surface — smooth, rough, 3 Con- 
sistency, 4 Heat and pain, 5 Movability. 

VI. Cough. 1 Induced, 2 Frequency — occasional, 
frequent, paroxysmal, 3 Pain, 4 Force — strong, weak, 
5 Duration — short, long, 6 Depth, 7 Sound — loud, clear, 
low, dull, loose, moist, dry, 8 Expectoration. 

VII. Larynx. 1 Palpation — heat, pain, scars, flat- 
tening of the larynx and trachea, 2 Auscultation — nor- 
mal expiratory tone, abnormal (whistling, rattling). 

VIM. Percussion of the Thorax. 1 Area, 2 Reson- 
ance, 3 Tympany, 4 Dullness. 

IX. Auscultation. 1 Vesicular murmur — exagger- 



169 

ated, feeble, absent, 2 Bronchial tones, 3 Vague tones, 
4 Rales — moist (fine and coarse crepitant, fine and 
coarse bubbling), dry (sibilant — fine, sonorous — 
coarse). 5 Pleuritic friction tones. 

X. Heaves. Lungs or heart. Exercise, rest 
(character of respirations, foamy nasal discharge, 
cough). 

D 
DIGESTIVE APPARATUS. 

I. Appetite for Food and Drink. 1 Perverted ap- 
petite, 2 Manner of taking food and drink, 3 Mastica- 
tion, 4 Deglutition. 

II. Buccal Cavity. 1 Temperature, 2 Amount of 
saliva, 3 Odor, 4 Lesions on mucous membranes — 
petechiae, nodules, pustules, ulcers (contagious, ero- 
sions, poisons), blisters, wounds, 5 Foreign bodies, 6 
Teeth — points, projections, caries, loose. 

III. Tliroat and Esophagus. 1 Inspection, 2 Palpa- 
tion — pain, swellings, consistency, foreign bodies in 
the esophagus. 

IV. Rumination. 1 Frequency of eructation, 2 
Number of mastications per cud. 

V. Vomiting. Dogs, swine, ruminants, horse. 

VI. Abdomen. 1 Inspection — abnormal distension 
and reduction, 2 Palpation — consistency, pain, trau- 
matic gastritis and pericarditis, peristalsis, contrac- 
tions of the rumen in cows, 3 Rectal examination — 
impaction of colon, floating colon, cecum, and ileum, 
distension of stomach, incarceration (internal ingui- 
nal ring in stallions), gut-tie, invagination, torsion, 
enteroliths, tumors, enlarged sublumbar lymph 
glands in traumatic gastritis and peritonitis in cows, 
4 Percussion — clear, tympanitic, dull, 5 Auscultation 
— kinds of sounds, increase; decrease, paralysis. 



170 

VII. Evacuations. 1 Frequency — normal, consti- 
pation, diarrliea, 2 Volume, 3 Consistency and form, 
4 Color, 5 Covering, 6 Odor, 7 Composition — fine and 
coarse food particles, foreign bodies, exudates, para- 
sites. 

E 
URINARY APPARATUS. 

I. Manner of Voiding Urine. 1 Frequency — ab- 
normally frequent (polyuria, stranguria), 2 Painful 
(dysuria), 3 Retention (ischuria) from obstruction or 
paralysis, 4 Incontinence. 

II. Examination of the Urine. 1 Quantity, 2 Color, 

3 Transparency — normal (turbid), clear, very turbid, 

4 Consistency, 5 Specific gravity, 6 Reaction, 7 Al- 
bumen increased — diseases of kidney, blood, nerves, 
aiminished blood pressure, fever, 8 Albumoses (inter- 
nal abscess), 9 Hemoglobinuria — hematogenic, myo- 
genic, 10 Hematuria, 11 Indican (indigestion), 12 
Choleuria, 13 Grape sugar, 14 Lactose. 

III. Microscopic. 1 Crystals — carbonate of lime, 
oxalates, urates, hippuric acid, phosphates, sulphates, 
2 Organic matter — epithelium, white and red blood 
cells, casts, bacteria. 

IV. Examination of the Urinary Organs. 1 Pal- 
pation — kidneys, ureters (catheter in mare), bladder, 
urethra. 

F 
SEXUAL APPARATUS. 

I. Increased Sexual Desire. 1 Nymphomania, 2 

Satyriasis. 

II. Female Organs. 1 Vulva — swelling, retrac- 
tion, discharges, 2 Vagina, 3 Udder — quantity and 
quality of milk, teats (blisters, fistulae, nodules in 



171 

teat canal, size and direction of stream, character of 
milk), quarters (size, consistency, sensitiveness), 4 
Ovaries, 5 Horns, 6 Uterus. 

III. Male Organs. 1 Penis — vesicles, ulcers, pus- 
tules, scars, tumors. 

G 

NERVOUS SYSTEM. 
I. Psychic Functions. 1 Mental excitement — cere- 
britis, rabies, tubercular meningitis, 2 Mental depres- 
sion — dullness, drowsiness, sopor, coma, 3 Vertigo. 

II. Sensibility. 1 Hypesthesia — finger in the ear, 
flip the nose, step on the coronet, pin pricks, general 
behavior, 2 Anesthesia, 3 Hyperesthesia — first stage 
of irritation or inflammation of any part of the brain 
or cord. 

III. Motility. 1 Spasm — clonic, tonic, trembling, 
convulsions, orthotonus, opisthotonus, trismus, saw- 
horse attitude, reflex spasms, 2 Involuntary move- 
ments, 3 Disturbance of the muscular sense, 4 Paraly- 
sis — cerebral, spinal, peripheral, 5 Reflexes — brain, 
spine. 

H 

BODY MOVEMENTS. 

I. Blind Staggers (dummies). Development, 
pulse, appetite, psychic condition (expression, atti- 
tude, movements of the head, use of the ears and 
eyes), sensibility, motility. 

IV. Epilepsy and Vertigo. V. Balkiness. VI. Crib- 
bing. VII. Weaving. 

I 
LYMPHATIC GLANDS. 

1 Submaxillary, 2 Subpartoid lymph glands, 3 Ret- 
ro-pharyngeal (anterior, posterior — atlantal), 4 Pre- 



172 

scapular, 5 Percrural, 6 Inguinal (horse), 7 Supra- 
mammary, 8 Mesenteric, lumbar, and sacral, — per 
rectum. 

J 

Eye. 1 Expression. 2 Lids: partial closure swell- 
ing, angularity, discharges, loss of hair at the inner 
angle. Conjunctiva: color, swelling, membrana nic- 
titans. 3 Lachrymal duct. 4 Bulb: atropy (soft on 
palpation following periodic ophthalmia). 5 Cornea: 
turbidity, bulging, flat. 6 Anterior chamber: fibrin- 
ous exudates, filaria papillosa. 7 Iris and Pupil: size, 
movability, color, adhesions. 8 Lens: turbidity 
(ophthalmoscope, dilate the pupil with atropin when 
in doubt). 9. Vitreous body: turbidities (ophthalmo- 
scope or retinascope). 10. Retina. 11. Test for blind- 
ness by leading against some object. 

K 

Head and Neck. Examine for wounds, fistulae 
and swellings: face, base of ear, parotid region, poll, 
thyroids, side of neck, top of neck (sitfast from collar 
bruise). 

L 

Thorax. 1 Breast: wounds, fistula, hematoma, 
swelling, tumor, pain. 2 Sides: phlegmon, fracture 
and fistula of ribs, tumor, stiffness (pleuritis). 3 
Withers: abrasion, eczema, wounds, fistula, abscess, 
hematoma, pain, movability of the skin. 

Abdomen. Wounds. Swellings: edema, phlegmon, 
hernia (scrotal, ventral, inguinal, umbilical), hema- 
toma, abscess. 

M 

ANTERIOR LIMB. 

I. Shoulder. Swinging-leg lameness (muscle). 



173 

mixed lameness (joint), unable to support weight 
(radial paralysis, suprascapular paralysis). Throm- 
bosis of axillary arteries, contusion, phlegmon, ab- 
scess, hematoma, omarthritis, bursitis intertubercu- 
laris, fracture, atrophy (inactivity, general, injury, 
azoturia), heat and pain. 

II. Carpus. Lameness is supporting-leg, swing- 
ing-leg, or mixed. Contracture, phlegmon, hematoma, 
abscess, precarpal bursitis, tendovaginitis (extensors, 
flexors), exostosis (inner surface), chronic arthritis 
(uniform enlargement) ; extend, flex, abduct, and 
adduct the joint to determine pain and motility. 

III. Metacarpus and tendons. Sudden support- 
ing-leg lameness, flexion of the fetlock joint. Inspect 
for contracture (upright fetlock, stub hoof), diffuse 
swellings (phlegmon), circumscribed swellings (ten- 
dinitis, tendon rupture, tendon callus, tendovaginitis), 
and scars. Palpate with the foot raised and the ten- 
dons flexed each tendon its entire length, suspensory 
ligament is often diseased at the lower third 
(branches of the superior sesamoidean ligament), 
deep flexor is often diseased at the upper third 
(check ligament), note heat, pain, swelling, adhe- 
sions, and splints. 

IV. Fetlock. Inspect, palpate, rotate, extend, and 
flex. Note distorsion, contusion, arthritis, sesamoidi- 
tis, fracture, scratches, wounds, fistulae, phlegmons, 
tendovaginitis, heat and pain. 

V. Coronet. Sprains, arthritis, ringbone, frac- 
ture, subcoronary and parachondral phlegmon, ab- 
scess, calk wounds, scars, fistulae, circular swellings 
at the coronet (sprains, circular ringbone, serous and 
suppurative arthritis, edema), circumscribed swell- 
ings (ringbone, subcoronary and parachondral phleg- 



174 

mon, quittor). Depression at the coronet in sinking 
of the third phalanx. Heat and pain. 

VI. Hoof. Inspection, palpation, percussion, men- 
suration, pulsation of the plantar arteries, cocain or 
alypin. 1 Position of the limbs (toe-wide, toe-narrow, 
etc.), foot-axis, form of hoof (regular, acute-angled, 
obtuse-angled), atrophy, contraction. 2 Shoe: un- 
equal wear (toe in navicular disease and spavin), 
length, width, nails, weight. 3 Wall: smooth or 
rough, clefts, cracks, rings (normal, pathological), 
convex, concave, nail holes. 4 Sole: flat, white line, 
loose or hollow wall, corns, clefts. 5 Frog: atrophy, 
asymmetry, thrush, canker, wounds. 6 Bars: straight 
and prominent, buttress not too long, open cleft be- 
tween the bars and the frog. 7 Bulbs of the heel: 
wounds, contusions, swelling, atrophy, asymmetry, 
heat and pain. 8 Percuss to locate pododermatitis 
(wall, sole, frog). 9 Test for navicular disease: per- 
cussion over frog, sole, quarters; extension of joint 
(v/edge test) ; flexion of joint (thumb test) ; rotation. 
10 Ossification of lateral cartilages. 

N 

PELVIS AND POSTERIOR LIMB. 

I. Lumbar and sacral region. Inspection, palpa- 
tion, movements, rectal and vaginal examination. 
Bilateral lameness: spinal cord, muscles, fracture of. 
the vertebrae or pelvis, thrombosis at the base of 
the iliac arteries. 

II. Hip. Unilateral swinging-leg lameness: cox- 
itis, pelvic fracture, injury to muscles or nerves, ab- 
duction in paralysis of the obturator. Swellings: 
contusion, phlegmon, rupture, hematoma, fracture, 
general and partial atrophy; heat and pain. 



175 

III. Stifle. Position of limb: flexed in single 
gonitis, shifting weight in double gonitis, unable to 
support weight in degenerative myositis of azoturia, 
unable to flex in stifle cramp. Luxation. Swellings: 
phlegmon, gonitis (inner surface), bursitis (lower an- 
terior surface), atrophy (degenerative, inactivity), 
fractures of the tibia; heat and pain. 

IV. Tarsal region. Inspection, palpation, flexion 
test, movements, wear of shoe. Spavin, lateral ex- 
ostoses, curb, capped hock, chronic serous arthritis 
(bog spavin), deforming arthritis, serous tendo- 
vaginitis of perforans (thoroughpin), fractures, 
stringhalt. Swellings: edema, phlegmon, tendo- 
vaginitis; heat and pain. 



176 
Physical Examination Chart for Cows. 

Owner Date Time . . 

Address 

Veterinarian Address 

Breed Sex Color Age .... Wt. 

Use Registration No Tag No. 

Name 

Previous owners and examinations 

Feed and feeding 

Stable No. of animals in herd . . 



Gen. Exam. Attitude Condition ... 

Conformation Hair 

Condition of Skin Temp Pulse 



Resp. Apparatus. History of Cough 

Respirations: Frequency .... Depth .... Type 

Dyspnea Cough 

Percussion 

Auscultation: Vesicular murmur 

Bronchial tones 

Vague tones 

Rales 

Heart: Impulse Percussion.... Sounds 



Digestive Tract. Appetite 

Tympany, past or present 

Contractions of the rumen 

Peristaltic sounds 

Size of abdomen 

Feces: Volume Frequency 



177 
Consistency 



Lymph Glands 

Atlantal. Rt Lft 

Subparotid. Rt Lft 

Submaxillary. Rt Lft 

Retropharyngeal. Rt Lft 

Prescapular. Rt Lft 

Precrural. Rt Lft 

Supramammary. Rt Lft 

Sublumbar and subsacral 

Mesenteric 

Date of pregnancy Date of calving 



Udder 

Lft. front 

Lft. hind 

Rt. front 

Rt. hind 

Special Examination (microscopic, animal inocula- 
tions, catalytic test, etc.) : 

Milk 

Uterine and vaginal discharges 

Saliva 

Remarks. 



11. Shipment of Tissues for Laboratory- 
Diagnosis. 

For a bacteriological examination, or examina- 
tion of gross specimens, tissues must reach the lab- 
oratory in a fresh state. One of the best methods is 
to pack them in ice in large pails (tobacco or candy 
pails). For a histological examination tissues may 
be cut in one-half inch to one inch cubes and shipped 
in a 10% formalin solution, or in 95% alcohol. 

Blood for anthrax examination may be sent in a 
dried condition, a few drops on a piece of paper, or 
the ear may be cut off and forwarded. Blood for the 
agglutination test or fixation of the compliment test 
for glanders: one to two ounces in a bottle in a mail- 
ing case or wooden box, time required for examina- 
tion 3 days. 

A blood count to determine the number of 
corpuscles requires special equipment for taking the 
sample (haemato-cytometer). A blood count to de- 
termine the relative number of leucocytes (differen- 
tial count) can be made when blood oozing from a 
freshly made wound is spread in a thin even smear 
on a glass slide and allowed to dry. 

For rabies examination forward the entire head 
packed in ice, or the intact brain in glycerin. 



SHORT TITLE CATALOGUE 

OF 

VETERINARY PUBLICATIONS 

The Pathology and Differential Diagnosis of In- 
fectious Diseases of Animals. Moore $4 . 00 

The Principles of Microbiology. Moore 3 . 50 

Veterinary Obstetrics. Williams 8 . 00 

Surgical and Obstetrical Operations. Williams ... 2 . 50 

General Surgery — Frohner. Translated by Udall 3.50 

Veterinary Doses and Prescription Writing. Fish . 1 . 50 

Examination of the Urine of the Horse and Man. 

Fish 1.50 

Elementary Exercises in Physiology. (Laboratory 

Manual.) Fish 1 .50 

Elementary Exercises in Materia Medica and 

Pharmacy. (Laboratory Manual.) Fish.... 1.50 

The Clinical Pathology of the Blood of Domesticated 

Animals. Burnett 2 . 50 

Pure Milk and the Public Health. Ward 2 . 00 

CARPENTER & CO. 

Successors to the Publishing Department of Taylor & Carpenter 

ITHACA, NEW YORK 



OCT 19 1912 



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